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Systematic Sampling 1

Systematic sampling is a probability sampling method where researchers select members of the population at regular intervals. It is easy to execute, provides a sense of control, and eliminates clustered selection. However, it assumes the population size can be determined and requires some degree of randomness in the population. Ideal research for systematic sampling includes surveys when the population is not ordered cyclically or periodically.

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210 views21 pages

Systematic Sampling 1

Systematic sampling is a probability sampling method where researchers select members of the population at regular intervals. It is easy to execute, provides a sense of control, and eliminates clustered selection. However, it assumes the population size can be determined and requires some degree of randomness in the population. Ideal research for systematic sampling includes surveys when the population is not ordered cyclically or periodically.

Uploaded by

murderedcupcake
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Systematic Sampling

Presented by Group 2
Objectives
• Define the Systematic Sampling and give the process
involved
• Know the advantages and disadvantages of using
Systematic Sampling
• Find the type of research that is ideal in Systematic
Sampling
• Give 2 scenarios that uses the sampling
Definition of Systematic Sampling
• Systematic sampling is a probability sampling method in which
researchers select members of the population at a regular interval
(or k) determined in advance.
• If the population order is random or random-like (e.g., alphabetic
al), then this method will give you a representative sample that ca
n be used to draw conclusions about your population of interest.
(Thomas, 2023)
Advantages of Systematic Sampling:

Easy to Execute and Understand


Systematic samples are relatively easy to constru
ct, execute, compare, and understand. This is part
icularly important for studies or surveys that oper
ate with tight budget constraints.(Ross, 2021)
Advantages of Systematic Sampling:

Control and Sense of Process


A systematic method also provides researchers and statisticians
with a degree of control and sense of process. This might be p
articularly beneficial for studies with strict parameters or a narr
owly formed hypothesis, assuming the
sampling is reasonably constructed to fit certain parameters.
Advantages of Systematic Sampling:

Clustered Selection Eliminated


Clustered selection, a phenomenon in which randomly chosen sa
mples are uncommonly close together in a population, is eliminat
ed in systematic sampling. Random samples can only deal with th
is by increasing the number of samples or running more than one
survey. These can be expensive alternatives.
Advantages of Systematic Sampling:

Low Risk Factor


Perhaps the greatest strength of a systematic approach
is its low risk factor. The primary potential disadvant
ages of the system carry a distinctly low probability of
contaminating the data.
Disadvantages of Systematic Sampling:

Assumes Size of Population Can Be Determined


The systematic method assumes the size of the
population is available or can be reasonably approximated
. For instance, suppose researchers want to study the size of rat
s in a given area. If they don't have any idea how many rats the
re are, they cannot systematically select a starting point or inter
val size.
Disadvantages of Systematic Sampling:

Need for Natural Degree of Randomness


A population needs to exhibit a natural degree of rand
omness along the chosen metric. If the population has
a type of standardized pattern, the risk of accidentall
y choosing very common cases is more apparent.(Ros
s, 2021)
Consider the Order of the population

• When using systematic sampling with a population list, it’s essenti


al to consider the order in which your population is listed to ensur
e that your sample is valid.
• You should not use systematic sampling if your population is orde
red cyclically or periodically, as your resulting sample cannot be g
uaranteed to be representative.
SCENARIOS ON NOT
TO USE SYSTEMATIC
SAMPLING
Example: Alternating list

Your population list alternates between men (on the even num
bers) and women (on the odd numbers). You choose to sample
every tenth individual, which will therefore result in only men
being included in your sample. This would obviously be unrep
resentative of the population.
Example: Cyclically ordered list

You are sampling from a population list of approximately 1000 hospital patient
s. The list is divided into 50 departments of around 20 patients each. Within ea
ch department, the list is ordered by age, from youngest to oldest. This results i
n a list of 20 repeated age cycles.

If you sample every 20th individual, because each department is ordered by ag


e, your population will consist of the oldest person in each one. This will most l
ikely not provide a representative sample of the entire hospital population (hig
h
generalizability).
Process
1. Define your population: Like other methods of
sampling, you must decide upon the population that you
are studying.

2. Decide on your sample size: Before you choose your


interval, you must first decide on your sample size. It’s
important to choose a representative number in order to
avoid sampling bias.
Note:
For systematic sampling, it's often better to determine sample size
based on the desired level of precision, confidence level, and
variability within the population, rather than relying on Slovin's
formula. The sample size should ensure adequate representation of
the population without the biases potentially introduced by the
method's systematic nature.
3. Calculate sampling interval k : When you know your target
sample size, you can calculate your interval, k, by dividing
your total estimated population size by your sample size. This
can be a rough estimate rather than an exact calculation.

4. Select the sample and collect data:


If you already have a list of your population, randomly select a starting
point on your list, and from there, select every kth member of the
population to include in your sample. If you don’t have a list, you choose
every kth member of the population for your sample at the same time as
collecting the data for your study.
Ideal Research
Qualitative:
Survey
Systematic sampling is efficient for survey because it allows for a
straightforward, evenly spaced selection of participants, which can
yield a representative sample of the larger population if there's no
periodicity or hidden patterns in the arrangement of the list from
which the sample is drawn.
Reference
Thomas, L. (2023, December 18). Systematic Sampling | A Step-by-Step
Guide with Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved December 27, 2023, from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/systematic-sampling/

Ross, S. (2021, September 2). Systematic sampling: Advantages and


disadvantages. Investopedia.
https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/042415/what-are-advantages-and-
disadvantages-using-systematic-sampling.asp

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