1number System
1number System
Introduction
Set of values used to represent different quantities
is known as Number System".
Example:
41210 = 4x102 + 1x101 + 2x100
= 400 + 10 +2 = 412
Binary Numbers: Base 2
Base or Radix is 2
Digits: 0, 1
Example:
1012 = 1x22 + 0x21 + 1x20
= 4 + 0 +1 = 5
Octal Numbers: Base 8
Base or Radix is 8
Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Example:
1238 = 1x82 + 2x81 + 3x80
= 64 + 16 +3
= 83
Hexadecimal Numbers: Base 16
Digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F:
› A 10
› B 11
› C 12
› D 13
› E 14
› F 15
Example:
1216 = 1x161 + 2x160
= 16 +2
= 18
Conversions
2510=110012
Binary to decimal conversion
11001
1X20 = 1
0X21 = 0
0X22 = 0
1X23 = 8
1X24 = 16
2510
Conversion of Decimal to Octal
8 125
8 15 - 5
1 -7
12510=1758
Example 2:
8 84
8 10 - 4
1 -2
8410=1248
Octal to decimal conversion
175
5X80 = 5
7X81 = 56
1X82 = 64
125
1758 = 12510
Example 2:
124
4X80 = 4
2X81 = 16
1X82 = 64
84
1248 = 8410
Conversion of Decimal to Hexadecimal
16 450
16 28 - 2
1 - 12
45010=1C216
Example 2:
16 385
16 24 - 1
1 - 8
38510=18116
Hexadecimal to decimal conversion
1C2
2X160 = 2
12X161 = 192
1X162 = 256
450
1C216 = 45010
Example 2:
1 81
1X160 = 1
8X161 = 128
1X162 = 256
385
18116 = 38510
Hexadecimal to Binary conversions
Example: Convert 2BA3 to Binary
Step 1: write the corresponding binary number for
the given hexadecimal numbers
Step 2: combine all the binary numbers together.
2 B A 3
0010 1011 1010 0011
(0010101110100011)2
Hexadecimal to binary conversion
Convert A2B16 to an equivalent binary number.
Solution: Given hexadecimal number = A2B16
First, convert the given hexadecimal to the equivalent
decimal number.
A2B16 = (A × 162) + (2 × 161) + (B × 160)
= (A × 256) + (2 × 16) + (B × 1)
= (10 ×256) + 32 + 11
= 2560 + 43
= 2603(Decimal number)
Now we have to convert 260310 to binary
Decimal to binary
The binary number obtained is 1010001010112
Hence, A2B16 = 1010001010112
Decimal to binary
Convert E16 to an equivalent binary number.
Solution: Given, a hexadecimal number is E.
First, convert the given hexadecimal to the equivalent decimal
number.
E16 = E × 160
=E×1
=E
=14 (Decimal number)
Now we have to convert 14 10 to binary number.
The binary number obtained is 1110 2
Hence, E16 = 11102
Octal to binary number
Q.1: Convert 418 to a binary number.
Solution: Given number is 418
418 = (4 * 81) + (1 * 80)
=4*8+1*1
= 32+1
= 33(Decimal number)
Convert decimal to binary.
Octal table
Hexadecimal to binary value
Other Conversions
BINARYOCTAL
BINARYHEXADECIMAL
OCTALHEXADECIMAL etc,.
BINARYOCTAL
OCTAL BASE 8 = 23
So separate as 3 digits
Example:110012 OCTAL
11 001
011 001
3 1
110012=318
Example 2:11100112 OCTAL
1 110 011
11100112=1638
Example:11100112 OCTAL
0111 0011
0111 0011
7 3
11100112= 73 16
Octal to binary
Convert (473)8 to binary
Step 1: Write the corresponding binary number for 4
7 and 3 separately
Step 2: Combine those binary numbers together.
4 7 3
100 111 011
(100111011)2
BINARYHEXADECIMAL
HEXADECIMAL BASE 16 = 24
So separate as 4 digits
Example:110012 HEXADECIMAL
1 1001
0001 1001
1 9
110012=1916
OCTALHEXADECIMAL
OCTALBINARYHEXADECIMAL
Example:318 HEXADECIMAL
3 1
011 001
0001 1001
1 9
318=1916
HEXADECIMAL OCTAL
Example: 1BD OCTAL
1 B D
0001 1011 1101
2510=110012
0.125 X 2 = 0.250
0.250 X 2 = 0.5
0.5 X 2 = 1.0
25.12510 = 11001.0012
Binary to decimal conversion
11 0 0 1 . 0 0 1
1X2-3 = 0.125
0X2-2 = 0
0X2-1 = 0
1X20 = 1
0X21 = 0
0X22 = 0
1X23 = 8
1X24 = 16
25.12510
Conversion from Decimal to Octal
84.250 10 Octal
8 84
8 10 - 4
1 -2
8410=1248
0.250 X 8 = 2.000
25.12310 = 124.28
Octal to decimal conversion
124.2
2X8-1 = 0.25
4X80 = 4
2X81 = 16 84
1X82 = 64
84.2510