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1number System

The document discusses different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. It provides examples of how to convert between these number systems. The key points are: - Decimal uses base 10 with digits 0-9 and represents place value based on powers of 10. - Binary uses base 2 with digits 0-1 and represents place value based on powers of 2. - Octal uses base 8 with digits 0-7 and represents place value based on powers of 8. - Hexadecimal uses base 16 with digits 0-9 and A-F and represents place value based on powers of 16. - Conversions between number systems involve separating the number into place values and converting place values individually between
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views41 pages

1number System

The document discusses different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. It provides examples of how to convert between these number systems. The key points are: - Decimal uses base 10 with digits 0-9 and represents place value based on powers of 10. - Binary uses base 2 with digits 0-1 and represents place value based on powers of 2. - Octal uses base 8 with digits 0-7 and represents place value based on powers of 8. - Hexadecimal uses base 16 with digits 0-9 and A-F and represents place value based on powers of 16. - Conversions between number systems involve separating the number into place values and converting place values individually between
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NUMBER SYSTEM

Introduction
 Set of values used to represent different quantities
is known as Number System".

 For example, a number system can be used to


represent the number of students in a class.
 The Decimal Number System consists of ten
digits from 0 to 9.
 These digits can be used to represent any numeric
value.

 The base of decimal number system is 10.

 Each number in this system consists of digits


which are located at different positions.

 The position of first digit towards left side of the


decimal point is 0.
 The position of second digit towards left side of
the decimal point is 1.

 Similarly, the position of first digit towards right


side of decimal point is -1.

 The position of second digit towards right side of


decimal point is -2 and so on.
Number System
 Number Base B => B symbols
› Base 16(Hexa):0, 1,……9, A ,…, E, F
› Base 10 (Decimal): 0, 1, 2,……, 7, 8, 9
› Base 8(Octal): 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
› Base 2 (Binary): 0, 1
Decimal Numbers: Base 10
 Base or Radix is 10
 Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

 Example:
41210 = 4x102 + 1x101 + 2x100
= 400 + 10 +2 = 412
Binary Numbers: Base 2
 Base or Radix is 2

 Digits: 0, 1

 Example:
1012 = 1x22 + 0x21 + 1x20
= 4 + 0 +1 = 5
Octal Numbers: Base 8
 Base or Radix is 8

 Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

 Example:
1238 = 1x82 + 2x81 + 3x80
= 64 + 16 +3
= 83
Hexadecimal Numbers: Base 16
 Digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F:
› A  10
› B  11
› C  12
› D  13
› E  14
› F  15
 Example:
1216 = 1x161 + 2x160
= 16 +2
= 18
Conversions

Decimal to Base N Base N to Decimal

Successive Division by N Multiplication with power of N


(Remainder Method)
Conversion of Decimal to Binary
2 25
2 12 -1
2 6-0
2 3-0
1-1

2510=110012
Binary to decimal conversion

11001
1X20 = 1
0X21 = 0
0X22 = 0
1X23 = 8
1X24 = 16
2510
Conversion of Decimal to Octal
8 125
8 15 - 5
1 -7

12510=1758
Example 2:
8 84
8 10 - 4
1 -2

8410=1248
Octal to decimal conversion

175

5X80 = 5
7X81 = 56
1X82 = 64
125

1758 = 12510
 Example 2:

124

4X80 = 4
2X81 = 16
1X82 = 64
84

1248 = 8410
Conversion of Decimal to Hexadecimal

16 450
16 28 - 2
1 - 12

45010=1C216
Example 2:
16 385
16 24 - 1
1 - 8

38510=18116
Hexadecimal to decimal conversion

1C2
2X160 = 2
12X161 = 192
1X162 = 256
450

1C216 = 45010
 Example 2:

1 81
1X160 = 1
8X161 = 128
1X162 = 256
385

18116 = 38510
Hexadecimal to Binary conversions
Example: Convert 2BA3 to Binary
Step 1: write the corresponding binary number for
the given hexadecimal numbers
Step 2: combine all the binary numbers together.
2 B A 3
0010 1011 1010 0011

(0010101110100011)2
Hexadecimal to binary conversion
Convert A2B16 to an equivalent binary number.
Solution: Given hexadecimal number = A2B16
First, convert the given hexadecimal to the equivalent
decimal number.
A2B16 = (A × 162) + (2 × 161) + (B × 160)
= (A × 256) + (2 × 16) + (B × 1)
= (10 ×256) + 32 + 11
= 2560 + 43
= 2603(Decimal number)
Now we have to convert 260310 to binary
Decimal to binary
The binary number obtained is 1010001010112
Hence, A2B16 = 1010001010112
Decimal to binary
Convert E16 to an equivalent binary number.
Solution: Given, a hexadecimal number is E.
First, convert the given hexadecimal to the equivalent decimal
number.
E16 = E × 160
=E×1
=E
=14 (Decimal number)
Now we have to convert 14 10 to binary number.
The binary number obtained is 1110 2
Hence, E16 = 11102
Octal to binary number
Q.1: Convert 418 to a binary number.
Solution: Given number is 418
418 = (4 * 81) + (1 * 80)
=4*8+1*1
= 32+1
= 33(Decimal number)
Convert decimal to binary.
Octal table
Hexadecimal to binary value
Other Conversions
 BINARYOCTAL
 BINARYHEXADECIMAL
 OCTALHEXADECIMAL etc,.
BINARYOCTAL
 OCTAL  BASE 8 = 23
 So separate as 3 digits

Example:110012  OCTAL
11 001

011 001
3 1
110012=318
Example 2:11100112  OCTAL

1 110 011

001 110 011


1 6 3

11100112=1638
Example:11100112  OCTAL

0111 0011

0111 0011
7 3
11100112= 73 16
Octal to binary
Convert (473)8 to binary
Step 1: Write the corresponding binary number for 4
7 and 3 separately
Step 2: Combine those binary numbers together.
4 7 3
100 111 011
(100111011)2
BINARYHEXADECIMAL
 HEXADECIMAL  BASE 16 = 24
 So separate as 4 digits

Example:110012  HEXADECIMAL
1 1001

0001 1001
1 9
110012=1916
OCTALHEXADECIMAL
 OCTALBINARYHEXADECIMAL

Example:318  HEXADECIMAL
3 1
011 001

0001 1001
1 9
318=1916
HEXADECIMAL  OCTAL
 Example: 1BD  OCTAL

1 B D
0001 1011 1101

000 110 111 101


0 6 7 5
1BD = 6758
Conversion from Decimal to Binary
25.125 10 Binary
2 25
2 12 -1
2 6-0
2 3-0
1-1

2510=110012
0.125 X 2 = 0.250
0.250 X 2 = 0.5
0.5 X 2 = 1.0

25.12510 = 11001.0012
Binary to decimal conversion
11 0 0 1 . 0 0 1

1X2-3 = 0.125
0X2-2 = 0
0X2-1 = 0
1X20 = 1
0X21 = 0
0X22 = 0
1X23 = 8
1X24 = 16
25.12510
Conversion from Decimal to Octal
84.250 10 Octal
8 84
8 10 - 4
1 -2

8410=1248
0.250 X 8 = 2.000

25.12310 = 124.28
Octal to decimal conversion
124.2

2X8-1 = 0.25
4X80 = 4
2X81 = 16 84
1X82 = 64
84.2510

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