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Binary Codes

This document discusses different types of binary codes including weighted codes, non-weighted codes, alphanumeric codes, and error detecting/correcting codes. Weighted codes assign a specific weight to each digit position, examples include various BCD codes. Non-weighted codes do not assign fixed values based on bit position, examples given are excess-3 code and gray code. Alphanumeric codes represent numbers, letters, and other symbols using a code. Common codes discussed are ASCII and EBCDIC. Error detecting codes identify errors while error correcting codes can detect and fix errors during data transmission.

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84 views14 pages

Binary Codes

This document discusses different types of binary codes including weighted codes, non-weighted codes, alphanumeric codes, and error detecting/correcting codes. Weighted codes assign a specific weight to each digit position, examples include various BCD codes. Non-weighted codes do not assign fixed values based on bit position, examples given are excess-3 code and gray code. Alphanumeric codes represent numbers, letters, and other symbols using a code. Common codes discussed are ASCII and EBCDIC. Error detecting codes identify errors while error correcting codes can detect and fix errors during data transmission.

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yourstartn75
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUIT

Abragam Siyon Sing M, AP/EEE, SXCCE


TODAY’S TOPIC

BINARY CODES

Outcome of this class


At the end of this class, you will be able to
understand the basics of binary codes.
What is binary code?

• Binary codes are the group of symbols which are used to encode the

numbers, alphabets or special characters by using a group of bits.


This group of bits is known as binary codes.
Classification of binary codes
Weighted codes
• Each digit position of the number represents a specific weight.
• There are different Binary coded Decimal(BCD) like 8421 code, 2421 code,
3321 code, 4221 code, 5211 code.
• In BCD, Each digit have 4 bits.
8 4 2 1
23 22 21 20

4 8 5 7
8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1
23 22 21 20 23 22 21 20 23 22 21 20 23 22 21 20
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
Contd.,
• Weighted code for 25 is 0010 0101.
Non-weighted codes
• no weight is assigned to any of the bit positions.

• Bits will not have any fixed value based on their position.

• Excess-3 code and gray code are the examples of non-weighted code.
Excess-3 code
• Excess-3 code is derived by simply adding 3 to each BCD number. It is
a non-weighted code and it is a sequential code and reflective code.

+ 0011 (3) =
Gray code
• Known as unit-distance code.

• This is because, bit patterns for every consecutive number

differ in only one bit position.


How to find a gray code from the given binary number?
Convert a binary number (101011)2 into its equivalent gray code.

Convert Gray to Binary.


Reflective codes
• A code is said to be reflective, if the code for any

number is the complement of any another number.


• For example, in excess-3 code, the code for 0 is

0011, whereas the code for 9 is 1100. Since 0011


and 1100 are complement of each other, the
number 9 and 0 are said to be reflective codes.
Sequential code

• In sequential codes, each succeeding code is one binary

number greater than its preceding code, which greatly


helps in manipulation of mathematical data.
• 8421 and excess-3 codes are sequential codes.
Alphanumeric codes
 As the name suggests, the codes which consists of both numbers and

alphabetic characters are called alphanumeric codes.


 consists of symbols to represent the 26 alphabets(including capital and small

letter), 0-9 numbers and other symbols.


 Most commonly used alphanumeric codes are.
 ASCII(American Standard code for Information Interchange) – 7 bit code

 EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) – 8 bit code

 Hollerith code
Error detecting and correcting codes
• Whenever a digital information is transmitted in a binary form from one

network or device to other network, there is a possibility of error to occur.


• This error means, the signal corresponding to 0 may change to 1 or vice

versa.
• There are codes which are used only to detect the error and are known as

error detecting codes


• codes which assist in detection and correction of errors are known as error

detecting and correcting codes.

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