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Lanm PPT

This document presents an overview of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method for solving ordinary differential equations numerically. It derives the 4th order RK formula and provides an example solving the ODE dy/dx = x^2 + y^2 from x=1 to x=1.05 using RK4. The example calculates the values of k1, k2, k3, k4 and uses them to find the solution y(1.05)=1.3326 in 3 sentences.

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satyakalavalapalli2005
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43 views7 pages

Lanm PPT

This document presents an overview of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method for solving ordinary differential equations numerically. It derives the 4th order RK formula and provides an example solving the ODE dy/dx = x^2 + y^2 from x=1 to x=1.05 using RK4. The example calculates the values of k1, k2, k3, k4 and uses them to find the solution y(1.05)=1.3326 in 3 sentences.

Uploaded by

satyakalavalapalli2005
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MALLA REDDY ENGINEERING

COLLEGE

LAMN PPT
PRESENTATION

4th Order Runge-Kutta Method


By J.RAMESH
23J41A6786
CSD-B
1
Derivation of 4th Order
Runge-Kutta Methods
Runge-Kutta
Second OrderFourthTaylor Order Method Formula
Series Expansion
The formula for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta
dy
method
Used toissolve
given by::
ODE  f ( x, y )
y1 = y0 + (⅙) (k1 +dx2k2 + 2k3 + k4)
Here, dy h 2 d 2 y 3
 yi  hy0) 
k1 y=i 1hf(x0, 2
 O (h )
dx 2 dx
k2 = hf[x0 + (½)h, y0 + (½)k1]
which is written as :
k3 = hf[x0 + (½)h, y0 + (½)k2]
k4 = hf(x0 + h, y0 + k3) h2 3
yi 1  yi  h f ( xi , yi )  f ' ( xi , yi )  O ( h )
2
2
Runge-Kutta RK4 Method Solved
Examples
Example 1:
Consider an ordinary differential equation
dy/dx = x2 + y2, y(1) = 1.2. Find y(1.05)
using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method.

Solution:
Given,
dy/dx = x2 + y2, y(1) = 1.2
So, f(x, y) = x2 + y2
x0 = 1 and y0 = 1.2
Also, h = 0.05
Let us calculate the values of k1, k2, k3 and
3
Runge-Kutta RK4 Method
Solved Examples
k1 = hf(x0, y0)
= (0.05) [x02 + y02]
= (0.05) [(1)2 + (1.2)2]
= (0.05) (1 + 1.44)
= (0.05)(2.44)
= 0.122
k2 = hf[x0 + (½)h, y0 + (½)k1]
= (0.05) [f(1 + 0.025, 1.2 + 0.061)] {since h/2 =
0.05/2 = 0.025 and k1/2 = 0.122/2 = 0.061}
= (0.05) [f(1.025, 1.261)]
= (0.05) [(1.025)2 + (1.261)2]
= (0.05) (1.051 + 1.590)
= (0.05)(2.641) 4

= 0.1320
Runge-Kutta RK4 Method Solved
Examples
k3 = hf[x0 + (½)h, y0 + (½)k2]
= (0.05) [f(1 + 0.025, 1.2 + 0.066)] {since h/2 =
0.05/2 = 0.025 and k2/2 = 0.132/2 = 0.066}
= (0.05) [f(1.025, 1.266)]
= (0.05) [(1.025)2 + (1.266)2]
= (0.05) (1.051 + 1.602)
= (0.05)(2.653)
= 0.1326
k4 = hf(x0 + h, y0 + k3)
= (0.05) [f(1 + 0.05, 1.2 + 0.1326)]
= (0.05) [f(1.05, 1.3326)]
= (0.05) [(1.05)2 + (1.3326)2]
= (0.05) (1.1025 + 1.7758)
= (0.05)(2.8783) 5
Runge-Kutta RK4 Method Solved
Examples
By RK4 method, we have;
y1 = y0 + (⅙) (k1 + 2k2 + 2k3 + k4)
y1 = y(1.05) = y0 + (⅙) (k1 + 2k2 + 2k3 +
k4)
By substituting the values of y0, k1, k2, k3
and k4, we get;
y(1.05) = 1.2 + (⅙) [0.122 + 2(0.1320) +
2(0.1326) + 0.1439]
= 1.2 + (⅙) (0.122 + 0.264 + 0.2652 +
0.1439)
= 1.2 + (⅙) (0.7951) 6

= 1.2 + 0.1325
THANK YOU
by J.RAMESH
23J41A6786
DS-B

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