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Laplace Transform

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39 views70 pages

Laplace Transform

Uploaded by

jangidraghav58
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Laplace Transform

BY Mrs. Shalini Walia


Department of Mathematics
Engg. College Ajmer
Integral transform
• Definition:-
Let f(t) be the function of the variable t, defined on (a, b) and K(s, t)
be a known function of s and t, where s is a real or complex
parameters independent of t, then the integral

is called the Integral transform of the function f(t) provided the


integral is convergent and is denoted by F(s)
Or it is also expressed as T {f(t), s}
Thus
• Kernel of the transform:-
The function K(s, t) used in the integrand of the integral in defining
the transform is called the kernel of the transform. The kernel is the function
of the parameter s and the variable t of integration.
Particular Cases of Integral transform:-
when the kernel K(s, t) is sum particular function, then the corresponding
transform is known by some particular name

(I) When
then the transform is known as Laplace Transform.

(II) When
then the transform is known as Fourier Transform.
Laplace Transform:-

Definition:
Let be a function defined for positive values of t
only. The Laplace transform is then given by

where the quantity is so chosen that the integral is convergent;


i.e. exists for some real or complex values of .
Laplace Transform of Derivatives:
Ex. Prove that L{H(t-𝑎)} 𝑎 >0

Sol. By definition,𝑎)=
Inverse Laplace Transform
Inverse Laplace Transform

Definition: If ,then is called an inverse Laplace transform of and is written


as

Table of Inverse Laplace Transform:

S.No.
1 1

2 t

3 , or
S.No.
4

10

11
S.No.
4

10

11
Ex.1:- If ,then find

Sol. Given
[By Change of Scale Property]

or
Now replacing ,we find
Exercise-I
Find the Inverse Laplace transform of the following functions:
9.
10.
11. 12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Inverse Laplace transform of Derivatives:
(I). If ,then or
(II). If ,then or n=1,2,3,…
Inverse Laplace transform of Integrals:-
If ,then
Multiplication by powers of (Multiplication Property):-
(I).If ,and ,than
(II).If ,and=,than
Division by powers of (Division Property):-
If ,then ,provided

Ex.: Find
Sol. We know that
By division property, we have

Again
Again =
Convolution Theorem for Laplace Transform:-
If and then

where is called the convolution of and


Exercise:II
Find the inverse Laplace transform of the following
Exercise:III
Use convolution theorem to find the inverse Laplace transform of the
following functions:
Applications of Laplace
Transform in Solving Differential Equations
Applications of Laplace Transform in Solving Differential Equations

Laplace transform technique is a very powerful tool to solve the Linear differential equations.

Solution of Ordinary Differential Equation with constant coefficients


The general form of the Ordinary Differential Equation with constant coefficients

…(1)

Where and are constants and is a function of independent variable t.


If suppose the initial conditions are …(2)
where are constants.

On taking the Laplace transform of both the sides of the equation (1) and using (2), its
algebraic equation is obtained which is called the subsidiary equation, from which is obtained in
terms of parameter , and then by taking inverse Laplace transform, the required solution may be
obtained.
Exercise
Use Laplace Transform technique to solve the
following DE(D=d/dt):-

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