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Microcontroller Based Temperature Sensing and Controlling System

This document describes a microcontroller-based temperature sensing and controlling system. The system uses an LM35 temperature sensor to sense temperature and an ATmega328 microcontroller to read the sensor output, display the temperature on an LCD screen, and control relays connected to heating and cooling devices to maintain a set temperature. Key components include an LM35 temperature sensor, ATmega328 microcontroller, LCD display, potentiometers for contrast and setpoint control, and relays to control heating and cooling devices. The system allows continuous monitoring and control of temperature for applications like industrial processes.

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Pooja Sri
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88 views

Microcontroller Based Temperature Sensing and Controlling System

This document describes a microcontroller-based temperature sensing and controlling system. The system uses an LM35 temperature sensor to sense temperature and an ATmega328 microcontroller to read the sensor output, display the temperature on an LCD screen, and control relays connected to heating and cooling devices to maintain a set temperature. Key components include an LM35 temperature sensor, ATmega328 microcontroller, LCD display, potentiometers for contrast and setpoint control, and relays to control heating and cooling devices. The system allows continuous monitoring and control of temperature for applications like industrial processes.

Uploaded by

Pooja Sri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women

(Deemed to be University under Category A‟ by MHRD, Estd. u/s 3 of UGC Act 1956)
Re-accredited with A+‟ Grade by NAAC Recognised by UGC under Section 12 B

MICROCONTROLLER BASED
TEMPERATURE SENSING AND
CONTROLLING SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
• The temperature monitoring and controlling system is an integrated device
that allow users to input specific requirement of temperature for any
environment say any industrial process.
• Monitoring and control of process parameters by embedded systems using
microcontrollers are very much effective in industrial and research oriented
requirements.
• The purpose of this system is to explore the possibility to continuously
monitor and control temperature.
• Microcontroller ATMega328 is used as the heart of this system which holds
the monitoring and controlling program
• LM35DZ temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature the
temperature is displayed on an LCD screen.
WORKING PRINCIPLE

• The circuit is based on LM35 analog temperature sensor and ATMega 328
microcontroller.
• For example, if the temperature is 38°C, the output voltage will be 38 x 10mV
= 380mV.
• ATMega 328 has an inbuilt ADC that is used to is used to convert the analog
output voltage of the LM35 to a proportional 10 bit digital value suitable for
the microcontroller.
• The microcontroller accepts the output of ADC, performs necessary
manipulations on it and displays it numerically on an LCD display.
• Output of the LM35 is connected to the analog input pin (pin 23) of the
microcontroller.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
FLOW CHART
CONSTRUCTION

• The setup for the Microcontroller based Temperature Sensing and


Controlling System is built up on a bread board.
• The required components are assembled and soldered in a general purpose
printed circuit board and the connections are made accordingly.
• A power supply of +5V DC for the microcontroller and operation of the
relays is used.
COMPONENTS
LM35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

• LM35 IC has been used for sensing the temperature.


• It is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with
an electrical output proportional to the temperature (in ̊ C ).
• The temperature can be measured with it more accurately than using a
thermistor.
SIGNAL CONDITIONING:

• ATmega 328 has an inbuilt ADC.


• Microcontroller is programmed to read data from LM35.
ATMEGA328 MICROCONTROLLER:

• The ATmega 328 microcontroller is the one of the top of the line in the 28-
pin ATmega x8 series.
• It has 32kB flash memory, 2kB RAM, and 1kB EEPROM. It can be
considered a step up from the ATmega8.
• It will run at 3.3V with a 16MHz crystal, although it is not recommended due
to the possibility of corrupting the EEPROM contents.
• Its maximum operating frequency is 20MHz.
LCD DISPLAY:

• Since the data from the microcontroller needs to be displayed a HD44780


based Liquid Crystal Display – JHD162A is used.
• The display section consists of 16*2 LCD, which is used to display the
temperature.
RELAYS:

• There are two relays connected.


• It operates in two modes-Normally Open (NO) and Normally Closed(NC).
• Different devices can be controlled i.e they can be turned on/off whenever
required.
• Two 5V relays are used to control the hardware for maintaining temperature
as set by the user, one for the heater and the other for the cooler.
POT FOR CONTRAST-CONTROL:

• The contrast in the LCD can be varied using a Pot on Pin of the LCD.
• It will be a adjustable screw
• This adjustable screw is used to adjust the brightness of the LCD screen.
POT FOR SETPOINT-CONTROL:

• Similar to the pot for contrast control of LCD, another 10k pot can be used
for adjusting the setpoint according to the user's requirement.
APPLICATION
• Temperature monitoring and controlling is done with the help of a
microcontroller and LM35DZ is the temperature sensor.
• The entire decision making is done with the help of a microcontroller
ATMega328.
• This type of system can be installed in any place where we need to maintain
temperature approximately constant.
• Also, by applying more sensors like light intensity sensor, barometer,
humidity sensor etc, more parameters like light, atmospheric pressure and
humidity etc can be monitored and controlled which are vital for any
industrial process.
• The system has various advantages over other similar systems such as cost-
effectiveness, smaller size, on-device display, less complexity and greater
THANK YOU

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