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    BLS2 Conference

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    kurt94764
    The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) including objectives, introduction, chain of survival, and steps for performing CPR and relieving choking for adults, children, and infants. It explains that BLS is a sequence of critical actions that must be performed within the first few minutes of an emergency to increase survival rates. Timely access to care, early CPR, defibrillation if needed, and advanced life support are key links in the chain of survival. The document reviews assessing responsiveness, activating emergency response, opening the airway, providing breaths, checking the pulse and compressions, relieving foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing high-quality CPR.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    BLS2 Conference

    Uploaded by

    kurt94764
    32 views39 pages
    The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) including objectives, introduction, chain of survival, and steps for performing CPR and relieving choking for adults, children, and infants. It explains that BLS is a sequence of critical actions that must be performed within the first few minutes of an emergency to increase survival rates. Timely access to care, early CPR, defibrillation if needed, and advanced life support are key links in the chain of survival. The document reviews assessing responsiveness, activating emergency response, opening the airway, providing breaths, checking the pulse and compressions, relieving foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing high-quality CPR.

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    The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) including objectives, introduction, chain of survival, and steps for performing CPR and relieving choking for adults, children, and infants. It explains that BLS is a sequence of critical actions that must be performed within the first few minutes of an emergency to increase survival rates. Timely access to care, early CPR, defibrillation if needed, and advanced life support are key links in the chain of survival. The document reviews assessing responsiveness, activating emergency response, opening the airway, providing breaths, checking the pulse and compressions, relieving foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing high-quality CPR.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    32 views39 pages

    BLS2 Conference

    Uploaded by

    kurt94764
    The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) including objectives, introduction, chain of survival, and steps for performing CPR and relieving choking for adults, children, and infants. It explains that BLS is a sequence of critical actions that must be performed within the first few minutes of an emergency to increase survival rates. Timely access to care, early CPR, defibrillation if needed, and advanced life support are key links in the chain of survival. The document reviews assessing responsiveness, activating emergency response, opening the airway, providing breaths, checking the pulse and compressions, relieving foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing high-quality CPR.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 39

    BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

    (BLS)

    Prepared and presented by


    Mohammad F. Deek
    Outline

    Objectives.
    Introduction.
    Chain of survival.
    Sequence of BLS.
    CPR basics for Adult.
    Adult Choking.
    CPR basics for Child.
    CPR basics for Infant.
    Infant Choking.
    Objectives

    In this session, you will be able to:

    Learn how you can save a life.


     Learn the skills of CPR for victims of all
    ages .
    Learn how to relieve choking (FBAO).
     Be able to recognize emergencies.
    Introduction

    BLS is a sequence of actions. These actions,


    taken during few the first minutes of an
    emergency, are critical to survive.

    Time is precious:
    At 4 minutes, brain damage begins.
    At 10 minutes, brain death is
    certain.
    Background
    BLS is a temporary measure to maintain
    ventilation and circulation.
    Effective compressions only provide 20 – 30%
    of the pre-arrest output.
    Aim of BLS:To provide adequate myocardial
    and cerebral oxygenation until defibrillation,
    persons trained in ACLS and equipments are
    available.
    Chain of Survival

    Highest potential survival rate from cardiac arrest can be


    achieved only when the following sequence of events
    occurs as rapidly as possible:
    early access.
    early CPR.
    early defibrillation.
    early ACLS.
    The Sequence of BLS

    1 •ASSESS Responsiveness

    •Activate Code
    2 Team(call:2038)

    3 •Perform CABDs
    CPR Basics For Adults
    Understanding the ABCDs of CPR

    CPR consists of 4 main parts:

     Circulation

     Airway

     Breathing

     Defibrillation
    C:Circulation

    Check for Pulse at the carotid artery.

    5 to 10 seconds
    How to locate the Carotid Pulse

    Step Action

    1 Maintain a head tilt with one hand on the victim’s


    forehead.
    2 Locate the trachea, using 2 or 3 fingers of the other
    hand.
    3 Slide these 2 or 3 fingers into the groove between the
    trachea and the muscles at the side of the neck,
    where you can feel the carotid pulse.

    4 Palpate the artery for at least 5 seconds and no


    more than 10 second.
    How to perform Chest Compressions
    Step Action
    1 Position yourself at the victim’s side.

    2 Make sure the victim is lying on his back on a firm, flat surface. If the
    victim is lying facedown, carefully roll him onto his back.
    3 Move or remove all clothing covering the victim’s chest. You need to
    be able to see the skin.
    4 Put the heel of one hand on the center of the victim’s bare chest
    between the nipples.(or 2.5cm of xyphoid)
    5 Put the heel of your other hand on the top of the first hand.
    6 Straighten your arms and position your shoulders directly over your
    hands.
    7 Push hard and fast, press down 4-5 cm with each compression.
    8 At the end of each compression, make sure you allow the chest to
    recoil or re-expand completely. Full chest recoil allows more blood to
    refill the heart between chest compressions.
    9 Deliver compressions in a smooth fashion at a rate of 100
    compression/ min.
    How to perform Chest Compressions
    A:Airway
    Open the airway:
    Look at the head, neck and
    chin position.
    Look in the mouth to see if
    there is an obstructing foreign
    body.

    Head tilt chin lift


    B:Breathing
    Check For Breathing: 5 to 10 seconds
    Look for chest rise and fall.
    Listen for air movement.
    Feel for breathing(breath
    against your skin) .

    Do not confuse agonal


    breathing with Normal breathing.
    B:Breathing
    If the victim is not breathing
    Give 2 breaths (1 second each).
    Artificial breathing:
    Mouth-to-mouth.
    Masks: mouth-to-mask.
    Bag-mask device.
    Observe for bilateral chest rise.
    B:Breathing
    Bag-Mask Ventilation
    Use the E-C clamp technique:
    Perform a head tilt.
    Use the thumb and index finger of one hand
    to make “C”,pressing the edges of the mask
    to the face.
    Use the remaining fingers to tilt the angles
    of the jaw (3 fingers form an “E”)and open
    the airway.
    Squeeze the bag to give breaths.
    B:Breathing
    Bag-Mask Ventilation

    Rescuer attempting 1-hand ‘ E-C technique’ 2 rescuers use of bag-valve mask


    D:Defibrillation
    If no pulse and cardiac
    monitor/defibrillator is available
    Defibrillator

    Rhythm
    VFib/VTach other than
    Vfib/VTach

    Perform Start chest Start chest


    defibrillation compression compression

    5 Cycles =2min (Then Recheck the pulse )


    Performance Guidelines
    Check for response
    • If there is no response, activate code
    blue(Call:2038)

    Open the airway


    • Head tilt-Chin lift
    Check for adequate breathing(take at
    least 5 sec and no more than 10 sec)
    • Look, listen, and feel
    If no adequate breathing, give 2 breaths
    • Make the chest rise Open airway
    Check pulse
    • Take at least 5 sec and no more than 10
    sec

    If no pulse, start cycles of 30


    compressions and 2 breaths:
    • 30 compressions(push hard, push fast)
    • Rate of 100 per minute
    • 2 breaths
    30 2
    Very Important
     After intubation; we can provide
    asynchronous ventilation and
    continuous compression, with a ratio
    of 100 compressions/min and 8-12
    breath/min.
    Avoid hyperventilation.
    Don’t pause compressions to
    provide breaths.
    Chest Compression Effectiveness
    Skill Why it is important
    Rescuers SHOULD push hard and Shallow chest compressions may not
    deep on the chest. produce adequate blood flow.

    Rescuers SHOULD compress at a This compression rate should produce


    rate of 100 times/ min. adequate blood flow and should
    improve survival.

    Rescuers SHOULD allow the chest Complete chest recoil maximizes


    to recoil completely after each refilling of the heart. This is necessary
    compression. for effective blood flow during chest
    compressions.
    Incomplete chest recoil will reduce the
    blood flow created by chest
    compressions.
    Rescuers SHOULD NOT interrupt When you are not compressing the
    chest compressions often or for chest, blood does not flow.
    long.
    Foreign Body Airway Obstruction(FBAO)
    {Choking}
    Severe or complete airway obstruction
    is an emergency that will result in death
    within minutes if not treated.

    An unresponsive victim can develop


    airway obstruction from intrinsic
    (tongue) and extrinsic (foreign body).
    How To Recognize Choking

    Poor or no air exchange.


    Weak, ineffective cough or no cough
    at all.
    High -pitched noise while inhaling or no
    noise at all.
    Increased respiratory difficulty.
    Possible cyanosis (turning blue).
    Unable to speak.
    Clutching the neck with the thumb and
    fingers, making the universal choking sign.
    Unable to move air.
    Conscious Choking
    Heimlich Maneuver
    Use abdominal thrusts (the
    Heimlich Maneuver) to relieve
    choking in adults.

    Give each individual thrust


    with the intent of relieving the
    obstruction. It may be
    necessary to repeat the thrust
    several times to clear the
    How To Perform Abdominal Thrusts
    {Heimlich Maneuver}
    Step Action

    1 Stand behind the victim.

    2 Make a fist with one hand.


    3 Place the thumb side of your fist against the victim’s
    abdomen, in the middle, slightly above the navel and below
    the breastbone.
    4 Grasp your fist with your other hand and press your fist into
    the victim’s upward thrust.
    5 Repeat thrusts until the object is expelled from the airway or
    the victim’s become unresponsive.
    6 Give each new thrust with a separate, distinct movement to
    relieve the obstruction.
    Very Important

    If you find a responsive choking


    victim lying down, Perform
    abdominal thrusts with the victim
    lying down.
    With one of your hands on top of
    the other, place the heel of your
    bottom hand on the upper
    abdomen below the rib cage and
    above the navel.
    Use your body weight to press
    into the victim's upper abdomen
    with a quick upward thrust.
    Repeat until object is expelled.
    Very Important

    Pregnant and Obese Victims:

    Perform chest thrusts instead of


    abdominal thrusts.
    Unconscious Choking
    If the adult victim is unresponsive:
    Activate code blue(Call 2038).
    Open the airway.
    Remove an object if you see it.
    Begin CPR.
    Child CPR
    Child CPR
    (1-8years or till adolescent)
    Steps Of Child CPR:
    Check for responsiveness.
    If no response and two rescuers are available,
    one should start CPR and the other should
    activate Code blue.
    If no response and one rescuer available,
    perform CPR for 5 cycles (2min), then activate
    Code blue.
    How to perform Child CPR
    Open the victim’s airway:
    Head tilt chin lift.
    Check for breathing
    Look, Listen and Feel{5-10sec}.
    If no breathing, give 2 breaths(make the chest rise).
    Check Circulation:
    Check Carotid Pulse {5-10sec}.
    If no pulse or heart rate is less than 60bpm with
    sign of poor perfusion, start chest compressions.
    Very Important
    Child chest compressions:
    One rescuer:30compressions and 2 breaths.
    Two rescuer:15compressions and 2 breaths.
    Rate of compressions: 100/min.
    Depth of compressions: press down1/3 to 1/2 the depth of
    the chest.
    Minimize interruptions in chest compressions(10sec).
    Allow full chest recoil between compressions.
    Infant CPR
    Infant CPR
    (Under 1 year of age)
    Steps Of Infant CPR:
    Check for responsiveness by tapping the
    infant’s foot.
    If no response and two rescuers are
    available , one should start CPR and the other
    should activate Code blue.
    If no response and one rescuer available,
    perform CPR for 5 cycles (2min), then activate
    Code blue.
    How to perform Infant CPR
    Open the victim’s airway:
    Head tilt chin lift.
    Check for breathing
    Look, Listen and Feel {5-10sec}.
    If no breathing, give 2breaths(make the chest rise).
    Check Circulation:
    Check Brachial Pulse {5-10sec}.
    If no pulse or heart rate is less than 60bpm with
    sign of poor perfusion, start chest compressions.
    Very Important
    Infant chest compressions:
    One rescuer:30compressions and 2 breaths.
    Rate of compressions: 100/min.
    Depth of compressions: press down1/3 to 1/2 the
    depth of the chest.
    Minimize interruptions in chest
    compressions(10sec).
    Allow full chest recoil between compressions.
    Perform chest compression with 2 thumb-encircling
    hands technique(Draw an imaginary line between
    nipples. Place 2 fingers on the breastbone just below
    Infant Choking
    Turn the baby facedown so it lies along your
    arm.
    Support the baby’s jaw with your hand.
    Lower your arm onto your thigh so that the
    baby’s head is lower than the chest.
    Use the heel of your other hand to strike the
    back 5 times firmly.
    Sandwich the baby between your forearms,
    support the head and then turn the baby onto its
    back.
    Put your index and middle fingers directly below
    the baby’s nipples, push down halfway(5times).
    If no response start CPR.
    Finally

    Ensure your skills are updated every year.

    Thank You
    For more details please contact me on:
    2434 or
    [email protected]
    Mohammed F Deek
    THANK
    YOU!!!

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