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Computer First Project

Aabiska Thapa, a class 11 student, summarized the five generations of computers in their project. The first generation used vacuum tubes which produced a lot of heat and consumed high electricity. The second generation used transistors which were cheaper and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits which reduced computational time and introduced mouse/keyboard. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits which led to more powerful and affordable personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, is based on artificial intelligence and uses parallel processing and modern languages like Python.

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38 views13 pages

Computer First Project

Aabiska Thapa, a class 11 student, summarized the five generations of computers in their project. The first generation used vacuum tubes which produced a lot of heat and consumed high electricity. The second generation used transistors which were cheaper and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits which reduced computational time and introduced mouse/keyboard. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits which led to more powerful and affordable personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, is based on artificial intelligence and uses parallel processing and modern languages like Python.

Uploaded by

supremepathak61
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 Name :Aabiska Thapa

 Class:11
 Generation of computer project
1>First generation of
computers
The vacuum tubes technology was used by the first generation of
the computers, which was invented by Lee De Forest in 1906. The
vacuum tube inventor named Lee De Forest, was an electrical
engineer. For the memory and taking up the big rooms, the vacuum
tubes were used on the first generation of a computer for the
magnetic drums and the circuitry. It produced a large amount of heat
and was very costly to operate also, it consumed high electricity .
They are basically based on vacuum tubes, and vacuum tubes are
used as the basic components for memory and circuitry for CPU
(Central Processing Unit).
2> second generation of computer

The period of second generation was from 1959-1965. In this


generation, transistors were used that were cheaper, consumed less
power, more compact in size, more reliable and faster than the first
generation machines made of vacuum tubes. In this generation,
magnetic cores were used as the primary memory and magnetic
tape and magnetic disks as secondary storage devices . The second
generation of computers consists of two types of devices
transistors and magnetic core. For e.g., IBM 1401, IBM 1920, etc.
3>Third generation of computer
Third generation computers are advance from first and second generation computers. The
third generation computer was started in 1965 and ended around 1971. Third generation
computers start using integrated circuits instead of transistors. The integrated circuit (IC)
is a semiconductor material, that contains thousands of transistors miniaturized in it. The
third generation computers reduce the computational time. In the previous generation, the
computational time was microsecond which was decreased to the nanosecond. In this
generation, punch cards were replaced by mouse and keyboard. Also, multiprogramming
operating systems, time-sharing, and remote processing were introduced in this
generation. The high level programming language such as BASIC, PASCAL, ALGOL-
68, COBOL, FORTRAN – II was used in third generation computers.
4>fourth generation of computer

The period of fourth generation was from 1971-1980. Computers of fourth generation
used Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having about 5000
transistors and other circuit elements with their associated circuits on a single chip
made it possible to have microcomputers of fourth generation.
Fourth generation computers became more powerful, compact, reliable, and
affordable. As a result, it gave rise to Personal Computer (PC) revolution. In this
generation, time sharing, real time networks, distributed operating system were used.
All the high-level languages like C, C++, DBASE etc., were used in this generation.
5>Fifth generation of comnputer
Fifth-generation computers were introduced after the fourth-generation computers
were invented. Fifth-generation computers, also known as modern computers, are still
in the development stage and are based on artificial intelligence. In 1982, Japan was
invented the FGCS (Fifth Generation Computer System). Computers of this
generation are based on microelectronic technology with high computing power and
parallel processing.
This is the most recent and technologically advanced computer generation. Modern
high-level languages such as Python, R, C#, Java, and others are used as input
methods. These are incredibly dependable and use the Ultra Large Scale Integration
(ULSI) technology. War. Parallel processing hardware and artificial intelligence
software are used in computers.
Any question
Thank you

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