Access and Use Internet

INTERNET
Definition, use, and basic terminologies of Internet

 The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide

system of computer networks - a network of networks
 It is composed of many interconnected computer networks.
 Each network may link thousands of computers enabling them to
share information.
 The internet has developed to give many benefits to mankind. The
access to information is one of the most important.
 Student can now have access to libraries around the world.
 Some charge a fee but most provide free services.
 Before students had to spend hours and hours in the libraries but
now at the touch of a button students have a huge database in front
of them
 Basic Internet Terms and Terminology

Here is a look at the important word of the world of Internet.

 Internet Service Provider: A company, which provides users with
an access to the Internet, is known as an Internet service provider or
Internet access provider.
 IP Address: It is a way of numerically identifying an entity on a
computer network. The original addressing system known as IPv4,
used 32 bit addresses. With the growth of the Internet, IPv6 came to
be used wherein the addresses are composed of 128 bits.
 Cyberspace: This term is used to refer to the computer networks
connected to each other and the content they host. It is often used
to refer to the Internet.
 WWW: It is a collection of interlinked documents that are
accessible over the Internet. It consists of millions of web pages
that contain text, images, voice and videos.
 Website: A website is a set of web pages consisting of text, audio
and video. Web servers host websites.
 URL: It specifies the location of a resource on the Internet. It
consists of the basic address and path.
 Web Page: Web pages are resources of information. They are
generally created in the HTML format and provide the web users
with navigational abilities through hyperlinks to other web pages on
the web.
 Home Page: The term home page is used to refer to the page that is
the default page of any website. It is the main page of a complex
website.
 Web Browser: A web browser is a software application that facilitates
user interaction with the text, audio, video and other information that
is located on the web.
 Cache: Web browsers maintain a cache of recently visited web pages.
Some of them use an external proxy web cache, which is a server
program through which web requests pass. This enables the browsers
to cache frequently visited pages.
 HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol, abbreviated as HTTP, is a
communications protocol used for the transfer of information over the
Internet. A client makes an HTTP request using a web browser to
which an HTTP response is sent from the server.
 Web Cookie: Also known as an HTTP cookie, it is piece of text that
is exchanged between the web client and the web server. It is sent by
the web server to the web client and returned unchanged by the
client each time it accesses the server.
 Session: It is an exchange of information between a computer and its
user. It is established for a certain period of time after which it ends.
 Hyperlink: A reference in a document to another section of the
document or to another document is termed as a hyperlink.
Hyperlinks are used to redirect the user from one section of a page
content to another.
 Internet Security: Internet Privacy relates to safeguarding
the privacy of the web users and the sensitive information on
the web from hackers and stalkers.
 Email: It is a store-and-forward method of writing, sending
and receiving written messages.
 Email Address: It identifies the network location to which an
email can be delivered. An email address is a combination of
the username of the mail user and the host name of the mailing
system. It is of the form, ‘username@domain-name’.
 Spamming: The act of sending unwanted bulk messages over an
email system is known as spamming. It is an undesirable use of the
electronic messaging systems.
 Phishing: It is a fraudulent activity of acquiring the sensitive
information by the use of a fake identity during electronic
communication.
 Hacking: Hacking is the activity of programmatically gaining access
to a computer application that is otherwise inaccessible. The act of
gaining an unauthorized access to a computer is known as hacking.
 Email Virus: It is a computer code that is transmitted through an
email in the form of an attachment. The email attachment causes
the destruction of some of the files on the receiver computer’s
hard disk.
 Internet Bookmark: The Internet browsers of the modern times
aim at enabling the users to organize the web pages they access.
Links once visited can be saved in the favorites or preferences
categories.
 Web Directories: It is a directory, which links to other websites
and organizes those links.
 Makeup and structure of web addresses
Web Sites and URLs
 A Web site is simply data that is stored on a WWW server and
which can be freely accessed by people 'surfing the Net’.
 For instance Microsoft have their own Web site from which you can
download information and software.
 The trouble is that you have to know the address of the Web site.
 If you wish to use your Web browser to visit the Microsoft Web site
you would have to use the URL:
http://www.microsoft.com
Encryption:
 With public key encryption there are two keys, one public and
the other private.
 The public key needs to be known. To send a message to a
friend, you use her or his public key to encrypt the message.
Your friend then uses her or his private key to decode the
message after receiving it.
Inappropriate Business Practices
 It is common to find advertising, marketing, and commercial
activities readily available on the World Wide Web, and most of
is done in a responsible manner.
 The Different Types of Search Engines
List of Top 10 Most Popular Search Engines In the World (Updated 2019)
 Google.
 Bing.
 Yahoo.
 Ask.com.
 AOL.com.
 Baidu.
 Wolframalpha.
 DuckDuckGo.
 Internet Browsers
There were several web browsers that we can use to search from the web.
Let’s take a look at some of it
 Google Chrome
 Mozilla Firefox
 Opera Web Browser
 Safari Web Browser
 Internet Explorer
 Slimjet Browser
 SlimBrowser
 Netscape Browser
 UC Browser
 What do the different terms mean?
Different browsers use different terms, but here are some terms and options you
may find:
 Zones - Your browser may give you the option of putting web sites into
different segments, or zones, and allow you to define different security
restrictions for each zone.
For example, Internet Explorer identifies the following zones:
 Internet - This is the general zone for all public web sites. When you browse the
internet, the settings for this zone are automatically applied to the sites you visit.
 Local intranet - If you are in an office setting that has its own intranet, this zone
contains those internal pages. Because the web content is maintained on an
internal web server.
 Restricted sites - If there are particular sites you think might not be safe,
you can identify them and define heightened security settings. Because
the security settings may not be enough to protect you, the best
precaution is to avoid navigating to any sites that make you question
whether or not they're safe.
 Manage cookies - You can disable, restrict, or allow cookies as
appropriate. Generally, it is best to disable cookies and then enable them
if you visit a site you trust that requires them.
 Block pop-up windows - Although turning this feature on could restrict
the functionality of certain web sites, it will also minimize the number of
pop-up ads you receive, some of which may be malicious.
Practical exercises
 Entering URL and typing a keyword on the search bar
 Searching a data on the internet, copying and editing a data on
Microsoft word
 Clear browsing data/ Deleting cookies and caches
 Loading Images
 Saving a page
 Viewing and deleting a history
 Viewing and deleting a downloaded file
 Downloading a software
 Creating an email address and sending a text/file via email.
 Blocking a site
 Bookmarking /add to favorite
 Change The home page of your browser
 Adjust your browser display/view Mode
 Modify your Browser Toolbar
 Downloading a tutorial video /
 Modifying page set up options and printing information
 And more.