NANOROBOTICS
AND ITS APPLICATION IN MEDICINE
Faculty : Dr. Kartik Rao Presented by: INZAMAM UL HAQUE
REG NO: 21BMR10026
CONTENTS:
Introduction to Robots
Robotics
Nanotechnology
Nanorobotics
Nanorobots
Types of making Nanorobots
Applications
Replacement of heart bypass surgery by Nanorobots
ROBOTS:
It is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent usually an
electromechanical machine that is guided by computer
program or electronic circuitry.
Examples: ASIMO , TOPIO, Nanorobots, Swarm robots
and Industrial robots.
Types:
1. Mobile robots 2. Rolling robots
3. Walking robots 4.Stationary robots
5. Autonomous robots 6. Beam robots
7. Virtual robots 8. Remote control robots
ROBOTICS:
It deals with design, construction, operation and
application of robots and computer systems for their
control, sensory feedback and information processing.
These technologies deal with automated machines that
can take place of humans in hazardous or manufacturing
processes.
Today, robotics is rapidly growing field, as we continue to
research, design, and build new robots that serve various
practical purpose.
“THE NEXT BIG THING
IS VERY SMALL”
NANOTECHNOLOGY:
It is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and
molecular scale.
It works with materials, devices and other structures
with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100
nanometers.
With a variety of potential applications,
nanotechnology is a key technology for the future.
NANOROBOTICS:
It is the emerging technology field creating machines or robots whose
components are at or close to the scale of a nanometer (10-9 meters).
Nanorobotics refers to the nanotechnology engineering discipline of
designing and building nanorobots, with devices ranging in size from 0.1–
10 micrometers and constructed of nanoscale or molecular components.
Other names: nanobots, nanoids, nanites, nano-machines , nanomites
NANOROBOTS:
One of the most advanced forms of nano-medicine is
nanorobots. Nanorobots are microscopic devices
measured on the scale of nanometers.
Fig: A design of nanorobot
with sensors, molecular
sorting rotors and fins
SENSORS:
A sensor (also called detector) is a converter that measures
a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read
by an observer or by an (mostly electronic) instrument.
Molecular sorting rotor:
A class of nanomechanical device capable of selectively binding
(or releasing) molecules from/ to solution, and of transporting
these bound molecules against significant concentration gradients.
Fins:
A fin is a surface used for stability and/or to produce lift and
thrust or to steer while traveling in water, air, or other fluid media.
TYPES OF MAKING NANOROBOTS:
1. Nubots
2. Bacteria based
3. Biochip
4. Surface Bound system
5. Positional Nano Assembly
6. Virus based
7. Open Nanotechnology
APPLICATIONS:
Atomic force microscope
Nano macro/microscale robots
Nanomachines
Toxicity detectors
Single molecule car
Nubots
Medicine
Dentistry
Diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes
REPLACEMENT OF
HEART BYPASS SURGERY
BY
NANOROBOTS
INTRODUCTION TO HEART BYPASS SURGERY:
• It reroutes the blood supply around clogged arteries to improve
blood flow and oxygen to the heart.
• It involves an incision in the middle of the chest and separation
of the breastbone and detouring ,the breastbone is joined using
wire and the incision sewed.
Side effects of normal heart bypass surgery:
1.loss of appetite, constipation
2.swelling in the area from which the segment of
blood vessel was removed
3.fatigue,mood swings, feelings of depression,
difficulty sleeping
4.muscle pain or tightness in the shoulders and upper
back
PROPERTIES OF NANOROBOT USED:
It has 2 spaces-interior and exterior
An electric motor is attached for it’s propagation inside
the circulatory system in the blood vessels
The microprocessor, artery thermometer, camera, rotating
needle are incorporated
The microprocessor based control unit is used to control
the overall operations of nanorobot
Radioactive material is used as a part of exterior surface,
which helps to nanorobot at any period of time
Magnetic switch is used to provide to switch on and off
nanorobot at any point of time
Introduction of nanorobot into human
body:
The nanorobot gets access into the
body through a large diameter artery
so that it may be without being
too destructive in the first place.
Fig. The robot swims through the arteries
and using a pair of tail appendages
Driving of nanorobot to the site of plaque:
•Long range sensors are used to allow
the machine to navigate to the site of
the plaque closely enough so that the
use of short range sensors is practical
•These are used during actual
operations, to allow the device to
distinguish between healthy and
unwanted tissue
•Long-range sensor-Radioactive dye
•Short-range sensors-Arterial
thermometer Fig: Nanorobot detecting
•Device for monitoring the whole the site of plaque
operation-TV camera
Source of power and means of recovery:
• The nuclear power is carried onboard to supply required
amount of energy for the operation of the device
• After the nanorobot has removed the plaque, and its function
is over, it has to be removed from the body. This can be made
possible by guiding the nanorobot to anchor a blood vessel that
is easily accessible from outside, and perform a small surgical
operation to remove it.
Fig. Removal of nanorobot
From the body
CONCLUSION:
From this we conclude that, NANOROBOTICS is one of the emerging
fields in technology and robotics.
Nanorobotics is the technology of creating machines or robots at or
close to the scale of a nanometer (10-9 meters).
More specifically, nanorobotics refers to the still largely theoretical
nanotechnology engineering discipline of designing and building
nanorobots.
Nanorobots (nanobots or nanoids) are typically devices constructed of
nanoscale or molecular components.
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Publishing Group
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[Online]Available:
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[Online]Available:http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/story/2009/01/07/nanomedicine.html
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[Online]Available:
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Thank You!!
