MACHINE TO MACHINE (M2M) AND INTERNET

OF THINGS
Understanding M2M
• In the context of the Internet of Things
(IoT), it refers to the direct communication
and data exchange that happens between
connected devices and machines with
little or no human involvement.
• It is the direct communication between
devices.
• Is a brand label that can be used to
describe any technology that enables
networked devices to exchange
information and perform actions without
the manual assistance of humans.
• The communication can be wireless or
wired.
HOW M2M WORKS:
How it works contd…
 The main components of a M2M system

• It is made of sensors, WIFI or cellular communications link and autonomic computing

software programmed to help a network interpret data and make decisions.
• Sensors installed in one of the machines send a stream of data which will be transmitted
either via a telephone line, communication satellites, Ethernet cables or cellular network.
• The transmitted data requires the use of a gateway which will receive the data, convert it and
send it to the network operation center.
• When the data arrives at the other machine (response machine), it will show up in some
software which will be used to assess the received data.
• An automated decision/response will be sent back to to the initial machine telling it what to
do next.
APPLICATIONS OF M2M:
ATM MACHINES VENDING MACHINES

EMERGENCY PUBLIC
CALL TRANSPORT
NAVIGATION

INDUSTRIAL
FLEET TRACKING
TELEMETRY

SMART
METERING OF
WATER
Advantages of M2M
Disadvantages of M2M
• It is designed and optimized for small number of networks devices
• It requires availability of constant internet connection with
reasonable speed
• Use of cloud computing in m2m means dependence on others which
could limit flexibility and innovation
M2M IN 2010
Evolution of machine-to-machine solutions based on analog connectivity had
reached its prime by 2010 and the technology was ready for a digital
revolution.
The basic device connectivity principles remain the same but the technology
is a lot more evolved.
Cloud computing became prime time in 2012, which contributed significantly
to the feasibility of today’s IoT solutions.
2013 and 2014 were the launch years for sensor-based IoT devices like
thermostats and home lighting
 M2M AND IOT
They have similar objectives about connecting smart devices without or with the least human
involvement for capturing and transmitting the data and remote monitoring.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN M2M AND IOT:
M2M IOT
Deployed in a closed system. Connects to a larger network.

Traditional protocols and communication Internet protocols are used such

technology techniques are used. as HTTP, FTP, and Telnet.
Data is shared with only the Data is shared between other applications
communicating parties. that are used to improve the end-user
experience.
Devices are not dependent on the Internet. Internet connection is required for
communication.
It supports point-to-point communication. It supports cloud communication.

Business 2 Business (B2B). Business 2 Business(B2B) and Business 2

Consumer(B2C).
There is no support for Open APIS Supports Open API integrations.

Main purpose is to monitor and control. Multiple applications and multilevel

communications.
CONTINUED
M2M IOT

Operates via triggered responses based on Can, but does not have to operate on
an action. triggered responses.

Limited integration options, devices must Unlimited integration options, but requires
have complementary communication software that manages
standards. communications/protocols.
HOW WE MIGRATED FROM M2M TO
IOT:
• In contrast to M2M systems, where limited numbers of devices communicate between fixed endpoints, IoT

can involve massively greater numbers of intelligent devices, all of which can exchange data with each other

and with a central server.

• The result is a greater volume of data that can be analyzed to better identify potential problems and

opportunities.

• M2M solutions typically use purpose-built infrastructure and are focused on maximizing efficiency for specific

functions like power grid control and remote meter readings.

• IoT solutions, on the other hand, can perform the same tasks with open-source tools and existing

infrastructure such as mobile networks and cloud-based applications, they achieve more with less.

• Many energy companies have embraced the IoT concept and started using the same established

communication networks for different applications such as smart metering, smart grid and street lighting.
• An IoT system typically connects to a more extensive network that can give devices more power and sophistication

(cloud-networking) where as M2M require a direct connection between any two devices (point-to-point).

• The IoT is a network infrastructure by which advanced tools and sensors collect data from various sources to make

your life easier, in contrast, M2M networks primarily target single devices using short-range communication.

• Since IoT is designed to connect "things," it's scaled with greater agility than M2M. This is because individual

devices are often integrated into pre-existing systems.

• M2M networks are normally designed for small-scale projects, don't scale quickly and—since they lack Internet

connectivity—can be challenging to integrate into existing systems.

• M2M communication doesn't share data with applications. It just takes measurements and collects data.

• However, IoT devices collect data from multiple machines, apps, and systems to share with other methods for a

more efficient overall experience.

Lets see the migration process using
these examples
1. Scale and connectivity: In point-to-point or local network configurations, a
small number of devices generally engage in M2M communication. IoT, on
the other hand, places an emphasis on connection on a larger scale,
allowing devices to connect to the internet and communicate with a variety
of other devices all over the world. Due to the highly linked ecosystem of
gadgets made possible by this, data exchange and teamwork are now
possible on a far bigger scale.
2. Internet Integration: Unlike IoT devices, which are built to connect to the
internet and use common internet protocols like TCP/IP, M2M
communication frequently takes place behind closed networks or
proprietary protocols. IoT devices may access cloud-based services,
connect with remote systems, and use the internet's capacity for data
storage, processing, and analysis thanks to this integration with the
internet.
The Combination of M2M and IOT
• The combination of M2M communication and IoT has resulted in numerous applications and advancements across
various industries such as: smart homes, smart cities, smart farming, smart grids (e.g for power generation), health
monitoring, smart retail ( use of mart trolleys), industrial automation through use of sensors.
• Their relation brought several advantages in the modern industries such as sustainable practices and resource
optimization (smart agriculture reduces water wastage), improved safety and security ( use of smart cities enabled real
time monitoring of public for safety), data driven decision making that enabled predictive maintenance ( use of sensors
on industrial machines enables predictive analytics and identifying potential maintenance issues before they result in
costly breakdowns), and automation and efficiency through the elimination of human labor to reduce error.