GENERATOR SEAL
OIL SYSTEM
BY
SANDEEP KUMAR
SARANGI
TG MAINTENANCE
FUNCTION OF GENERATOR SEAL OIL
SYSTEM
The generator requires cooling to dissipate the heat that it
generates. Seal oil Provide a seal between the generator housings
and rotor shaft to maintain the pressurized hydrogen gas inside
the generator and prevent the hydrogen gas from escaping from
the generator to the atmosphere.
Because Hydrogen gas is highly flammable and will burn in air at
a very wide range of concentrations between 4% and 75% by
volume. The mixtures spontaneously detonate by spark. The
hydrogen auto ignition at the temperature of spontaneous
ignition in air, is 500 °C.
Hydrogen gas is used for cooling because it has the highest
known heat transfer rate of any gas and Light in weight, which
reduces windage losses and its dew point is-259.14 °C.
TYPES OF GENERATOR SEALING
Hydrogen is sealed from the outer atmosphere using
pressurized oil
This acts as the sealing media between the static
casing and rotating shaft of a generator at the two ends
Depending on their construction they can be
distinguished into two types
Axial seals
Radial seals
GENERATOR SEALING
In Radial Seals Seal oil flow
Air Hydrogen
radially towards the shaft
ROTOR
Seal Seal Ring
Surface Seal oil
In axial seals oil flow axially
Air Hydrogen
towards an integral collar on
the rotor shaft ROTOR
Seal housing is pressed
Seal oil Seal
against the collar by spring Surface
Collar
`
SEAL OIL
B.C. EXHAUST FAN-1 RING RELIEF OIL
TO
ATMOSPHERE
B.C. EXHAUST FAN-2
GENERATOR
DPR DPR
OIL TRAP
SOST
DRAIN
LUB OIL RETURN HEADER
W FILTERS
IOT
O
T
SOVP-A
VACUUM
TANK
SOVP-B COOLERS
DC SOP
SOP-1 SOP-2
. . .
Main component of seal oil system:-
• Seal Oil Storage Tank
• Seal oil pump
• Intermediate tank
• Vacuum tank
• Vacuum pump
• Oil cooler
• Duplex filter
• Vapour Exhauster
AC SEAL OIL DC SEAL OIL
PUMP PUMP
SEAL OIL
VAC. PUMP
Seal Oil Storage Tank
The bearing oil which flows through the seal oil
storage tank mixes with the seal oil and contains small
amounts of hydrogen gas escaping from the generator.
The oil settles in the seal oil storage tank and degases
due to the sub atmospheric pressure conditions. The
seal oil storage tank is connected to the bearing
vapour exhausters to continuous venting.
SEAL OIL PUMP:-
Seal oil pumps are used to draw the oil from seal oil
vacuum tank and supply to the shaft seals via coolers
and filters in a closed circuit.
The seal oil pumps are three-screw pumps. One
double-thread driving rotor and two driven idler
screws are closely, meshed and run with a close
clearance in the casing insert. The pump casing
accommodates the casing insert and is closed off
by covers at the drive end and non drive end.
Seal oil pumps Standard Emergency
Number : 2 Nos. AC 1 No. DC
Capacity LPH 200 200
Kg/cm2(g)
Discharge pressure 12 12
Shut off head Mwc 140 140
Pump motor
KW rating KW 7.5 11
Voltage rating Volts 415 volts 220 volts
INTERMEDIATE TANK:-
In this tank the seal oil drained from hydrogen side of the shaft
seal via generator prechambers where escape of entrained gas
bubbles and defoaming of the oil. The function of this tank to
prevents the ingress of hydrogen in to the vacuum tank. A float
valve keeps the oil level in this tank a predetermine level.
Vacuum tank:-
The oil from the intermediate
tank is flow into the vacuum
tank together with the seal
VACCUM
oil drained from the air side TANK
of the shaft seal via a float
valve. In this tank vacuum
establishes by vacuum pump
which removes entrained air
bubbles from the seal oil.
The seal oil supplied to the INTERMIDIATE
TANK
shaft seals by the seal oil
pumps in thus largely free of
gas which prevents a
deterioration of the hydrogen
purity in the generator.
Seal Oil Filters
The seal oil filters are of magnetic
strainer type, the magnetic strainer
consists of the filter housing with a
filtering cage and the filter cover.
The filtering cage consists of fine-
mesh wire cloth with support
strainers on both sides and the
magnet bars. The seal oil entering
the filter must first passes through
the magnetic field set up by the 1. Changeover Lever
magnet bars so that aII iron particles 2. Vent
3. Filter housing with strainer wit
contained in the seal oil are attracted magnetic
bars
by the magnet bars. The seal oil then 4. Drain
flows through the fine mesh wire 5. Pressure Equalizing Valve
6. Differential Pressure Indicator
cloth which retains all dirt particles
containing no iron .
Magnetic Bar
VAPOR EXHAUSTER
The vapor exhauster establishes
a vacuum in the generator
bearing compartments and seal
oil storage tank which prevents
the escape of oil vapor from the
bearing compartments along the
shaft. In addition, the vapor
exhauster draws off any 1. Drive motor
hydrogen gas which may be 2. Regreasing device
admitted into the bearing 3. Suction branch
4. Delivery branch
compartments in the event of a
shaft seal failure.
Vapour Extraction Unit
Type --- Radial Fan
Capacity Cu M/hr. 360
Motor size KW 0.75
Quantity of Vapour Extraction
No. 2 X 100%
Units
Gas System
Volume of H2 space in
Cu.M 82
generator
Cooling gas flow Cu.M/hr. 33
Purity of H2 required
Normal % 98
Minimum % 96
Seal Oil Coolers
The seal oil coolers are
multiple-pass heat
exchangers with bare
tubes. The seal oil
circulates through the
coolers outside of the
tubes with shell baffles
1. Deflection Chamber
directing the fluid in 2. Seal
crossflow. The cooling 3. Screw union
4. Tube bundle
water flows through the
5. Shell
tubes. 6. Cooler Foot
SEAL OIL VACCUM PUMP
A vacuum pump establishes a vacuum in the Vacuum
tank and draws off the air released from the oil.
The vacuum pump is of oil-sealed rotary sliding vane
type.
Technical Data
Displacement - 70 Litrs/Min
Ultimate vacuum - 0.2 mm/Hg
Oil temp. - 850C (max.)
Motor rating - 0.37 KW
Power supply - 415 volt,3Æ,50 HZ
Operating and Setting Values
SEAL OIL PRESSURE REGULATION
Oil pressures which exceed the generator gas
pressure are required to ensure proper functioning
of the shaft seals. The seal oil pressure is controlled
in two stages.
1. Seal Oil Pressure Regulation Downstream of the
Seal Oil Pumps(CONSTANT PRESSURE
CONTROLLER)
2. Seal Oil Pressure Regulation Upstream of the
Shaft Seals(DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
CONTROLER)
CONSTANT PRESSURE CONTROLLER
1. Valve disc
2. Valve seat
3. Valve steam
4. Spring retainer for set-point
adjustment
5. Relief bellows
6. Compression springs
7. Actuating rod
8. Working diaphragm
9. Vent
10. Signal line
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE CONTROL
VALVE
1. Valve housing
2. Valve cone
3. Relief bellows
4. Interseal
5. Union nut
6. Diaphragm housing
7. Impulse connection (-),
housing pressure
8. Working diaphragm
9. Impulse connection (+), seal
oil pressure
10. Adjusting spring
11. Adjusting nut for limit
reference value
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE
H2 DRAIN SIGNAL SIDE
SO SUPPLY SIGNAL OIL
SHAFT SEAL
Description of Shaft Seal
With this type of shaft seal, the escape of hydrogen between the
rotating shaft and the housing is prevented by maintaining a
continuous film of oil between the shaft and a non-rotating floating
seal ring. To accomplish this, seal oil is fed to the seal ring in a closed
circuit at a pressure which is slightly higher(0.8 to 1.5 bar) than the
hydrogen pressure. In addition, the air side seal ring is supplied with
jacking
( ring relief) oil to assure free axial movement.
The two halves of the babbitted seal ring float on the shaft journal
with a small clearance and are guided in axial direction by a divided
seal ring carrier resistant to distortion and bending. The seal ring is
relatively free to move in the radial direction, but is restrained from
rotating by use of a pin. The seal ring carrier, bolted to the end
shield, is insulated to prevent the flow of shaft currents. The seal oil
is admitted into the annular groove of the seal ring via passages in
the seal ring carrier and seal ring. A continuous film of oil is
maintained between the shaft and seal ring.
Seal ring carrier
End shield
Insulation Seal ring
Inner labyrinth
ring
Shaft
Oil wiper air side
Annular groove for
pressure oil
Oil wiper H2 side Seal ring inlet
bore
1. End shield bearing (top section)
2. Shaft seal insulation
3. Seal ring
4. Antirotation device
5. Joint
6. Thrust bolt for seal
7. Seal ring carrier (bottom section)
8. Rotor shaft
9. Bearing shell support
SEAL RINGS
SEAL OIL INLET BORE
Ring relief supply
hole
Seal oil supply hole
THANK YOU
