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Network Models and Formulating Network Models

The document discusses formulating network models to represent project scheduling. It describes representing activities as nodes in a graph and their relationships as connections between nodes. There are rules for constructing these networks, such as having a single starting and ending node, nodes representing activity durations while connections have no duration, and time flowing from left to right in the network. Loops and dangling activities are errors. Lagged activities, where some activities can occur in parallel with a time lag, are represented with durations on connecting arrows.

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866 views

Network Models and Formulating Network Models

The document discusses formulating network models to represent project scheduling. It describes representing activities as nodes in a graph and their relationships as connections between nodes. There are rules for constructing these networks, such as having a single starting and ending node, nodes representing activity durations while connections have no duration, and time flowing from left to right in the network. Loops and dangling activities are errors. Lagged activities, where some activities can occur in parallel with a time lag, are represented with durations on connecting arrows.

Uploaded by

kishorerajan777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORK MODEL AND

FORMULATING NETWORK
MODEL

Kishore Rajan R
1
NETWORK PLANNING MODELS

• THESE PROJECT SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES MODEL THE


PROJECT'S ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS AS A
NETWORK. IN THE
NETWORK, TIME FLOWS FROM LEFT TO RIGHT
• THE TWO BEST KNOWN BEING CPM (CRITICAL PATH
METHOD) AND PERT (PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW
TECHNIQUE).

2
FORMULATING A NETWORK
MODEL
• The first stage in creating a network model is to represent the
activities and their interrelationships as a graph.

• In activity-on-node we do this by representing activities as


nodes (boxes) in the graph - the lines between nodes
represent dependencies.

• an activity-on-arrow approach to visualizing the project


as a network where activities are drawn as arrows joining
circles, or nodes, which represent the possible start and/or
completion of an activity or set of activities

3
CONSTRUCTING PRECEDENCE
NETWORKS
• RULES FOR NETWORKS CONSTRUCTION
1. PROJECT NETWORK SHOULD HAVE ONLY ONE START NODE
2. A PROJECT NETWORK SHOULD HAVE ONLY ONE END NODE
3. NODE HAS DURATION: A NODE REPRESENTS AN ACTIVITY AND,
IN GENERAL, ACTIVITIES TAKE TIME TO EXECUTE
4. LINKS NORMALLY HAVE NO DURATION: LINKS REPRESENT THE
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ACTIVITIES. IN FIGURE 6.9
INSTALLATION CANNOT START UNTIL PROGRAM TESTING IS
COMPLETE.
5. PRECEDENTS ARE THE IMMEDIATE PRECEDING ACTIVITIES : IN
FIGURE 6.9, THE ACTIVITY 'PROGRAM TEST' CANNOT START UNTIL
BOTH 'CODE' AND 'DATA TAKE-ON' HAVE BEEN COMPLETED AND
ACTIVITY 'INSTALL' CANNOT START UNTIL 'PROGRAM TEST' HAS
FINISHED. 4
• RULES FOR NETWORKS CONSTRUCTION(CONT.)
6. TIME MOVES FROM LEFT TO RIGHT: IF AT ALL
POSSIBLE, NETWORKS ARE DRAWN SO THAT TIME
MOVES FROM LEFT TO RIGHT.
7. A NETWORK MAY NOT CONTAIN LOOPS: FIGURE 6.10
DEMONSTRATES A LOOP IN A NETWORK. A LOOP IS AN
ERROR IN THAT IT REPRESENTS A SITUATION THAT
CANNOT OCCUR IN PRACTICE.
8. A NETWORK SHOULD NOT CONTAIN DANGLES: A
DANGLING ACTIVITY SUCH AS 'WRITE USER MANUAL'
IN FIGURE 6.11 SHOULD NOT EXIST AS IT IS LIKELY TO
LEAD TO ERRORS IN SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS.

5
6
LAGGED ACTIVITIES
• WHERE ACTIVITIES CAN OCCUR IN PARALLEL WITH A
TIME LAG BETWEEN THEM, WE REPRESENT THE LAG
WITH A DURATION ON THE LINKING ARROW AS SHOWN IN
FIGURE 6.13.
• THIS INDICATES THAT DOCUMENTING AMENDMENTS CAN
START ONE DAY AFTER THE START OF PROTOTYPE
TESTING AND WILL BE COMPLETED TWO DAYS AFTER
PROTOTYPE TESTING IS COMPLETED

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