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Lecture 9 Software

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13 views20 pages

Lecture 9 Software

Uploaded by

Thabiso Kabelo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computing Skills

Fundamentals
Lecture 9: Software
Outline
 Types of Software
 System vs Application

 Application Software
 Generic
 Bespoke
 Custom
 Integrated

 System Software
 Operating systems
 Utilities
 Translators
 Networking Operating System
Types of Software
 Application Software
 Programs designed to perform specific real world tasks for users
 E.g. support multimedia projects, home, personal, and
educational activities

 System Software
 Control the operations and activities of a computer and its
devices

 Provides a platform/base for running application programs


 operating system, networking software, translators, and
software utilities.
Computer System

Hardware

OS

Applications
Application Software Types
 Generic/Packaged
 General purpose software that is not written for any
particular purpose such as word processors

 Specific/Custom
 Software written for a specific purpose such as accounting

 Bespoke
 Software customised for specific individual or company that performs a
specific task

 Integrated
 collection of application software that has a common set of features
 e.g. word processors, spreadsheets graphics ,databases
 Relatively cheaper than customized software
Integrated Software Packages
 Combines several software applications that share a similar
interface and common features into a single package
 Software Suites; Microsoft Office ; Corel WordPerfect Office
System Software Types
 Operating systems
 Utilities
 Translators
System Software: Operating Systems
 Manages h/w resources on behalf of applications
 Assigns the needed hardware e.g. cpu to programs to run
 Allocates the memory required for each program to run
 Manages and provides access to data and program files stored in secondary
storage

 Examples
 MS-DOS
 Mac OS X
 UNIX
 Linux
 Windows 7
Operating System Interface
 OS provide two types of interfaces
 Used to interact with the computer to perform various tasks
 Controls how user enters data and commands and how information displays on the screen

1. Graphical User Interface


 use of menus and visual images such as icons, buttons, to issue commands
e.g. Windows 7

2. Command Line Interface


 Enter data and commands by typing and pressing special keys
Common OS Features
 Multiprogramming
 Single vs Multiple user
 Multitasking
 Multiprocessing
 Network
Multiprogramming OS
 Enables a computer to run several programs at the same
time
Single vs Multi-tasking OS
 Single-User OS
 Allows one user to run one program/task at a time

 Multitasking
 allows a single user to work on two or more applications at a time
Multi-processing OS
 Supports two or more CPUs being used simultaneously
Single vs Multi-user OS
 Designed for use by multiple users
 enables two or more users to run a program simultaneously -
originally used in mainframe computers
 E.g. access a printing service

 Single-user
 allow only one user to make use of a computer at any given time
Network OS
 Supports a network
 i.e. it is aware of network resources
 allow access to shared resources by a number of users
concurrently e.g. Novell Netware, Windows Server 2012
System Software: Utilities
 Utility programs are designed to do specific task such as
anti virus checking and backing up data

 Some utilities form part of the operating system


 Examples
 Backup
 File Manager
 Uninstaller
 Disk Error Checking
 Antivirus Software
 File Compression
System Software: Program Translators
 Computer program that translates a program written in human
understandable language (source code) to a computer understandable
language(machine code)

 Source Machine

 E.g. C++, Java


 A Java Program
Software and Copyright
 Freeware is software that is available for copying at no monetary cost.
 Adobe Reader, Avast Free Antivirus

 Shareware is copyrighted software that can be used without a license for


a specified time
 Trial versions can be copied for evaluation

 When the evaluation period ends, a registration fee is paid for continued use
of the software e.g. Winzip, Adobe Photoshop

 Commercial software is copyrighted. It must be must be purchased and


not copied Organizations usually use site license for commercial software
which is to be only used on their computers
 Microsoft Office 2021 , Windows 2019

 Can also be subscription service e.g. Microsoft Office 365


Summary: Software
 Application: perform specific real world tasks for users
 System : control the activities of a computer and its devices

 APPLICATION TYPES
 Generic/Packaged: general purpose not written for any particular purpose e.g. word processors

 Specific/Custom- written for a specific purpose such as accounting

 Bespoke -software customised for specific individual or company and specific task

 Integrated - collection of software that has a common set of features (word


processors ,spreadsheets graphics ,databases packaged as one)

 OS TYPES
 operating system, networking software, translators, and software utilities.

 OS features: Multiprogramming, Single user, Multitasking ,Multiprocessing, Network

 Software Utilities : Backup, File Manager, Uninstaller, Antivirus Software, File


Compression, Disk Error Checking
END

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