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7 Tools & Control Chart - 2021

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18 views18 pages

7 Tools & Control Chart - 2021

Uploaded by

tu4097033
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process Flow Histogram

Chart Scatter Diagram


Cause-and-Effect Statistical Process
Diagram Control Chart
Check Sheet
Pareto Analysis

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,


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 Cause-and-effect diagram (“fishbone” diagram)
 chart showing different categories of problem causes

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-4


 Cause-and-effect diagram (“fishbone” diagram)
 chart showing different categories of problem causes

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-5


Cause-and-effect matrix
 grid used to prioritize causes of quality problems

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-6


Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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Pareto analysis
 most quality problems result from a few causes

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-9


Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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 A graph that establishes
control limits of a process
 Control limits Types of charts
 upper and lower bands of a  Attributes
control chart p-chart
c-chart
 Variables
mean (x bar – chart)
range (R-chart)

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,


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Out of control
Upper
control
limit

Process
average

Lower
control
limit

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sample number
Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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UCL = p + zp
LCL = p - zp
z = number of standard deviations from
process average
p = sample proportion defective; an
estimate of process average
p= standard deviation of sample
proportion
p(1 - p)
p =
n 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
Copyright
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NUMBER OF PROPORTION
SAMPLE DEFECTIVES DEFECTIVE
1 6 .06
2 0 .00
3 4 .04
: : :
: : :
20 18 .18
200

20 samples of 100 pairs of jeans


Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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total defectives
p= = 200 / 20(100) = 0.10
total sample observations

p(1 - p) 0.10(1 - 0.10)


UCL = p + z = 0.10 + 3
n 100
UCL = 0.190

p(1 - p) 0.10(1 - 0.10)


LCL = p - z = 0.10 - 3
n 100
LCL = 0.010

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,


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0.20

0.18 UCL = 0.190

0.16

0.14

Proportion defective
0.12
p = 0.10
0.10

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02 LCL = 0.010

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Sample number
Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons,
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