Social-Interaction-Social-Processes Madelyn Alia Merrygine Mantos

Social
Interaction
& Social
Process
Merrygine Mantos
Madelyn Alia
Social Interaction
Social interaction is the foundation of
society. Without interaction there would
be no group life.
For instance, interaction is the major
processes for the socialization
individual of an from which
birth
exists in every
to culture.
death,
Definition of Social Interaction
Merrill:
“social interaction is the process of
contact where the behavior modifies
slightly” “Modifies slightly”.
Definition of Social Interaction
Dowson & Getty:

“Social interaction is a process whereby
men inter- penetrate the mind of each
other”.
Form of social interaction
• Between individual and individual
• Between individual and groups
• Between groups and groups
• Between individual and culture
Between individual and individual
customer and shop keeper
Doctor and patient

situations for social
interaction
• Person
to
person
Between individual and group
singer and audience

•Perso
n to-
group
Between group and group
• Group-to-group
Individual and culture
norms customs
values traditions
Types / Forms of Social Interaction
/ Social Process
Opposition Cooperation
Assimilation &
competition Conflict Accommodation Acculturation
Opposition
This is the disassociate form of social interaction.
it includes competition & conflict.
Opposition or Disassociation:
In every institution there is competition and
competition may be called as struggle between
two or more individuals, who are striving to get
something which is relatively limited.
Forms of competition
• Personal & impersonal competition
• Formal & informal competition
• Intra & inter group competition

Personal and impersonal competition
• Personal competition takes place in a society when
the individuals or groups competing with one
another and the competition is face to face.
e.g. The election is the personal in which the
competitors know each other and the competition is
face to face.
The competition in which there may not be face –to-
face interaction. e.g. the competition for the posts of
Federal Public Service Commission is an example of
impersonal competition.
Another example is when a students want to become
a top position In the Multan Board or etc is called
impersonal competition.
• Type of Competition
• Personal competition
involves direct face-to-
face contact between
opposing parties.
Impersonal competition –
involves a struggle
between persons or
groups not directly
aware of each other.
Formal or informal competition
• Formal competition is that has structured
rules and regulations. It has written rules to
be followed, other wise the violator will be
punished. E.g. in modern societies. Like in
cricket match, or football match.
• Informal is that competition in which there is
no written rule and regulation but some
unwritten set or rules are to be followed. e.g.
in primitive or folk societies.
Intra and inter group competition
• The competition that occurs within the
community is called intra group competition. This
is within the same community or village.
• The competition that occurs between

communities / groups is called inter group
competition. e.g. the competition between two
teams of different districts or provinces or the
countries is the inter group competition.
Definition - The
systematic study of
human society and
social interaction.
Conflict
• When people are competing for
inadequate material and non material
products.
• Objects of conflict
•The objects of conflict may
be: d)Power
e)Status
f) property
Conflict
• Fields of conflict
•Conflict may be in the fields
of 1)Political
2) Social
3) Economic
4) Religious fields.
Difference between competition & conflict
• Competition • Conflict
• Competition is the 2. It is not continuous process.
continuous process and it At some stage it must
come to an end.
is never ending.
3. It is personal.
• It is impersonal
4. it is conscious and the
• It is unconscious and the individual and groups are
individuals and groups are aware and know each
not aware of it. other.
• It encourages hard work. 5. It discourages hard work for
• It is based on non- law in conflict.
violence. 6. Violent methods may
be used in conflict.
Cooperation
• No society can develop without cooperation.
Pakistani society we find a few examples In
cooperation. e.g. of
• In the farms the rural cooperate with their neighbors
in watering the crops, harvesting the crops.
• In urban areas the people cooperate with each other
in different ways. Such cooperation is found between
the customer and shop keepers, teachers and
students, the owner and the laborers, the doctor and
the patient.
• Type of
Cooperation
3. Informal
cooperation
-
characteriz
ed as
spontaneous
and involves
mutual give
and take.
2 .Formal
cooperation
characterized
as
a
deliberate
contractual
nature
and
prescribes
the reciprocal
rights
Accommodation
• The parents accommodate their children even at the
cost of sacrificing their own desires.
• Smith
• “ defines accommodation as “social
adjustment”
e.g. adjustment of man to both natural and
man- made environment”.
assimilation
• Ogburn & Nimkoff:
“ it means two dissimilar individuals or groups which

become similar by removing their cultural
differences”.
Acculturation
• The first step towards assimilation is
acculturation. In other words it
modification. called is
• e.g.
Permanent settlement of migrants cultural
people
e.g. people from India and Afghanistan in
Pakistan.
THANKS

Social-Interaction-Social-Processes Madelyn Alia Merrygine Mantos

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Social-Interaction-Social-Processes Madelyn Alia Merrygine Mantos

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Social-Interaction-Social-Processes Madelyn Alia Merrygine Mantos

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Social

Dowson & Getty:

customer and shop keeper

Doctor and patient

singer and audience

• Formal & informal competition

• Intra & inter group competition

• The competition that occurs between

“ it means two dissimilar individuals or groups which

You might also like