Prof. Dr. Lamiaa Ismail: Under Supervision

Under supervision
Prof. Dr. lamiaa ismail

Professor of Nursing Administration
Faculty of Nursing – Helwan University
Prepared by
Reda Abd Elzaher Mahmoud

Goal
• Provide participants with knowledge, skills and positive

attitude toward self learning package.
Objectives
At the end of this lecture the student should be able to:
• Define self-learning module.
• List advantages of self-learning module.
• Identify disadvantages of self-learning module.
• Discuss components of self-learning module
• Describe the role of teacher in self-learning module.
• Identify the meaning of learning contracts.
• Enumerate factors that affect the successful use of
module.
Develop self-learning module
Out lines
 Definition of self-learning module.

 Advantages of self-learning module.
 Disadvantages of self-learning module.
 Components of self-learning module
 Role of teacher in self-learning module.
 Meaning of learning contracts.
 Factors that affect the successful use of module.
 Application of self-learning module
Introduction
•The education process is a systematic, sequential, planned
course of action consisting of two major interdependent
operations, teaching and learning .
This process forms a continuous cycle that also involves two

interdependent players, the teacher and the learner. Together, they
jointly perform teaching and learning activities, the outcome of
which leads to mutually desired behavior changes.
Definition
Self Learning Module (Package)
Self- Learning Package (SLP) is a teaching method used for self-directed learning
which is complimentary to conventional teaching. Here the teacher plans and sets
the teaching material and the students learn at their own time and pace.
A self learning module is a document containing all necessary knowledge for a

student to attain one or more educational objectives independently of the teacher.
It could be offered in a form of work books, study guides, work stations, video
tapes, internet modules, and computer programs
Advantages of Self- learning Module
• Students may have the option to select learning
materials that meets their level of knowledge and interest.
• Reduces travel time and travel costs for students.
• Class work can be scheduled around work and family.
• Facilitate learning through a variety of activities.

(cont..)
• Consistency with principles of adult education:
 Enable learners to meet their own learning needs.
 Provide immediate feedback and reinforcement of learning.
 Promote independence.
 Flexibility in relation to the number of learners who can be
provided with instruction at one time.

(cont..)
• Privacy, decrease learner’s concerns and anxiety regarding
making mistakes or showing inadequacies in front of their peers or
supervisors.
• For nurses: accessible for nurses without leaving their clinical
unit and no need to another nurses to cover patient care.
Disadvantages of Self- learning Module:
• Learners with low motivation or bad study habits may
fall behind
• Students may feel isolated or miss social interaction.
• Instructor may not always be available on demand.
• Lack of interaction between learners and instructor.
• Format may be too structured and visually uninteresting.
Disadvantages of Self- learning Module cont,.:
• Is not a suitable method of instruction for all learners

as who prefer social interaction, and group work.
• Some learners find the highly structured and serial

nature of this instruction tedious (boring) and time
consuming to use.
Components of Self- learning Module
• Title:
Should be concise and descriptive of its content.
• Table of contents:
Will be helpful to learners in orienting themselves to the SLM.
• Purpose or general aim:
Needs to provide the learner with a clear indication of the topic area
covered.
• Pre-requisites:
Identifies the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and experiences that the learner
should passes before attempting to complete the SLM.
Components of Self- learning Module cont,.:
• The instructional Objective:

need to be written in clear and specific behavioral terms.
• Behavioral objective:
This is need to be written in clear and specific behavioral terms,

it is useful to inform the learner of the instructional intent of the
SLM
• Direction for use: Should afford clear and concise
explanations of each component in the package
• Introduction: Brief introduction about the topic.
• Learning activities:
including any combination of the learning strategies, reading a

set of journal articles or book chapters, viewing videotapes, using
equipment.
• Pretest:
Should relate directly to the instructional objectives for the SLM.

The pretest purpose is (To provide a baseline performance
measure for later comparison with the post test score).
• Content:
Consists of small segments of information. The content is
frequently separate into different direction with questions that
view, reinforce and apply learning.
The answers of this self-assessment question (also called self
check) are provided on the page following the question or at the
end of that section of information. This affords immediate
feedback or progress and performance.

The Role of Teacher in Self- learning Module
1. The teacher serves as a facilitator-resource person to

provide motivation and reinforcement for learning.
2. The teacher has a crucial and deliberate role, make a
successful transition from teacher-directed to self-
directed learning.
3. Assesses student’s readiness for the method, establish
the boundaries of the student’s decisions about their
learning.
4. Teacher’s roles are the maintenance of educational
standards, teaching objective-writing and evaluation, and
availability to the students.
Learning contracts:
 Learning Contracts are mutual agreements between

students and teachers that grant the student certain
freedoms and choices about completing tasks yet require
the student to meet certain specifications.
 It is usually written and signed, between an educator and

a learner that describes the responsibilities of both in
relation to the learner‘s achievement of certain specified
learning outcomes within some specified period of time.
 It offers learners maximum flexibility in designing and

directing their own learning plans.
Factors Enhance Successful Use of Self- learning
Module
1.Time should be provided for the learning activity.
2. Reinforcement of knowledge acquired through the module.
3. Modules should be stored in an area that is ready accessible to

learners.
4. Module contents should be assessed periodically and updated as

needed.
5. Clarify goals and training process.
6. Design and administer brief survey to sample of learners.
7. Analyze survey data to identify success and non-success learners.

Application of Self- learning Module
Title
Skin Care and Spinal Cord Injuries
Manual for nurses

Table of contents
Chapter 1 -Introduction to skin Chapter 4 – Management of
care and Spinal Cord Injuries Skin Areas
Chapter 5– post healing,

Chapter 2 – Anatomy and
prevention and patient
Physiology of the Skin
education
Chapter 3 – Physical Assessment References

of the Skin
Purpose or general aim
Upon successful completion of this section the learner will
 Understand the importance of skin care in people with SCI.
 Be aware of the prevalence of skin issues in people with SCI.
 Develop an appreciation of the psychosocial impact of pressure

ulcers on the person with SCI.
Pre-requisites
• Have a basic knowledge about anatomy and physiology.

• Staff nurse .
• Work in spinal cord disorders units.
• Able to work on PC and web network.
The instructional Objective
• Each
learner (candidate) should successfully
complete , and pass the post test for this module.
Behavioral objective
• Itis expected that you direct yourself to gain competence in
the theoretical assessment using the Trusts resources.
Direction for use:
This training package is for use by nurse practitioners for initial
training, continual updating and self assessment.
• It is designed for you to direct your own learning to achieve the

competence level and Trust standard required for this skill.
• The flexibility of self directed learning will allow you to utilize

your time for study to obtain both theoretical knowledge and
practical skills.
• You must successfully complete the theory preparations and

assessments prior to undergoing supervised practice. The length
of time for supervised practice should be negotiated between the
individual and the supervisor.
Introduction
People who survive a spinal cord injury will most likely have
medical complications such as skin problems, chronic pain
and bladder and bowel dysfunction, along with an increased
susceptibility to respiratory and heart problems. Successful
recovery depends upon how well these chronic conditions are
handled day to day.
Learning activities
• Viewing Journal articles

• Viewing Text books from library.
• Visiting Web sites.
• Watching video tapes.
Pretest
• Which may contains all types of questions (complete, true

or false, matching , definition… etc).
• Each question should obviously have a written score and
written time upon it.
• List the complications of spinal cord injuries.
Contents
Should cover all the related aspects briefly
1. What is Spinal Cord Injury?
2. Is there any treatment?
3. What is the prognosis?
4. What are the warning signs of skin impairments?
• At each chapter will be followed by self assessment to reinforce and
apply learning .
• The answers of this self-assessment question (also called self check) are
provided on the page following the question or at the end of that section
of information.
Instructional Aides:
• Handouts include the standardized skin assessment tool.
• Case studies.
• Videos to watch real cases.
Post test
Should cover all objectives of the module.

• Which contains all types of questions (complete, true or
false, matching , definition…etc).
• Each question should obviously have a written score and
written time upon it.
• Practical exam will also be established.

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Under supervision

Prof. Dr. lamiaa ismail

Reda Abd Elzaher Mahmoud

• Provide participants with knowledge, skills and positive

 Definition of self-learning module.

This process forms a continuous cycle that also involves two

A self learning module is a document containing all necessary knowledge for a

materials that meets their level of knowledge and interest.

• Reduces travel time and travel costs for students.

• Class work can be scheduled around work and family.

• Facilitate learning through a variety of activities.

 Enable learners to meet their own learning needs.

 Provide immediate feedback and reinforcement of learning.

 Flexibility in relation to the number of learners who can be

provided with instruction at one time.

• Is not a suitable method of instruction for all learners

• Some learners find the highly structured and serial

• The instructional Objective:

This is need to be written in clear and specific behavioral terms,

including any combination of the learning strategies, reading a

Should relate directly to the instructional objectives for the SLM.

Consists of small segments of information. The content is

frequently separate into different direction with questions that

view, reinforce and apply learning.

The answers of this self-assessment question (also called self

check) are provided on the page following the question or at the

end of that section of information. This affords immediate

feedback or progress and performance.

1. The teacher serves as a facilitator-resource person to

 Learning Contracts are mutual agreements between

 It is usually written and signed, between an educator and

 It offers learners maximum flexibility in designing and

2. Reinforcement of knowledge acquired through the module.

3. Modules should be stored in an area that is ready accessible to

4. Module contents should be assessed periodically and updated as

5. Clarify goals and training process.

6. Design and administer brief survey to sample of learners.

7. Analyze survey data to identify success and non-success learners.

Skin Care and Spinal Cord Injuries

Manual for nurses

Chapter 5– post healing,

Chapter 3 – Physical Assessment References

 Be aware of the prevalence of skin issues in people with SCI.

 Develop an appreciation of the psychosocial impact of pressure

• Have a basic knowledge about anatomy and physiology.

• It is designed for you to direct your own learning to achieve the

• The flexibility of self directed learning will allow you to utilize

• You must successfully complete the theory preparations and

• Viewing Journal articles

• Which may contains all types of questions (complete, true

• Handouts include the standardized skin assessment tool.

Should cover all objectives of the module.

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