Mobile Programming

Unit 1
 Introduction to Programming
 Building Blocks
 Variables
 Integer
 Float
 Boolean
 Class
 Object
 Basic Building Blocks
 Variables
 Bank account balance, it shows the current amount of money you have
available. Your bank account may be $100 at the beginning of the month,
and $350 on your payday.
 This is an example of a variable.
 A variable is a representation of a value.
 Variables come in many different shapes and sizes.
 Different types of variables hold different types of values.
 Numbers, letters, words, true, false, or even a custom car.

 Integer
 An integer is a whole number, a number without any decimal places,
positive or negative: Example -10, 0, 100, 21031
 An integer could be used for the number of stars for a movie review, a
house’s street address, or the score for a sports team.
 Basic Building Blocks
 Float
 need to be more precise with a value.
 In the case of currency, a decimal place is used to keep track of the cents on a
dollar $10.51
 A decimal-based variable is called a float. Float is short for floating point,
another name for a decimal place

 Boolean
 Respond with either Yes or No.
 cannot respond with 7, $103.45, or “Banana.”
 Yes or No variable is referred to as a Boolean.
 Similar to a light switch—they are either on or off,true or false; there is no in-
between value
 Basic Building Blocks
 String
 Name - collection of letters that form a set of words
 Eg:"SteveDerico"
 A string is used to represent characters strung together to make words
and sentences.
 A string can hold a series of letters, numbers, and symbols. Strings are
surrounded by a pair of quotes. For example:
 "Steve is cool."
 "Where is the ball?"
 "Go Giants
 Basic Building Blocks
 Classes
 Different types of automobiles –different –few core
characteristics
 wheels, an engine, and brakes
 Core characteristics are called attributes.
 purpose and provides value to the consumer.
 A car can drive, honk, brake, and steer. Basic methods are
available in every car.
 Without these methods, it would not be a car. These core methods
are called behaviors.
 Designing a new car, a blueprint would be a good place to start.
 Blueprint is a document that serves as a template for building
something. Blueprint defines the attributes and behaviors of the car
 Basic Building Blocks

Car blueprint

Has Wheels Class is a blueprint for a virtual object.

Has Engine
Has Brakes Class defines the required attributes and
Can Drive Forward behaviors.
Can Stop
Can Steer Left and Right
Just like a cookie cutter, a class can produce
endless objects from a single
blueprint.
 Has –attributes
 Can -Behaviors
 Basic Building Blocks

Green station wagon

 Objects Wheels- Standard
Engine- Diesel
 Attributes make them unique Brakes -Standard
 Each of these cars is an object from the car class. Acceleration -Poor
Stopping -Great
 Object is the product produced by a class. Steering -Fair
 An object has the attributes and behaviors from its
class, in this case, the car class.
 Instance and object are commonly used as synonyms
Red sports car
 combination of the values with their associated Wheels Big
Engine Big
attributes is what makes an object unique. Brakes Performance
Acceleration Great
 Humans have hundreds of attributes and thousands Stopping Great
of possible values for each attribute. Steering Great
 Basic Building Blocks

 Methods
 computer processes a list of steps to achieve a task. This
list of steps is called a method.
 A method is a collection of code to complete a specific
task
 Example –Cooking Process
 Basic Building Blocks

Car
 Inheritance Wheels Standard
Engine Standard
 passing down of attributes and behaviors from
Brakes Standard
parent to child is called inheritance. Can Drive Forward
 Inheritance is the ability for a class to extend or Can Stop
override functionality from a parent class. Can Steer Left and Right
 Example - class you created was the parent of SUV
the SUV class. Wheels Mud
 SUV class will inherit all the attributes and Engine V8
behaviors of the car class. SUV will also be Brakes Standard
Drive System All-Wheel
able to add its own attributes and behaviors.
Can Drive Forward
Can Stop
Can Steer Left and Righ
Can Drive Uphill
Can Tow a Boat
 Basic Building Blocks

 Override the inherited attributes.

 Overriding is the ability to change how an attribute or behavior
works for a class.
 This allows the SUV class to customize and control the inherited
attributes and behaviors the SUV class has an engine, but it is a V8
engine.
 The child class is often referred to as a subclass of the parent class.
In this case, the SUV class is a subclass of the car class.
 Model View Controller
 Model-View- Controller architecture helps to
organize your code into three distinct parts.
 l
Model View Controller
Model
 Portion of code has to do with the data.
 For example, consider creating an application
that stores all your friends’ contact
information.
 Model portion would hold the phone numbers
and addresses.
 Containing zeros and ones
 l
Model View Controller
View
 Code contains all the code related to the user
interface.

 view is like a picture frame; it holds and

displays a picture, but it doesn’t know what
picture it is displaying

 View code should not be connected to the

content it is displaying.

 This way, if the interface is changed, it doesn’t

affect the content.
 l
Model View Controller
Controller
 All the logic and decision-making code.
 Like a traffic cop; he directs the others where to go.
 It talks to the view and the model directly.
 The controller responds to taps on the screens, pulls
data from the model, and tells the view what to
display.
 The model and view never speak directly to each
other. All communication goes through the
controller.
first app
 Xcode
 Open up Xcode.
 If you don’t see Xcode in your Dock,
 click the Spotlight search icon in the
upper-right corner of your screen. Type
in Xcode and click Top Hit
 Click “Create a New Xcode Project.”
 Next, you will see the project template dialog
 Select Single View Application and click Next.
 fill in details for your new project
 Project
Navigator
 like Finder on Mac.
 It provides an easy way to
explore and open the files
in project.
 The folders inside the
Project Navigator are called
groups
 Editor
 Editor displays whichever file is selected in the Project
Navigator.

 project is selected in the Project Navigator on the left.

 Inspector
 The right sidebar is called the Inspector .
 Inspector is where details for whichever
file is shown in the Editor can be
changed.
 Inspector is dynamic and will change
depending on the file you have selected
inside the Editor
 Toolbar
 Top portion of the Xcode window is called the Toolbar.
 Play and Stop buttons. These buttons are used for running and
testing your app.
 Middle, you will find the Activity Viewer. This box will provide
updates as your code is being processed.

 In the upper-right corner, you will find two sets of buttons.

 Toolbar
 The first button, with horizontal lines on it, will present the
Standard Editor.
 The Standard Editor is the single view editor you typically see
when you first start a new project.
 Interlocking circles on it, is called the Assistant Editor
 Version Editor -Track and analyze changes made to your project
 Buttons
 Set of buttons, in the upper right of screen, are used to hide or show
the three major sections of Xcode.
 First button will hide or show the Project Navigator.
 Second button will hide or show the Debugger.
 Third button will hide or show the Inspector.
 These buttons are especially helpful if you are working on a small
screen.
 Storyboards

 Represent the user interface, or interface, for short. Storyboards

hold all the buttons, graphics, and design elements for the
application.
 Storyboards can stretch and scale to fit any size screen from
iPhone to iPad.
 Select Storyboards on Project Navigator
 Object Library
 Object Library holds the user interface elements
you will use in your design
 Scroll down through the Object Library until
you see Label.
 A Label is a user interface element used to
display text to the user.
 This text is only readable; the user cannot change
this text.
 Click and drag a Label over the Storyboard
 Top of the Inspector is a small toolbar with six icons
 Each of these icons represents a different section of the Inspector.
 Fourth icon from the left. The icon looks like a downward facing arrow,
and it reveals “Show the Attributes Inspector” when you hover over it.
 Attributes Inspector icon. The Attributes Inspector allows you to change
the values for attributes of the selected element on the Storyboard
 Text attribute holds the string displayed by the Label.
 Underneath the Style drop-down menu is a text box with the
 word “Label” inside of it.
 Double-click the text and replace it with “????”. Press Return
 Color attribute will change the
color of the text displayed by the
Label. Click the
 drop-down arrows next to the word
“Color.” Scroll down and click
Other.
 Pick your color and close the Color
Picker.
 font attribute
 Alignment attributes
Label
 Select Button form Object
Library at the bottom of the
Inspector
 Scroll down and drag a Button
onto the Storyboard
 Double-clicking is a shortcut for
changing the text attribute inside
the Inspector &Save
 Designing is complete,hide the Inspector. To hide the Inspector,
look in the upper-right corner of screen.
 Click the square button with a blue stripe on the right side of it. The
blue stripe will turn to black, and the Inspector will be hidden.
 Document Outline
 quick and easy way to select
any element on the
Storyboard
 Storyboard
 View file in the Model-View-Controller paradigm.
 The Assistant Editor is currently displaying ViewController.swift.
 ViewController.swift is the controller in Model-View-Controller, and
it holds all the logic for the interface created.
 Two different types of connections between a view and a controller
 action
 Outlet
 action
 An action is triggered when a user taps, swipes, or makes a specified
gesture on the interface.
 The action then sends an alert to the controller, where the controller
can decide how to react.
 Actions are commonly used with Buttons.
 For example, a Button is tapped on the interface, and the controller is
alerted.
 The controller can then choose what to do in response to the action.
 outlet
 Works in the opposite direction as an action.
 Outlet is a direct link to the view from the controller and is used to retrieve or set
information from an interface element.
 For example, a Label on the interface has a corresponding outlet, allowing the
controller to read and set the Label’s text.
 create these connections between view and controller, draw a line from one side to
the other.
 Select the Label on the Storyboard . Holding the Control key, click and drag from the
Label over to the Assistant Editor
 Drag your cursor immediately under the following words:
 ViewController : UIViewController
 No action on label
 Property using Outlet
 Click the Button in the Storyboard and
Control-drag from it over to the same spot
in the Assistant Editor.
 When you see the horizontal blue line,
release drag
Diving into Swift
 What is Swift ?
 Swift is a new programming language created by Apple as the
language of their future.
 Swift was originally announced during the Apple Worldwide
Developer Conference in June of 2014.
 Apple had used Objective-C, originally created for the Mac, for
over 20 years.
 Swift was created to make writing code easier and more concise.
Swift is perfect for beginners and has lowered the barriers so that
anyone can make apps.
 Playgrounds
 Playgrounds are a quick and simple way to write your code and test
it immediately.
 Save it in a Separate folder
 Creating Variables
 Variables are used for values that will change, or are dynamic.
 Dynamic means that a value could change now or in the future. The var
keyword stands for variable -create, or declare, a variable.
 Variables are referred to by their variable name. The variable name is linked
to the value; if the value changes
 Name should be one word in camel-case. For example:
 varnumberOfYears
 After the variable name comes a colon. This colon tells Xcode you are
about to state the type for the new variable

varnumberOfYears: Int
 Set a value to the variable. The value you set must match the type
of variable; otherwise, the variable will not be created:
 varnumberOfYears: Int = 30
 An equals sign is used to initialize a variable.
 Initialize means to set up or provide the default value to a variable.
 Integers
 An integer, a whole number positive or negative, uses the Int keyword.
 var keyword to create a variable with favoriteNumber as the variable
name. Then the colon is used to state the type.
 The variable’s value is set to 4 using the equals sign:
 varfavoriteNumber: Int = 4
 Float
 A float, a number with a decimal place, uses the Float keyword.
 var keyword to create a variable and sets accountBalance as the
variable name. colon is used to set the type using the Float
keyword.
 Variable’s value is set to 1203.51 by using the equals sign:
 varaccountBalance: Float = 1203.51
 Boolean

 A Boolean, a variable with the value true or false, uses the Bool
keyword.
 var keyword to create a variable and sets isStudent as the variable
name.
 colon is used to state the type using the Bool keyword. Finally, the
variable’s value is set to true by using the equals sign:
 varisStudent: Bool = true
 Strings

 A string, a collection of characters, uses the String keyword and is

created with double quotes.
 the var keyword to create a variable and sets firstName as the
variable name.
 colon is used to state the type using the String keyword.
 Finally, the variable’s value is set to "Steve" by using the equals
sign:
 varfirstName: String = "Steve”
 General Syntax : varvariableName: type = newValueHere
 Objects
 Variables can also be used to represent objects.
 The keyword for the type is the object’s class name.- class is a blueprint for an object
 It contains all the attributes and behaviors for the objects it creates.
 var keyword to create a variable and sets fastCar as the variable name.
 Then the colon is used to state the type; in this case, the Car keyword is used to create
a car.
 The variable’s value is set to a new car object by using the equals sign.
 This example could work with any custom class:
 varfastCar: Car = Car()
 Constants
 not change -use a constant instead of a variable.
 Constants are designed to work with values that will not change
after they are set.
 Once the value has been set, it will remain that value for its entire
lifetime. This consistent value is referred to as static.
 Static means the value will not change now or in the future
 let keyword is used instead of the var keyword. For example:
varnumberOfYears: Int = 30
let name: String = "Steve"
let isMale: Bool = true
varbankAccountBalance: Float = 1034.20
 Type Inference
 Swift can automatically detect, or infer, the required type. This is
called type inference, and it simplifies creating a variable.
 Type and colon are no longer required, because Swift can detect
the type of the value provided on the right side of the equals sign.
 Swift then automatically sets the variable’s type to match the type
from the value.

varnumberOfYears = 30
let name = "Steve"
let isMale = true
varbankAccountBalance = 1034.20
 Modifying Strings
 String class provides convenient methods like uppercaseString,
where the string is changed to its uppercase value.
 // show the variable after it has been updated
 Execute sequentially
 Appending Strings
 string variable and add on to the end of it. This is called appending
 create new, longer strings, add string variables between other strings
 Variables in Strings

 Add variables directly into strings using string interpolation.

 String interpolation is a term for creating a string with placeholders
inside of it. Those placeholders are then filled in while the application
is running.
 string is created with double quotes. The placeholder is created with
a \().
 Inside of the placeholder is the variable to be inserted into the string.
 convenient way to convert a non string variable into a string:
 Collections

 Hold on to many variables or constants in a container for better

organization.
 Swift provides two collection classes
 Arrays
 Dictionaries
 Arrays
 An array is a container that can hold many variables in a specific order.
 An array can hold a nearly unlimited number of items and assigns each item a specific
position value, or index.
 The index is the item’s position inside the array.
 var names: [String] = ["Steve", "Jeff", "Andy", "Andrew”,"Cole", "Mike", "Mikey"]
 Start with the same var keyword, followed by a colon. add a set of brackets with the type
inside the brackets.
 On the other side of the equals sign, start array with an open bracket.
 Inside the bracket, each item is separated by a comma. The array ends with a closed bracket.
 Arrays in Swift must all have the same type., but it cannot hold a mixture of strings and
integers.
 Arrays can only hold variables of the same type.
 Swift can automatically detect the type of variable for a given array
var names = ["Steve", "Jeff", "Andy"]
 Navigating arrays
 Each item inside an array has a specific position, or index.
 always start with zero. The first item in the array will be at index 0, the
second item in the array is at index 1
 Names[0],count,Isempty()
 Modifying arrays
 Array declared with the var keyword are dynamic and can be changed
 Dictionaries
 Dictionaries can hold multiple variables and organize them using
keys and values.
 key is the word user looking for, and the value is the definition of the
word.
 Dictionaries are not sorted or organized in a specific order.
 Use the key to retrieve the value
 Add ,Modify,
 Remove a key/value pair by setting the key to nil. nil is a blank value
 Loops
 Repeat a particular section of code.
 For-Condition-Increment
 for-in
 Ranges
 For Loop
Three pieces: a variable, a condition, and an increment

for (VARIABLE; CONDITION; INCREMENT) {

for (var counter = 0; counter < 8; counter++) {

liftWeights()
}
 for-in

 simple way to iterate through an array or dictionary.

 for-in loop automatically detects the condition and increment.
 It creates a variable for that represents the current item in the array
 Ranges
 A range is similar to an array of integers from one number to
another.
 Two types of ranges.
 A closed range is written with three dots and includes the uppermost
number: 1...5
 Half-closed range is written with two dots followed by a less-than
sign and does not include the uppermost number
 1..<5
 //1,2,3,4
 Conditional Statements
 If Statement
 used to make decisions
 logic can be defined using a conditional statement like an if statement.
 An if statement determines if a condition is true or false; if the condition
is true,a particular section of code is executed; otherwise, it is skipped

 If else
if isWeekday == true {
getReadyForWork()
if isMale == true { } else if isSaturday == true {
bow() goRunning()
}else{ } else {
curtsy() goToYoga()
} }
 Optionals
 Variables that could result in the absence of a value
 Ex :Translation output –no
 valueless state is called nil
 used with any type of variable and are explicitly declared using the ?
symbol next to the type keyword.
 vartranslatedWord: String?
  Process of unwrapping an optional helps to remind the developer to
check and make sure the variable is not nil. There are two steps

vartranslatedWord: String? = translate("cat")

if translatedWord != nil {
//translatedWord has a value vartranslatedWord: String? = translate("cat")
} else{ if translatedWord != nil {
//The translatedWord has no value println(translatedWord!)
}
Diving Deeper
 Apple provides developers with a toolset of classes and methods. This
toolset, also known as a framework, is called Foundation.
 Apple’s frameworks at developer.apple.com.
 Methods, Classess,Objects,SubClassess.Inheritance
 Overridding

Ex:Race Car
 Methods
 Methods are a group of steps that work together to accomplish a
specific task.
 Methods are very similar to functions. Methods are a set of steps to
complete a task inside a class or object.
 A function is a set of steps to complete a task that stands alone. These
two items are so similar, they have become synonyms.
 “method” and “function” interchangeably
 Methods
funcgoodMorning() {
println("Good Morning")
}

Creating own method starts with the func

keyword.
This keyword is used to declare
the beginning of a new method.

The next item is the method’s name. Method

names also use camel-casing.
 Methods can take input in order to provide a more detailed decision
process
 Input variables like these are called parameters.
 Parameters are outside values that are passed into a method.
 The name and type of the parameter are defined inside the parentheses.
 The parameters passed in will be referred to as the variable name inside
the parentheses
funcgoodMorning(name: String){

println("Good Morning \(name)")

Parameters are defined by first stating the variable name and then a colon followed by
the type of variable.

Multiple parameters can be accepted and are separated by a comma.

funcgoodMorning(name: String, day: String){

println("Good Morning \(name), Happy \(day)")

}
 Default value
 Default value to parameter, add an equals sign next to the type and
provide the default value.

funcgoodMorning(name: String = "World", day: String = "Day"){

println("Good Morning \(name), Happy \(day)")

goodMorning()
 Return Values
 Methods can do more than accept input and execute steps
 Generate output When a method provides an output value, it is called a
return value.
 Return value is the final product of the method, and it is sent back to
the caller.
 A return value can be any type, but the return type must be declared by
the method
funcsum(a: Int,b: Int) ->Int{
return a + b
}

funccalculateTip(bill: Float, percentage: Float)->Float{

vartip = bill * percentage
return tip
}
 Classes
 Blueprint or template to create objects saves time and makes maintenance
much easier.
 Creating virtual objects
 Blueprints in Swift are called a class.
 A class is a blueprint or template for an object. This template can be used
over and over like a printing press to create virtual Objects
 Objects & its Behaviour
 Class defines the attributes and behaviors of the object. The attributes
are the characteristics of the object.
 These attributes are defined by properties.
 Properties are variables included in each object.
 Properties of a house would be the exterior color, street number, and
number of bathrooms.
 Behaviors are the methods the object provides. For example, a method
could set the air temperature to 68 degrees, or open the garage, or
enable the alarm system.
 Syntax & Properties of
Class
class House {

class House {

varexteriorColor= "Brown"

varcurrentAirTemp= 70

varisAlarmEnabled= false

varisGarageOpen= trueclass you created has four properties, each with

a default value already set
}
 Methods
class House {

varexteriorColor= "Brown" funcprepareForDaytime(){

isGarageOpen = true
varcurrentAirTemp= 70 isAlarmEnabled = false
currentAirTemp = 70
varisGarageOpen= false }
varisAlarmEnabled= false }

funcprepareForNighttime() {

isGarageOpen = false

isAlarmEnabled = true

currentAirTemp = 65 }
 Creating an Object
 Create an object from a class, call the initializer method.
 The initializer method is a method designed specifically for setting
up new objects.
 If user provided default values for the properties, there is no need to
write an initializer method.
 Xcode will create for you.Theinitializer method is typically
accessed by writing the name of the class followed by two
parentheses
 varmyHouse: House = House() or varmyHouse = House()
 Accessing Properties
 Access the value of a property by using dot syntax. Dot syntax is
a format used to access and assign values to properties.
 Dot syntax begins with an object
 varmyHouse = House()
 myHouse.exteriorColor
 myHouse.exteriorColor = "Blue"
 Calling Methods
 myHouse.prepareForDaytime()
 Subclasses
 Reuse a template instead of starting from scratch
 Start with the parent class and then make changes from there.
 This process of reusing is called subclassing
 Subclassing provides a convenient way to share attributes and
behaviors between a parent and child class
 class Cabin: House {
 }
 Inheritance
 Inheritance is the ability to pass down attributes and behaviors
from a parent class to a child class.
 All of the parent class’s properties and methods will
automatically be shared with the child class.
 Sub class can add or change these if needed
 Overriding
 Changing the inherited properties or methods in a child class is called
overriding.
 Overriding allows the child class to define its own version of a
particular property or method.
 To override a method, add the override keyword.
 The cabin class defines its own initializer method by using the
init keyword.
 cabin class overrides the initializer method from the House
class, the override keyword is added to the beginning of the
method name.
 initializer method is automatically created for the House class.
 The init keyword is followed by a set of empty parentheses, and
an open brace will begin the initialize method.
 Parent class’s initializer should first be called before the child class
overrides or makes changes.
 Refer to the parent class, use the super keyword. Inside the child
class’s init method, write super.init().
 This will call the parent class’s initializer method.
 Once this is complete, the child class is free to override and make
changes. In this case, the cabin class sets the exteriorColor to
"Red".
 Overriding methods
 override a subclass’s methods.

Use the override keyword:

class Cabin: House {
override init(){
super.init()
exteriorColor = "Red"
}
override funcprepareForNighttime(){
startFire()
}
}
Building Multiscreen Apps
 View Controllers
 View controllers are the logic portion of the Model-View-
Controller, or MVC, paradigm.
 View Controller is a controller that controls the view.
 The view displays information and receives input from the user,
but it does not make decisions.
 Decisions are made inside the view controller
 View Controllers
 Own controller called the UIViewController.
 UIView Controller is part of UIKit.
 UIKit is a set of classes provided to create interface elements.
 UIViewController comes with a view property out of the box.
 View property is connected to a view file, in most cases, a storyboard
file.
 prewritten methods - Methods and properties needed to write
 Makes UIViewController a perfect parent class to use as a template for
user custom class.
class mySubController: UIViewController{
override func viewDidLoad()
{
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any addition setup after loading the view
}
}
 viewDidLoad() method inside of the mySubController class.
 Override keyword is used to tell Xcode that user would like to add to or change
 UIView Controller’s default viewDidLoad method.
 func keyword declares the method.
 viewDidLoad is the method name user would like to override from UIView
Controller.
 viewDidLoad method does not take any parameters, so the parentheses are left
blank.
 Add a set of open and closed braces. These braces are used to determine the
beginning and end of the method.
 Whenever overriding a method, the first line of code should make a call
to super. super is a keyword used to reference the parent class of the
current class
 Parent class is UIViewController.
 This call to super is important because without it the viewDidLoad()
method call would do absolutely nothing
 call to super.viewDidLoad() sets the foundation.
 Add your own custom code after the foundation is complete:
class mySubController: UIViewController{
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any addition setup after loading the view
println("The View Has Loaded")
}
}
 UINavigationController
 Each of the apps created has only one view.
 Popular apps on iOS use multiple views and transition from left to
right
 UINavigationController
 A UINavigationController can hold many UIViewControllers in an
array.
 Array is a collection type; it holds many items in a specific order.
The navigation controller uses a sorting mechanism called a stack.
A stack sorts items in a first-in, last out order.
 To add a view controller to the navigation controller, push the view
controller on top of the navigation controller
 Topmost view controller in the stack will be displayed to the user.
 To show another view controller on top of the current one, push on the
new view controller.
 To remove the current view from the display, a pop is executed on the
navigation controller.
 A pop removes the topmost item from the stack. In this case, it removes
the current view and displays the previous view
 When a view is displayed inside of a navigation controller, a navigation
bar is added to the top of the current view.
 This navigation bar has three main sections:
 the left UIBar
 ButtonItem, the titleView, and the right UIBarButtonItem
 UIBarButtonItem acts like a typical button, but it lives inside a
UINavigationBar.
 UINavigationBar is the class used to create the navigation bar at
the top of a navigation controller.
 The leftBarButtonItem will automatically become a back button
when another view is shown in the navigation controller.
 The titleView will display the value from the UIView Controller’s
title property
 Table View
 Scrolling list of items
 Scrolling list of categories and when the user taps on an item, another
screen with more details
 Combination of a navigation controller and table views.
 Navigation controller controls which view is currently displayed, and the
table view displays the scrolling list of items
 Table views are made up of a few key parts. Each item or row in the list is called a cell.
 A cell is a view used to display an individual row in the table view.
 Table view has many cells, and they are grouped into sections.
 Sections are used to separate rows into Groups.
 Each table view has a header and footer. The header is a view that sits above the cells,
while the footer sits at the bottom after the cells.
 Table view is set to one of two styles. The default style, Plain, lists each row one after
another with no separation
 Grouped, will separate rows by their section and place a divider between each group.
 Delegation
 Notification concept is used to alert a controller when an event has
happened inside the app.
 The process of subscribing to or receiving notifications for a particular
event is called delegation.
 Delegation specifies a delegate to receive all notifications.
 Delegate doesn’t just receive the notifications; in most cases, the
delegate must respond to them as well
 When a table view is first being created, there are a series of questions
that must be answered.
 The table view sets a delegate to receive the questions and provide
answers.
 Table view will ask the delegate how many rows should be created. The
delegate could respond with a specific number like 20 or even an integer
variable override the numberOfRowsInSection method:
override func tableView(tableView: UITableView,
numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) ->Int {
return 10
}
 Protocol
 full list of questions are wrapped up inside a protocol. A protocol is a
specific way of doing something
 conforming.
 Conforming is agreeing that you will respond to all of the required
methods in a protocol.
 UITableViewController
 UIViewController is a view controller class created by Apple to help set
up the typical methods and properties view controllers needed
 UITableViewController will automatically create a table view and set it to
a property named tableView.
 Specify itself as the delegate and stub out all of the required delegate
methods.
 A stubbed-out method is a term used to describe a method that is declared
with nothing inside of it yet.
 UITableViewController will take care of highlighting and unhighlighting
rows when they are tapped. It makes creating and managing table views
 UITableViewDataSource
 Protocol that holds the three required methods for UITableView is
called UITableViewDataSource.
 Protocol gathers information for the number of sections, the number of
rows in each section, and the cells to be displayed.
 first required method is numberOfSectionsInTableView(_:). This
method asks for an integer representing the number of sections in the
table view. Overriding this method is straightforward
override func numberOfSectionsInTableView(tableView:
UITableView) ->Int {
//#warning Potentially incomplete method implementation.
//return the number of sections.
return 0 -Warning

override func numberOfSectionsInTableView(tableView:

UITableView) ->Int {
//return the number of sections.
return 1
}
TableView(_:numberOfRowsInSection:). This method

asks for an integer representing the total number of rows

override func tableView(tableView: UITableView,
numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) ->Int {
return 0
}

override func tableView(tableView: UITableView,

numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) ->Int {
return 5
}
 UITableViewDataSource protocol requires that user respond to
table View(:cellForRowAtIndexPath:).
 This method provides the cell for each row in the table view
 The method provides a parameter named indexPath. The indexPath
parameter is an NSIndexPath.
 NSIndexPath has two properties.
 Section property is the index of the current section. The row
property is the index of the current row.
 Counting starts at 0 with all indexes. This means:
 The first row in the first section would have an NSIndexPath of 0,0.
 The fourth row in the first section would have an NSIndexPath of 0,3.
 The first row in the third section would have an NSIndexPath of 2,0
 varcurrentRow = indexPath.row
 varcurrentSection = indexPath.section
five main properties to each UITableViewCell

 textLabel -UILabel displays the main message text.

 detailTextLabel -UILabel displays a subtitle; this label is not
always shown.
 imageView -UIImageView displays UIImage on the left side of
the cell.
 accessoryView -Displays disclosure icons if applicable.
 contentView - UIView, blank canvas that holds all the elements.
 four different styles;
 Default - Left-aligned text label, optional imageView, and no detail
TextLabel.
 Value1 -Left-side label with black text; it also has a right-side label
that has smaller blue text and is right-aligned.
 Value2 -Right-side label that is right-aligned and contains blue text;
on the right side is a left aligned label with black text.
 Subtitle -Left-side left-aligned label with black text; it also has a
lower left-side left-aligned ‘label with smaller gray text.