Elective (1)

Storage Technologies:
Section 2
ICT Architecture
www.huawei.com

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Data and Information

Processing Information

Data

Data Redundancy

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Lifecycle Management of Information and
Data

5 Stages of the Lifecycle

of Information and Data Management:
1. Generation
2. Transmission
3. Usage
4. Maintenance
5. Fate (Store or Delete)

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New Industrial Revolution Requires New
ICT

Cloud Big Data Social IoT CPS Mobility

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ICT is Migrating From Support System To
The Role of Production System
New Industrial Revolution

1980 - 1995 1995 - 2010 2010 - 2025

ICT Phase I ICT Phase II ICT Phase III

ICT Changes Business ICT Becomes The Core of

Office Automation
Flows. Production Systems.

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What is ICT ?
 ICT is the abbreviation of Information, Communication and Technology. It is a new concept and
technological area formed from the combination of communication technology and information
technology.

Figure 1: Narrow Definition Theory: ICT is the Figure 2: Combination Theory: ICT is the union or
intersection of IT and CT (ICT=IT∩CT). combination of IT and CT (ICT=IT∪CT).

Figure 3: General IT Theory: CT is a part of the wider definition of IT(CT ⊆IT,ICT=IT ∪CT=IT).

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Features of ICT

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Business Driven ICT Architecture (1)

 Business Driven  Joint Innovation in Ecosystem

Drive Drive

Industrial Application
Business (e.g. ERP, CRM, Traffic Control
Enable Enable
Requirement System)

Enterprise Users Partners (GP, ISV, SI)

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Business Driven ICT Architecture (2)
 Huawei Focused ICT Infrastructure

ICT Convergence
Capabilities Product Innovations

Network Cloud OS
Drive
Cloud Big Data Drives
Storage Big Data
Open API
(eSDK)
Enables
Enable Server Security
Social IoT

Enterprise
UC
Wireless
Mobility CPS

Huawei

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Huawei Focuses on Converged ICT
Architecture of Cloud, Pipe and Device
Cloud:
DC2 + Big Data
IaaS/SaaS Distributed Cloud Data Center + Big Data
MES ERP PLM Software Defined, Hardware Reconstruction,
Business Driven, Data Innovation.
Service-driven - DC2
Pipe:
Low Latency, Multi Concurrent Reliable
Network
5G SDN
Leading 5G and Agile networks.
Smart Gateway Device:
Intelligent IoT
LTE-M.
Leading LTE-M2M.

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Common Components of ICT

Host

Basic
Storage
Switch Components
Array
of ICT

Network

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Examples of ICT Components
Host Storage

Clients (PC, Tablet, Mobile etc.)

Switch Backup

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Front View of the Basic Components of
ICT Infrastructure

Host Host

Switch Switch

Switch Network

Storage Array Storage Array

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Rear View of the Basic Components of
ICT Infrastructure

Host Host

Switch Switch

Switch Network

Storage Array Storage Array

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Common Forms of Storage Array
Components
Controller and Disk Chassis Separation

+ =
Independent External Disk
Controller Chassis Enclosures for Storage Array System
Expansion

Controller and Disk Chassis Integration

+ =
Controller Module Integrated Controller and Storage Array System
Disk Enclosure

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Chassis with Controller and Disk
Separation

I/O Module Fan Module

Chassis

Power Module

Controller
BBU Module Module

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2U 2.5” Disk Enclosure
2.5” Disk Module
 No adapter

design
 Support 6G SAS

/NL-SAS /6G
SAS SSD

Expansion Module
 Dual Expansion

module
 12 G SAS Uplink/

Downlink

600w Power Module

1 Serial Port  1+1 Redundancy
1 2 3
 Fan Built-In Power Module (Each

2 Mini SAS HD Expansion Port Power Module has Built-In Fan ）

 Supports AC/DC current
3 Disk Enclosure ID Display

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4U 3.5” High Density Disk Enclosure
 75 disks installed in 5 rows
and 15 columns.

 Single Disk
module can be hot
swappable.

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Supported Hard Disk Types

Disk Size: Ports:

• ATA/IDE
• 5.25 inch • SATA/NL SAS
• 3.5 inch • SCSI
• 2.5 inch • SAS
• 1.8 inch • FC
Medium • SSD Functions:
• Mechanical Hard Disk
Drive (HDD) Disk Types • Desktop Grade
• Enterprise Grade
• Solid State Drive(SDD)

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Components of a Hard Disk

Spindle
Disk Platter
(Motor and Bearing is
underneath)

Actuator
Read/Write Arm

Control Circuit
Board

Disk
Connector

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Properties of a Hard Disk
Sector Track
Read/Write Head

Cylinder D Actuator
Arm

Disk Platter

Motor
Motor

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SAS Drives

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NL - SAS Drives

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Solid State Drives (SSD)
 As price lowers and storage capacity increases, SSD is becoming more and more
popular in the market.
 SSD Principles:
 Uses flash technology to store data.
 No mechanical structure with lower energy consumption, low heat signature and low
noise.
 Limited lifetime due to SSD usage frequency.
 3 types of SSD:
 SLC (Single Level Cell)
 MLC (Multi Level Cell)
 TLC (Triple Level Cell)

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SLC vs MLC vs TLC

 SLC: Each cell stores only 1 bit of data: 0 or 1.

 MLC: Each cell stores 2 bit of data : 00,01,10,11.
 TLC: Each cell stores 3 bit of data: 000, 001, 010, 011,100,
101,110, and 111.

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SSD Architecture
SSD Hardware Architecture Principles

BBU SSD Architecture Diagram

BBU

Multi Parallel Paths

6Gbps SSD
SAS
SAS Connector
Connector
Controller FLASH

DDR
DDR RAM
RAM

 No moving mechanical parts, high performance, low energy consumptions.

 Multi parallel paths and within channel flash cell reuse sequence.
 Supports TCQ/NCQ, responds to multiple IO requests at the same time.
 Standard response time is lower than 0.1ms.

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Advantages of SSD Performance
Performance Advantages of SSD Technology

I/O I/O

IP/FC SAN
• Delayed by Track Seek
• Short Response Time.
Time.
• Mechanical • High Read/Write Efficiency.
Delay Time.

VS

Traditional HDD Storage System SSD Storage System

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Key Performance Indicators of Hard Drives
 Volume: Indicated in units of MB or GB. Storage Volume is affected by the volume
of a single disk platter and number of disk platters.
 Rotational Speed: Indicated in Rotation Per Minute (RPM) of the disk platter.
Common drive RPM are 5400RPM/7200RPM, SCSI drives RPM can reach up to
10,000-15,000RPM.
 Average Access Time: Equals to Average Track Seek Time + Average Waiting Time.
 Data Transfer Rate: Refers to speed of Data Read/Write of the disk and indicated by
MB/s. It includes both internal and external data transmission rate indicators.
 IOPS (Input/Output Per Second): Refers to input/output (read/write) count per
second, it is one of the key indicators of the hard drive performance.

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FC I/O Module

8Gb FC I/O module provides 4

8Gbits/s transmission rate FC ports.

16Gb FC I/O module provides 2

16Gbits/s transmission rate FC ports.

A B

8Gb FC High Density I/O module

provides 2 physical ports that can be
converted to 8 unit of 8Gb/s FC Optical
Ports.

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FC Switch

FC Switch

SFP/QSFP Optical Cables

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Host Bus Adapter (HBA) Cards

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Equipment Cables
1. FDR Cable. 2. Serial Cable.
3. Mini SAS HD Cable. 4. Optical Cable.
5. MPO-4*DLC Fiber Cable. 6. AOC Cable.

1 2 3

4 5 6

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 Thank You
www.huawei.com

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