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    Anatomy of Eyelids

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    Dr Sravya M V
    The eyelids are mobile tissue curtains that protect the eyes. They have several layers including skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The upper eyelid is raised by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Both eyelids meet at the medial and lateral canthi. They contain glands like meibomian glands that secrete oils into the tear film. The eyelids receive blood supply from the palpebral arteries and are innervated by branches of the facial, oculomotor and trigeminal nerves.

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    Anatomy of Eyelids

    Uploaded by

    Dr Sravya M V
    23 views25 pages
    The eyelids are mobile tissue curtains that protect the eyes. They have several layers including skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The upper eyelid is raised by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Both eyelids meet at the medial and lateral canthi. They contain glands like meibomian glands that secrete oils into the tear film. The eyelids receive blood supply from the palpebral arteries and are innervated by branches of the facial, oculomotor and trigeminal nerves.

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    Eyelid

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    The eyelids are mobile tissue curtains that protect the eyes. They have several layers including skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The upper eyelid is raised by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Both eyelids meet at the medial and lateral canthi. They contain glands like meibomian glands that secrete oils into the tear film. The eyelids receive blood supply from the palpebral arteries and are innervated by branches of the facial, oculomotor and trigeminal nerves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views25 pages

    Anatomy of Eyelids

    Uploaded by

    Dr Sravya M V
    The eyelids are mobile tissue curtains that protect the eyes. They have several layers including skin, muscle, connective tissue and conjunctiva. The upper eyelid is raised by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Both eyelids meet at the medial and lateral canthi. They contain glands like meibomian glands that secrete oils into the tear film. The eyelids receive blood supply from the palpebral arteries and are innervated by branches of the facial, oculomotor and trigeminal nerves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 25

    ANATOMY OF EYELIDS

    DR SRAVYA M V
    SECOND YEAR
    MS SALAKYATANTRA
    GAVC TPRA
    GROSS ANATOMY

    • Mobile tissue curtains placed in front of the eyeballs

    • Act as shutters protecting the eyes from injuries & excessive light

    • Spread the tear film over the cornea & conjunctiva

    • Help in drainage of tears by lacrimal pump system


    Parts of eyelid

    • Divided by a horizontal furrow (sulcus)

    orbital part
    tarsal part

    Position of lids

    • When the eye is open

    upper lid covers about 1/6th of the cornea


    lower lid just touches the limbus
    Canthi

    • The two lids meet each other at medial & lateral angles (inner & outer canthi)

    • In Caucasians with the lids open, the lateral canthus is about 2 mm higher than
    the medial canthus
    Palpebral aperture

    • Elliptical space b/w the upper & the lower lid

    • When the eyes are open


    10-11 mm vertically in the centre
    28-30 mm horizontally
    Lid margin

    • About 2 mm broad

    • Divided into 2 parts by the punctum


    Medial - lacrimal portion - rounded & devoid of lashes / glands

    Lateral - ciliary portion –

    Rounded anterior border

    Sharp posterior border

    Inter marginal strip (b/w the 2 borders)


    • Grey line - junction of skin & conjunctiva -divides the inter marginal strip

    anterior strip - 2-3 rows of lashes


    posterior strip - openings of meibomian glands arranged in a row
    STRUCTURE

    1. Skin - elastic having a fine texture

    thinnest in the body

    2. Subcutaneous areolar tissue


    very loose
    contains no fat
    3. Layer of striated muscle

    Orbicularis muscle forms an oval sheet across the eyelids

    Comprises 3 portions
    Orbital

    Palpebral (pretarsal & pre septal parts)

    Lacrimal

    Closes the eyelids & is supplied by zygomatic branch of the facial nerve
    • Upper lid - levator palpebrae superioris muscle (LPS)

    • Arises from the apex of the orbit

    • Inserted by 3 parts
    on the skin of lid

    anterior surface of the tarsal plate

    conjunctiva of superior fornix

    • Raises the upper lid

    • Supplied by a branch of oculomotor nerve


    4. Submuscular areolar tissue
    Layer of loose connective tissue

    Nerves & vessels

    5. Fibrous layer
    Framework of the lids

    2 parts

    central tarsal plate

    peripheral septum orbitale


    Tarsal plate

    2 plates of dense connective tissue one for each lid

    Give shape & firmness to the lids

    Upper & lower tarsal plates join with each other at medial & lateral canthi

    Attached to the orbital margins through medial & lateral palpebral ligaments

    In the substance of the tarsal plates lie meibomian glands in parallel rows

    Septum orbitale (palpebral fascia)

    Thin membrane of connective tissue

    Attached centrally to the tarsal plates

    Peripherally to periosteum of the orbital margin

    Perforated by nerves, vessels & LPS muscle, which enter the lids from the orbit
    6. Layer of non-striated muscle fibres
    Palpebral muscle of Muller
    In the upper lid it arises from the fibres of LPS muscle
    Lower lid - from prolongation of the inferior rectus muscle
    Inserted on the peripheral margins of the tarsal plate
    Supplied by sympathetic fibres

    7. Conjunctiva

    The part which lines the lids - palpebral conjunctiva


    GLANDS OF EYELIDS

    • Meibomian glands/tarsal glands


    Present in the stroma of tarsal plate arranged vertically

    About 30–40 in the upper lid

    About 20–30 in the lower lid

    Modified sebaceous glands

    Ducts open at the lid margin

    Secretion constitutes the oily layer of tear film


    • Glands of Zeis - sebaceous glands - open into the follicles of eyelashes

    • Glands of Moll - modified sweat glands situated near the hair follicle

    open into the hair follicles / into the ducts of Zeis glands

    do not open directly onto the skin surface

    • Accessory lacrimal glands of Wolfririg - near the upper border of tarsal plate
    BLOOD SUPPLY

    • Arteries of the lids (medial & lateral palpebral) form marginal arterial arcades
    - lie in the submuscular plane in front of the tarsal plate
    2 mm away from the lid margin in the upper lid

    4 mm away in the lower lid

    • Upper lid - superior arterial arcade - near the upper border of the tarsal plate
    Veins

    Arranged in 2 plexuses
    Post tarsal - drains into ophthalmic veins
    Pretarsal - into subcutaneous veins
    Lymphatics

    • Arranged in 2 sets
    • Pre-tarsal

    • Post-tarsal

    • Lateral half of the lids - preauricular lymph nodes

    • Medial half of the lids - submandibular lymph nodes


    NERVE SUPPLY

    • Motor nerves
    • Facial (supplies orbicularis muscle)

    • Oculomotor (which supplies LPS muscle)

    • Sympathetic fibres (which supply the Muller's muscle)

    • Sensory nerve - branches of trigeminal nerve –


    • Lacrimal

    • Supraorbital &supra trochlear nerves for upper lid

    • Infraorbital nerve with infra trochlear branch for lower lid


    THANK YOU

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