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Guilford's Structure of Intellect Model

Guilford's Structure of Intellect (SOI) model proposes that intelligence consists of multiple abilities rather than a single general ability. The original SOI model defined 120 factors of intelligence across dimensions of mental contents, operations, and products. Guilford later modified the model to include five content areas and 150 total factors. The model describes how different types of information (contents) can be processed or transformed (operations) to generate outcomes (products). This framework conceptualized intelligence as involving diverse thinking skills rather than a single trait.

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488 views6 pages

Guilford's Structure of Intellect Model

Guilford's Structure of Intellect (SOI) model proposes that intelligence consists of multiple abilities rather than a single general ability. The original SOI model defined 120 factors of intelligence across dimensions of mental contents, operations, and products. Guilford later modified the model to include five content areas and 150 total factors. The model describes how different types of information (contents) can be processed or transformed (operations) to generate outcomes (products). This framework conceptualized intelligence as involving diverse thinking skills rather than a single trait.

Uploaded by

Sakshi Bais
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theories of

Intelligence
Dr. N. T. Alee
Assistant Professor
SJU, Bangalore
Guilford’s structure of intellect model
 Guilford’s Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) Model is such a multiple intelligences theory.
 Guilford believed that intelligence was not a monolithic, global attribute but a combination of multiple
abilities, which were relatively independent.
 According to him, intelligence consists of numerous intellectual abilities.
 In 1956, the first version of the Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) model was presented. The structure of
intellect defines intelligence as a systematic collection of abilities or functions for processing different
kinds of items of information in various ways.
 Originally the SOI model included four types of mental contents dimension (figural, symbolic,
semantic, and behavioural), five types of operations dimension (cognition, memory, evaluation,
convergent production and divergent production), and six types of products dimension (units, classes,
relations, systems, transformations, and implications), thus resulting in 120 factors.
 Subsequently, Guilford (1977) modified his model and divided figural factor of the content dimension
into visual and auditory factors, thus making five types of the contents dimension, instead of the
original four types. In the modified version the number of cells became 150 (5 contents × 5 Operations
× 6 Products= 150 cells).
The Contents Dimension
This dimension includes the broad areas of information in which operations are applied. It has been divided
into four categories.
• Visual - Information arising from stimulation on the retina in the form of an image.
• Auditory – Information arising from stimulation of the cochlea of the ear as image.
• Symbolic - Information perceived as symbols or signs that have no meaning by themselves; for example,
Arabic numerals or the letters of an alphabet.
• Semantic - Information perceived in words or sentences, whether oral, written, or silently in one’s mind.
• Behavioural – Information perceived as acts of an individual/ individuals.
The Operations Dimension
This consists of five kinds of operation or general intellectual processes:
• Cognition - The ability to understand, comprehend, discover, and become aware.
• Memory - The ability to memorise information.
• Divergent Production - The process of generating multiple solutions to a problem
• Convergent Production - The process of deducing a single solution to a problem.
• Evaluation - The process of judging whether an answer is accurate, consistent, or valid.
The Products Dimension
As the name suggests, this dimension contains results of applying particular operations to
specific contents. There are six kinds of products, they are:
• Unit - Represents a single item of information.
• Class - A set of items that share some attributes.
• Relation - Represents a connection between items or variables; may be linked as opposites or
in associations, sequences, or analogies.
• System - An organisation of items or networks with interacting parts.
• Transformation - Changes perspectives, conversions, or mutations to knowledge; such as
reversing the order of letters in a word.
• Implication - Predictions, inferences, consequences, or anticipations of knowledge.
Thank You

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