This document provides an introduction to building planning and classification. It defines what a building is and its key components. Buildings are classified into different groups (A-J) based on their occupancy and use, such as residential, educational, institutional, assembly, business, industrial, storage, and hazardous. Each group is further divided into specific building types. The overall aim is to familiarize students with basic building planning concepts and classifications.
This document provides an introduction to building planning and classification. It defines what a building is and its key components. Buildings are classified into different groups (A-J) based on their occupancy and use, such as residential, educational, institutional, assembly, business, industrial, storage, and hazardous. Each group is further divided into specific building types. The overall aim is to familiarize students with basic building planning concepts and classifications.
This document provides an introduction to building planning and classification. It defines what a building is and its key components. Buildings are classified into different groups (A-J) based on their occupancy and use, such as residential, educational, institutional, assembly, business, industrial, storage, and hazardous. Each group is further divided into specific building types. The overall aim is to familiarize students with basic building planning concepts and classifications.
This document provides an introduction to building planning and classification. It defines what a building is and its key components. Buildings are classified into different groups (A-J) based on their occupancy and use, such as residential, educational, institutional, assembly, business, industrial, storage, and hazardous. Each group is further divided into specific building types. The overall aim is to familiarize students with basic building planning concepts and classifications.
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Department of ---
COURSE NAME COURSE CODE Topic:
Introduction to building planning Session Session- -11
CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU
AIM OF THE SESSION
To familiarize students with the basic concept of introduction to building planning
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
This Session is designed to:
1.Demonstrate 2.Describe 3.List out the 4.Describe the
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this session, you should be able to:
1.Define 2.Describe 3.Summarize
CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU
WHAT IS BUILDING? 3 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU A building is a structure that is built. It may be residential building comprising of essential rooms like drawing room, bed room, dinning hall, kitchen, toilet etc or a non-residential building like a shop, office, school, theatre, hotel, hospital etc whose components vary with the nature of the building. Building comprises of three parts-foundation, superstructure and roof.
4 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU FUNCTIONS OF BUILDING The function of building is to provide a desired (may be controlled or uncontrolled) spatial environment within it continuously, for a given human activity. Building provides a safe and comfortable internal environment against external and unwanted internal conditions for the given human activity. It must be safe against all natural forces and also manmade forces.
5 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU INTERACTION OF BUILDING WITH ENVIRONMENT
6 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU Any structure for whatsoever purpose and of what so ever materials, constructed and every part there of whether used as human habitations or not and includes foundations, masonry, roof etc with all the services like W.C., bath, stair etc is called as building. Tents, slums without foundation shall not be considered as buildings, even they are used for longer period.
7 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU Man requires different types of building for his activities. Houses, bungalows and flats for his living. Hospitals and health centers for his health. Schools, colleges & universities for his education. Railways, bus stations and facilities. Air terminals for transportation. Banks, shops, offices, buildings and factories for doing work. Clubs, theatres and cinema halls for recreation. Temples, mosques , churches, dharmashalas etc for worship. Houses, bungalows , flats, huts etc provide shelter to man.
8 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS
9 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU According to the (NBC) National Building Code of India (SP7-2005). Buildings are classified based on occupancy as follows:
Group A : Residential buildings
Group B : Educational buildings
Group C : Institutional buildings
Group D : Assembly buildings
Group E : Business buildings
Group F : Mercantile buildings
Group G : Industrial buildings
Group H : Storage buildings
Group J : Hazardous buildings
10 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP A: RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS These shall include any building in which sleeping accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes, with or without cooking or dining or both facilities, except any building classified under Group C. Residential types of building are further sub divided as per following 1.A-1 Lodging or rooming houses 2.A-2 One-or two-family private dwellings (duplex houses) 3.A-3 Dormitories 4.A-4 Apartment houses (flats) 5.A-5 Hotels
11 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP B: EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS
These shall include any building used for school, college or day-care purposes involving assembly for instruction, education or recreation and which is not covered by Group D.
B1 : schools up to higher secondary level.
B2 : other training institutions.
12 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP C: INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS Institutional buildings ordinarily provide accommodation, sleeping for the occupants.
Institutional types of building are further sub divided as per following
C-1 Hospitals and sanatoria
C-2 Custodial institutions (security institutes)
C-3 Penal and mental institutions (jails etc…)
13 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP D : ASSEMBLY BUILDINGS Assembly types of building are further sub divided as per following: D-1 Buildings having a theatrical stage and fixed seats for over 1000 persons D-2 Buildings having a theatrical stage and fixed seats for less than 1000 persons D-3 Buildings without a stage having accommodation for 300 or more persons but no permanent seating arrangement D-4 Buildings without a stage having accommodation for less than 300 persons D-5 All other structures designed for assembly of people not covered by subdivisions D-1 -to D-4
14 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP E : BUSINESS BUILDINGS Business types of building are further sub divided as per following
E-1 Offices, professional establishments, like offices of architects, engineers,
doctors, lawyers, banks, etc.
E-2 Laboratories, research establishments and test houses.
E-3 Computer installations.
15 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP F MERCANTILE BUILDINGS
Buildings which are used for display and sale of mercantile either wholesale or retail.
Eg : shops, stores, markets, etc.
F-1 Shops, stores, markets with area up to 500 m².
F-2 Underground shopping centres, departmental stores with area more than 500 m² Storage and service facilities incidental to the sale of merchandise and located in the same building shall be included under this group. 16 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP G : INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Buildings which are used for production of material or fabrication of products or assembling of products are considered as industrial buildings.
Eg : assembling plants, power plants, pumping stations, etc.
G-1 Buildings used for low hazard industries
G-2 Buildings used for moderate hazard industries
G-3 Buildings used for high hazard industries.
17 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP H : STORAGE BUILDING
Buildings which are used primarily for storage of goods, vehicles are categorized as storage buildings.
Eg : ware houses, cold storage, truck and marine terminals.
18 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU GROUP j : HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS
Buildings which are used for storage and handling of high combustible or poisonous substances.
Eg : LPG storage tanks, water propellants, synthetic leather, fire works, H2, NH3.
19 CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU According to National Building Code (NBC)
SALIENT FEATURES Inclusion of special requirements for low income housing rural habitat planning. Revision of the provisions for buildings are facilities for physically challenged. Fire safety norms completely revamped through detailed provisions on fire prevention, life safety and fire protection. Inclusion of new categories of starred hotels, heritage structures and archeological monuments for fire safety provisions. Promotion to new innovative building materials technologies. Inclusion of latest provisions for earthquake resistant design and construction
CREATED BY K. VICTOR BABU
Inclusion of latest provisions for earthquake resistant design and construction. Inclusion of details on multi disaster prone districts. Inclusion of new chapter on design and construction using bamboo. Chapter on prefabricated and composite construction for speedier construction. Updating of provision of safety in construction. Complete revision of provision on building and plumbing services in line with applicable international practices. Provisions on rain water harvesting method. Inclusion of new chapter to cover land scoping needs. Promotion to new innovative building materials technologies.
