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Gender Inequality

Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or opportunities based on gender and has persisted across cultures. It can be seen in various aspects of life like education, employment, and politics. Gender inequality not only limits individuals' potential but also hinders societal progress. Addressing this issue is crucial for creating a more just world for all.

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217 views12 pages

Gender Inequality

Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or opportunities based on gender and has persisted across cultures. It can be seen in various aspects of life like education, employment, and politics. Gender inequality not only limits individuals' potential but also hinders societal progress. Addressing this issue is crucial for creating a more just world for all.

Uploaded by

atharvpatil343
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Gender inequality

Gender inequality refers to the unequal treatment, opportunities, and


perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It is a social issue that
has persisted across cultures and societies, often favoring one gender over
the other. This disparity can be observed in various aspects of life,
including education, employment, politics, and daily interactions. Gender
inequality not only limits the potential of individuals but also hinders the
overall progress and development of societies. Addressing this issue is
crucial for creating a more just and equitable world for all.
Meaning & Definition of equality
Meaning: Definition
◦ The concept of gender equity refers to
Gender inequality is the unfair
“fairness of treatment for women and men,
treatment or lack of opportunities according to their respective needs. This may
for people based on their gender. include equal treatment or treatment that is
Gender inequality is a complex different but which is considered equivalent
in terms of rights, benefits, obligations and
issue with a long history. It is rooted opportunities”-International Labor Office.
in patriarchal societies, which (2000). ABC of women worker’s rights and
privilege men and subordinate gender equality (p. 48). Geneva: ILO.
women.
Factors contributing gender inequality
There are many factors that contribute to gender inequality, they are as follows:
• Gender roles: Gender roles are the expectations that society has for men and women. These roles can limit people's choices and opportunities.
◦ Poor medical care: Women overall receive lower-quality medical care than men. This is linked to other gender inequality reasons
such as a lack of education and job opportunities, which results in more women being in poverty. They are less likely to be able to
afford good healthcare. There’s also been less research into diseases that affect women more than men, such as autoimmune
disorders and chronic pain conditions. Many women also experience discrimination and dismissal from their doctors, broadening
the gender gap in healthcare quality.
• Stereotypes: Gender stereotypes are the beliefs that certain characteristics are associated with men and women. These stereotypes can lead to
discrimination and prejudice.
• Violence: Violence against women is a major form of gender inequality. It can have a devastating impact on survivors' physical and mental
health.
• Poverty: Women are more likely to live in poverty than men. This is due to a number of factors, including lower wages, less access to
education and healthcare, and the burden of unpaid care work.
◦ Lack of employment equality: Only 6 countries in the world give women the same legal work rights as men. In fact, most economies give
women only ¾ the rights of men. Studies show that if employment became a more even playing field, it has a positive domino effect on other
areas prone to gender inequality.
Types of gender inequality
India currently has seven types of gender inequalities. Following is the brief explanation of those:
◦ Mortality Inequality : This is the inequality between men and women in terms of the mortality rate. India has a higher female infant
mortality rate, leading men to be in a greater number in the overall population. Women in Indian society receive little or no
healthcare and nutrition in comparison to men.
◦ Natality Inequality :In this type of inequality, boys are given a preference over girls. It is observed in many male-dominated
societies. It starts with parents wanting their newborn to be a boy rather than a girl. Sex-selective abortions are common in India due
to the availability of modern techniques for determining the gender of the fetus despite of being a highly punishable act.
◦ Employment Inequality : In terms of employment and promotions, women frequently face discrimination. Men are given priority
over women in terms of job opportunities and pay scales.
◦ Ownership Inequality : Property ownership is unequal in many societies. In most parts of India, traditional property rights have
favored men for centuries. The absence of property claims does not only reduce women’s voices, but also makes it more difficult for
them to enter and thrive in commercial, economic, and even some social activities.
◦ Basic-Facility Inequality : Even when demographic characteristics do not reveal much or any anti-female bias activities, there are
other ways in which women are treated unfairly. As mentioned before, several inequalities and injustices go unreported in the name
of pride, honor, and respect .
◦ Household inequality: There are fundamental inequalities in gender relations within the family or a household. Even when there
are no visible signs of anti-female activities in a family or house such as the preference for a son, female infanticide, etc., women
are discriminated against when they want to work or live independently.

◦
Special Opportunity Inequality: Women lack basic facilities such as access to work opportunities, basic education, higher
education, etc.
Negative effects/consequences of gender
inequality
 Gender inequality is the imbalance of power and opportunity between men and women. It can be seen in all aspects of
society, from the workplace to the home. Gender inequality has a number of negative effects on society, including:
• Reduced economic growth: Studies have shown that gender inequality can have a significant negative impact on
economic growth. This is because it limits the pool of talent available to businesses and reduces productivity.
• Increased poverty: Gender inequality can also lead to increased poverty, as women are often paid less than men for
doing the same work. This can make it difficult for women to support themselves and their families.

• Poorer health outcomes: Women and girls who are denied access to education, healthcare, and other resources are
more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes. This can lead to increased rates of maternal mortality, infant mortality,
and chronic diseases.
• Violence against women: Gender inequality is a major driver of violence against women. Women who are denied their
rights are more likely to experience physical, sexual, and emotional abuse.
• Instability and conflict: Gender inequality can also contribute to instability and conflict. When women are denied
their rights, they are more likely to be marginalized and excluded from decision-making processes. This can lead to
social unrest and violence.
Gender inequality in India
Gender inequality in India remains a significant social issue, despite
progress in recent years. Women continue to face disparities in various
aspects of life, such as education, employment, and representation. This
inequality is often rooted in cultural norms, patriarchal traditions, and
economic disparities. Women's access to quality education and healthcare
can be limited in some regions, affecting their overall development.
Additionally, there is a gender wage gap, with women generally earning
less than men for similar work. Political and corporate leadership positions
are predominantly occupied by men, leading to underrepresentation of
women in decision-making roles. Discrimination and violence against
women, including dowry-related violence, domestic abuse, and sexual
harassment, persist as serious challenges. While efforts are being made to
address these issues through legal reforms and awareness campaigns, a
comprehensive and sustained approach is needed to achieve true gender
equality in India.
CONCLUSION
 For every problem, there is a solution. To reduce gender
inequality in India, the government should provide girls with
free higher education to empower them.
 The government should also provide them with opportunities
to participate in active politics and social activities to facilitate
their social integration into society. It should develop
stringent government policies for gender equality in India to
prevent sex identification and abortions.
 Non-government organisations (NGOs) can play a significant
role in eliminating gender inequality in India. Policies should
be made to increase social welfare development.
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao”
campaign can be successful if society’s attitude toward women
changes on a micro-level.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Introduction-From Chat GPT 3.5

 Meaning & definition- Google bards

 Factors contributing gender inequality-


https://www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/causes-gender-inequality/

 Negative effects of gender inequality-Chat GPT3.5 & Google bards

 Gender inequality in India - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_inequality

 Images- upslash.com & pexels.com

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