JDBC

Implemented & Deployed by:

Prakash Gyamlani
(MCA, DAC, ‘A’ Level)
Senior Software Engineer
AmpliFlex Softwares (P) Ltd

Java DataBase Conectivity Tutorial 1

Topics
 Agenda
 What is JDBC?
 Step By Step Usage of JDBC API
 DataSource & Connection Pooling
 Transaction
 Prepared and Callable Statements

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What is JDBC?
 Standard Java API for accessing
relational database
 Hides database specific details from
application

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JDBC API
 Defines a set of Java Interfaces, which are
implemented by vendor-specific JDBC Drivers
 – Applications use this set of Java interfaces for
performing database operations – portability
 Majority of JDBC API is located in java.sql package
 – DriverManager, Connection, ResultSet,
DatabaseMetaData, ResultSetMetaData,
PreparedStatement, CallableStatement and Types.
 Other advanced functionality exists in the javax.sql
package
 – DataSource

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JDBC Driver
 Database specific implemention of
JDBC interfaces
 – Every database server has
corresponding JDBC driver(s)
 You can see the list of available
drivers from
 – http://industry.java.sun.com/products/jdbc/drivers

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Database URL
 Used to make a connection to the database
 – Can contain server, port, protocol etc…
 jdbc:subprotocol_name:driver_dependant_databas
ename
 Oracle thin driver
 jdbc:oracle:thin:@machinename:1521:dbname

 Derby
 jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/sample

 Pointbase
 jdbc:pointbase:server://localhost/sample

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Steps of Using JDBC
 1.Load DB-specific JDBC driver
 2.Get a Connection object
 3.Get a Statement object
 4.Execute queries and/or updates
 5.Read results
 6.Read Meta-data (optional step)
 7.Close Statement and Connection objects

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1. Load DB-Specific Database
Driver
 To manually load the database driver and
register it with the DriverManager, load its class
file

 – Class.forName(<database-driver>)
try {
// This loads an instance of the Pointbase DB Driver.
// The driver has to be in the classpath.

Class.forName("org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver")
;
}catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe){
System.out.println("" + cnfe);
}

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2. Get a Connection Object
 DriverManager class is responsible for selecting the
database and creating the database connection.
 – Using DataSource is a prefered means of getting a
conection object (we will talk about this later)

 Create the database connection as follows:

try {
Connection connection =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/sampl
e", “app"," app ");
} catch(SQLException sqle) {
System.out.println("" + sqle);
}

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DriverManager & Connection
 java.sql.DriverManager
 getConnection(String url, String user, String
password)throws SQLException
 java.sql.Connection
 Statement createStatement() throws
SQLException
 void close() throws SQLException
 void setAutoCommit(boolean b) throws
SQLException
 void commit() throws SQLException
 void rollback() throws SQLException

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3. Get a Statement Object

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4. Executing Query or Update

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5. Reading Results

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5. Reading Results (Continued)

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6. Read ResultSet MetaData and
DatabaseMetaData (Optional)

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ResultSetMetaData Example

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DataSource &Connection
Pooling

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Sub-Topics

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javax.sql.DataSource Interface
and DataSource Object

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Properties of DataSource Object

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Where Are Properties of a
DataSource Defined?

• In JBOSS, they are defined in xxxx-ds.xml in

deploy folder
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JNDI Registration of a
DataSource (JDBC Resource)
Object

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JNDI Registration of a
DataSource Object

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Why Connection Pooling?

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Example: Retrieval of
DataSource Object via JNDI

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Code of mssql-ds.xml used in
JBOSS Server
<datasources>
<local-tx-datasource>
<jndi-name>MSSQLDS</jndi-name>
<connection-
url>jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=MyDatabase</
connection-url>
<driver-class>com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver</driver-class>
<user-name>x</user-name>
<password>y</password>
<!-- corresponding type-mapping in the standardjbosscmp-jdbc.xml (optional) -->
<metadata>
<type-mapping>MS SQLSERVER2000</type-mapping>
</metadata>
</local-tx-datasource>
</datasources>

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Code of Class which access DataSource
in case of JBOSS Server
try
{
Context ctx = new InitialContext();
DataSource ds = null ;
ds = (DataSource)ctx.lookup("java:MSSQLDS");
Connection con = ds.getConection();
}
catch(SQLException se)
{
se.printStackTrace() ;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace() ;
}

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Transaction

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Transaction

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JDBC Transaction Methods
setAutoCommit()
– If set true, every executed statement is
committed immediately
● commit()
– Relevant only if setAutoCommit(false)
– Commit operations performed since the
opening of a Connection or last commit()
or rollback() calls
● rollback()
– Relevant only if setAutoCommit(false)
– Cancels all operations performed

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Transactions Example
Connection connection = null;
try {
connection = ds.getConnection(); //Previously explained through
Connection Pool
connection.setAutoCommit(false);
PreparedStatement updateQty =
connection.prepareStatement("UPDATE STORE_SALES SET
QTY = ? WHERE ITEM_CODE = ? ");
int [][] arrValueToUpdate =
{ {123, 500} ,
{124, 250},
{125, 10},
{126, 350} };

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Transaction Example cont.
int iRecordsUpdate = 0;
for ( int items=0 ; items < arrValueToUpdate.length ;items++) {
int itemCode = arrValueToUpdate[items][0];
int qty = arrValueToUpdate[items][1];
updateQty.setInt(1,qty);
updateQty.setInt(2,itemCode);
iRecordsUpdate += updateQty.executeUpdate();
}
connection.commit();
System.out.println(iRecordsUpdate + " record(s) have been
updated");
} catch(SQLException sqle) {
System.out.println("" + sqle);

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Transaction Example cont.
try {
connection.rollback();
} catch(SQLException sqleRollback) {
System.out.println("" + sqleRollback);
}
}finally {
try {
connection.close();
}
catch(SQLException sqleClose) {
System.out.println("" + sqleClose);
}
}

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Prepared & Callable Statements
The PreparedStatement interface inherits from Statement and
differs from it in two ways:
1. Instances of PreparedStatement contain an SQL
statement that has already been compiled. This is
what makes a statement "prepared."
2. The SQL statement contained in a
PreparedStatement object may have one or more IN
parameters. An IN parameter is a parameter whose
value is not specified when the SQL statement is created.
Instead, the statement has a question mark ("?") as a
placeholder for each IN parameter. The "?" is also known
as a parameter marker. An application must set a value for
each question mark in a prepared statement before
executing the prepared statement.

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What Are They?

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PreparedStatement

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PreparedStatement cont.

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PreparedStatement Steps

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PreparedStatement Steps cont.

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PreparedStatement Steps

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PreparedStatement cont.

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CallableStatement

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CallableStatement cont.

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CallableStatement Example

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Thanks & Regards

Prakash Gyamlani

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