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Protective Alarms

Alarm- is a security device fitted to


property especially a house or car to
make a warning sound if a break-in
or theft is attempted.

Protective Alarm- it is an aural or


visual signal given by the enunciator
to security guard when intruder
actuates device in a protected area.

Enunciator- is a visual or audible-


signaling device which initiates
condition of associated circuits.
Basic Concept of Protective Alarms
- Another safeguard used to assist security to
complement if not to supplement physical security
is an array of alarms.
- Alarm systems are designed to alert security
personnel to consummated or attempted intrusion
into an area. Building or compound.
- Are not meant to prevent criminal acts.
- Types of alarm is activated in the event that an
intruder tampers the circuitry.
- In short intrusion alarms can be electrical,
mechanical or electronic.
Operation and Types of Intrusion Alarm System
1. Breaking an Electrical
Circuit through a metallic
foil or wire- all possible
point of entry can be wired by
using electrically charge
strips of tinfoil wire.
- Any actions that will move the
foil or wire break the circuit
and activate an alarm.
- Metallic foil or wire is used in
window or glass surfaces.
2. Interruption of Light Beam
of Photo Cell through a
photoelectric or Electric Eye
Device- an invincible light
beam is transmitted at a
frequency of several thousand
per second to a special
receiver.
Infrared filter over the light
source makes the beam
invincible to intruders.
3. The disadvantages of Photo-cell include the beam can be
bypassed by crawling underneath or climbing over it. Fog,
smoke, dust, rain and other vision obstructions may trigger
the alarm.
4. Detecting sound and Vibration
through an audio detection
device- supersensitive microphone
speaker sensors are installed in
walls, ceilings and floors of the
protected area of any sound caused
by attempted forced entry inspected
by the sensor.
This can be vaults, safes, storage
bins, file rooms. These microphones
distributed vibrations of sound
caused by attempts to entry into the
protected area.
The main advantage of this detector
device is its relatively low cost and
easy installation.
5. Vibration Detection Device-
the vibration sensitive sensor is
attached to walls, ceilings or
floors of the protected areas. The
sensor detects any vibration
caused by attempted forced
entry.
6. Space and Motion Detectors-
these system derive their
operating principle usually from
a physical phenomenon known
as Doppler Effect. Sound waves
in a cubicle disturbed by an
object will cause change of
frequency and wave motion
thereby causing an alarm to
trigger.
7. Penetration of an Electron or
Electromagnetic Fence- it is an
electronic fence consisting of 3 to 5
strands of wire spaced from 9 to
inches above one another which
serves as antenna, a monitor panel
and an electric circuitry.
- When the power is on an electric
magnetic field is set among the
wires from the top to the ground.
- This system is suggested to be
located inside the chain-link
fencing to minimize nuisance
alarms caused by animals, debris
blown by the wind and harmless
trespassers.
8. Foot Rail activator- placing the
front of their foot to engage the
activation bar placed on the floor in
such a position that tellers may
activate the alarm.

9. Bill Traps- currency activation


devices are usually placed in the
teller’s cash drawer and connected
to the alarm system using a wire
connector. When currency removed
from the devices the alarm is
activated.
The advantage of these device is
that the robbers frequently
removed the currency and activate
the alarm.
10. Knee or Thigh Button- these are installed inside the desk
or teller station so they can be activated by the knee or thigh
pressure. They are commonly found in location where
personnel usually perform their duties from a seated
position.
11. Foot Button- like the foot rail
permit alarm-activation safety
while both hands remain clear in
view of the robber.

12. Double Squeeze Buttons-


pressure is required on both side
of the device and therefore the
probability of accidental alarm is
reduced.
TYPES OF ALARM DETECTION SYSTEM

Central Station System- a type of protective alarm system


where the central station is located outside the installation. It
can be located in an agency and the installation is one of the
subscriber.
A system which the alarm signal is relayed to remote panel
located at the facilities of private owned protection service
company manned by its personnel.
The alarm Signal could be
transmitted to any following:
a. Direct wire system- used by
high-risk locations (banks,
jewelers and furriers.
b. Circuit party system- has a
circuit transmission system
where as many as 15 alarm
transmitters may send alarm to
a single receiving panel at the
central station over the same
time.
c. Multiplex system- reduces
leased telephone charges while
at the same time providing
higher degree of line security
than circuit-loop alarms.
d. Digital communicator- is a
computer based which send
signal through the regular
switch line telephone network.
The alarm signal transmitted
series of coded electronic
pulses that can only be
received on a computer-type
terminal at the central station.
e. Telephone dialer delivers
pre-coded verbal message to a
central station, answering
service or police department
when an alarm is detected.
f. Radio signaling transmission-
this method takes the alarm
signal from the protected
premises and sends it via radio or
cellular phone to either a central
station or police dispatch center.

g. Video verification- a video is


sent to central station. This
provides higher level of
protection while helping to
eliminate false alarms by allowing
central station operators to see
what is happening inside the
protected area.
Prepare for the next topic!!!!
2. Propriety System- this function is the same as the central
system except that it is owned and leased by the subscriber
and operated and located in the facility. Response to all
facility’s own security or fire personnel.
3. Local alarm System- consist of rigging up a visual or
audible alarm near the object to be protected a bell or lights
indicates an attempted or successful intrusion. It also serves
to notify burglars that they have been detected.
4. Auxiliary System- this system installation circuit are led
into local police or fire department by leased telephone lines
usually by special arrangements. There is high incidence of
false alarms have made this system unpopular with public fire
and police department.
5. Local Alarm-By-Chance System- a local alarm system in
which a bell or siren is sounded with no predictable response.
These system are use in residence and small retail
establishments which cannot afford a response system.
6. Dial Alarm- this system is set to dial a predestined number
when the alarm is activated. The number activated might be
the police or subscriber’s home number or both. When the
phone is answered a recording states that an intrusion is in
progress at the location so alarmed.
Three Parts of Alarm System

1. Sensor or trigger device


2. Circuits which carries messages to the signaling apparatus
3. Signaling system, sometimes called the enunciator.
Desirable Characteristics of Intrusion Alarm System
1. Detection unit should in initiate the alarm upon
instruction of a human being in the area or vicinity of the
protected object.

2. An enunciator console indicating the audible and or aural


signal and the specific location of incident so that proper
action can be made by security and other units.
3. Fail- a safe features give alarms in the enunciator when
something is wrong with the system.

4. System should be difficult to tamper or render ineffective


by outsiders, competitors or saboteurs.

5. Panel board central enunciator or operating console


monitoring activities should be removed at all times.
Transmission can be physical wires or radio.
Perimeter Protection
1. Door switches- are installed in door or window in such
way that opening causes magnet to move switch that
activates the alarm.

2. Metallic foil (window tape) – widely used to detect glass


breakage in show window. When glass break the foil it
interrupts the low voltage electrical circuit and activates
the alarm.
3. Glass break detector- attached to the glass and sense the
breakage of the glass by shock or sound.

4. Wooden screens- made of wooden dowel sticks in a cage


like fashion not more than 4 inches from each other. A very
fine brittle wires runs in a wooden dowel and frame. Burglar
must break the dowelling to break low voltage electrical
circuit to cause alarm.
5. Window screens- similar to regular wire window screens in
a home except that a fine coated wire is a part of the screen,
when the burglar cuts the screen causes alarm.
6 lace and paneling- surfaces of the door panels are protected
against entry by installing close lacelike. Entry cannot be
made without breaking the foil thus activating the alarm.

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