PREPARATION OF PHOTOCATALYTIC

HYDROGEL-METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLE

COMPOSITE FOR TEXTILE DYE DEGRADATION

Walasinee Jitbunpot 4972476923

 Adviser: Prof.Dr. Suda Kiatkamjornwong

Co-adviser: Dr. Wiyong
Kangwansupamonkon 1
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 Wastewater treatment
1. Chemical coagulation

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 Wastewater treatment
2. Biological Treatment

Aerated lagoon

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 Wastewater treatment
3. Activated Carbon

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 Wastewater treatment

3. Ozone Treatment

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 Advantages of TiO2/hydrogel composites

1. Superabsorbent polymer is able to absorb water

hundreds to thousands times of its weight.

2.Photocatalyst of TiO2/hydrogel is able to

degrade textile dyes.

3.This process utilizes cheaply available nontoxic

materials.

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Mechanism for water absorbing of
hydrogels

H O

H
COO- H O
O H
COO- HH
H H COO
-
OOC
H O
O H
-
OOC

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Photocatalysis mechanism of TiO2
Reduction H2 O
O2,O3
O2 -
H2O2 ●OH
e- e e-
-
e- e-
Conduction band
TiO2
3.2 eV Organic
CO 2+H2O
Valence band material
h+ h+
h+ h+

H2O
●OH
Oxidation 9
 Applications of Photocatalyst
NOx, SOx, CO, Formaldehyde and
etc...
Air
Purification
Organic chloride, Starch, Dyes and etc Garbage odor, Aldehyde, Ammonia,
Chloroform, Gasoline, Formaldehyde and etc

Water
Purification Deodorization
TiO2
Photocatalyst

Oil, Soil, Soot, Self clean,

Bacteria, Fungal, Algae, Pest infestation and etc Anti-fogging function and etc.

Sterilization Soil
Proof
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Application of Photocatalyst

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Applications of Photocatalyst

Self-cleaning

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 Application of Photocatalyst

Indoor Applications

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 Application of Photocatalyst
BLACK HOLE - TiO2 MOSQUITO TRAP

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 Literature Reviews

Removal of some textile dyes from aqueous solutions

by poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and
poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)/K2S2O2 hydrogels

Hydrogels : Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and

Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)/K2S2O8

Gamma irradiator : 24,64, 96, and 124 kGy

Temperature : ambient air

Textile dyes : Cibacron Blue (CB) F3GA, Methyl Orange (MO), Congo Red
(CR)

Radiation Physics and Chemistry 68 (2003) 811-818 16

 Photodegradation rate of MO solution under mercury
light radiation and sunlight radiation

% swelling
% swelling

a b

t (min) t (min)

Figure 1 photodegradation of MO under a) light radiation and b) sunlight radiation

Radiation Physics and Chemistry 68 (2003) 811-818 17

Swelling equilibrium (%) of PVP and PVP/K2S2O8
hydrogels in MO solutions (10 mg/100 ml Mo)

Dose (kGy) PVP PVP/K2S2O8

26 1264 1498
64 727 834
96 576 636
124 515 588

Radiation Physics and Chemistry 68 (2003) 811-818 18

 Literature Reviews

Effect of PVP on the photocatalytic

behavior of TiO2 under sunlight

Hydrogels : polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)

Metal oxide : Titanium dioxide (TiO2)

PVP/TiO2 : 20 wt.% (PT20), 30 wt.% (PT30) and 40 wt.%

(PT40) added during the sol–gel process.

Textile dyes : methylene red

W. Wang et al. / Materials Letters 57 (2003) 3276-3281 19

 Photodegradation rate of a methylene red solution under
a mercury light radiation and sunlight radiation.

C/C0
C/C0

a b

Time (hour) Time (hour)

Figure 2 photodegradation of Methylene red under

a) light radiation and b) sunlight radiation

W. Wang et al. / Materials Letters 57 (2003) 3276-3281 20

 Crystallite size and rutile mass fraction
calculated from XRD

Sample T PT20 PT30 PT40

Crystallite size (nm) 16.78 14.24 12.59 14.39

Rutile ratio (vol.%) 0 15.2 17.0 24.5

W. Wang et al. / Materials Letters 57 (2003) 3276-3281 21

 Literature Reviews

Synthesis and characterization of acrylamide-acrylic acid

hydrogels and adsorption of some textile dyes

Hydrogels : acrylamide (PAM) and acrylic acid

mole ratios 15/85, 20/30, 30/70

Gamma irradiator : 2.6, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 kGy

Temperature : ambient air

Textile dyes : Janus Green B (JGB)

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 151 (1999) 196-199
 Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and Langmuir
plot for adsorption of Janus Green B (JGB)
on poly(AAm/AAc) hydrogels.

30/70

20/80

15/85

Figure 3 Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and Langmuir plot

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 151 (1999) 196-199
 pH effect on poly(AAm/AAc) hydrogels

30/70 15/85

20/80

Figure 4 pH effect on poly(Aam/AAc) hydrogels

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 151 (1999) 196-199
 Literature Reviews

Removal of methylene blue dye from an aqueous

media using superabsorbent hydrogel supported
on modified polysaccharide

Hydrogels : Arabic gum is a cheap polysaccharide and

was modified with glycicyl methacrylate,
sodium acrylate and acrylamide (AGMA-AAm-AAc)
(1.5-0.5-0.5) and (1.0-0.5-0.5)

Textile dyes : Methylene blue

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 301 (2006) 55-62 25

 Water uptake capacity for (1.5-0.5-0.5) and
(1.0-0.5-0.5) SH as a function of immersion time

Figure 5 water uptake capacity for SHs as a function of immersion time

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 301 (2006) 55-62 26

Formation of an ionic complex between the imine groups
of MB and the carboxylic groups in hydrogels

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 301 (2006) 55-62 27

 Water uptake response of
(1.5-0.5-0.5) SH to changes in pH

pH = 8

pH = 2
Figure 5 water uptake capacity for (1.5-0.5-
0.5) SH as a function of pH

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 301 (2006) 55-62 28

 Literature Reviews

Preparation and photocatalytic degradability

of TiO2/polyacrylamide composite

Hydrogels : polyacrylamide (PAM)

Crosslinker : N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)

Initiator : ammonium persulfate (APS)

Metal oxide : Titanium dioxide (TiO2)

Temperature : 80 °C

Textile dyes : methyl orange

Q. Tang et al. / European Polymer Journal 43 (2007) 2214-2220 29

 Morphology of the photocatalyst

Q. Tang et al. / European Polymer Journal 43 (2007) 2214-2220 30

 Variation of color removal with
the amount of TiO2 in photocatalyst

Decoloration rate %

TiO2 (relative to the mass of acrylamide, %)

Figure 6 color removal as a function of the amount of TiO2

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Q. Tang et al. / European Polymer Journal 43 (2007) 2214-2220
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 Research Objectives

• To synthesize poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)

and study swelling of superabsorbent polymers

1. To study efficiency of textile dye degradation

with titanium nanoparticles immobilized
poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogel
composites

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Preparation of TiO2/poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)
composites

Purge N2
Acrylamide : Acrylic acid

TiO2

MBA

APS

TEMED

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Preparation of TiO2/poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)
composites

Purge N2
Acrylamide : Acrylic acid

TiO2

MBA

APS

TEMED

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Characterization

FTIR
NMR
SEM
TEM
XRD

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Photocatalytic Experiments

Direct Blue 71

ONa
O S OH

N N N N
O
S NH2
O S O NaO O

ONa O
S
O
ONa

UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

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Photocatalytic Experiments

Congo Red

NH2 NH2
N N N N

SO3Na SO3Na

UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

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 Prosperity from this research

1. To obtain knowledge of synthesis of

photocatalytic hydrogen-metal oxide nanoparticle
composites
2. To obtain knowledge of degradability of dye
textiles by photocatalytic process
3. To obtain TiO2/poly(AAm-AAc) composites as
photocatalyst to degrade dye textiles
4. To apply the synthesized material to degrade
dye textiles
5. To recovery and reuse the synthesized material
in the next cycle

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