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Video Camera Basic

A video camera captures moving images by converting light into electrical signals that can be saved or viewed. It contains a lens that focuses light onto a charged coupled device (CCD) which contains pixels that convert the light into electrical signals. These signals are recorded onto tape or memory and can later be converted back to images. There are different types of video cameras for various uses such as studio cameras, portable cameras, and consumer cameras.

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73 views18 pages

Video Camera Basic

A video camera captures moving images by converting light into electrical signals that can be saved or viewed. It contains a lens that focuses light onto a charged coupled device (CCD) which contains pixels that convert the light into electrical signals. These signals are recorded onto tape or memory and can later be converted back to images. There are different types of video cameras for various uses such as studio cameras, portable cameras, and consumer cameras.

Uploaded by

riyakapoor0408
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIDEO CAMERA

 A camera that captures moving images and converts them into


electronic signals so that they can be saved on storage device, such as
video tapes or hard drive or can be viewed on a monitor.

 A video camera records images on video tape or for transmitting them


to a monitor screen.

 The Video Camera is the single most important piece of production


equipment.

 To produce an optical image there is no need to be a skilled electronics


engineer all you need to do is to set the camera settings and just press the
right camera buttons.
Working :
All video camera work on the same basic principle,
the conversion of an optical image into electrical signal
that are reconverted by a television set into visible
images.

Specifically; the light that is reflected from object


is gathered by a lens and focused on the imaging or pick-
up device. The imaging device is the principle camera
element that converts the lights into electric energy. The
imaging or pick-up device consist of small solid state
device normally called CCD (Charged coupled devices).
The CCD contains hundreds of thousands of
image sensing elements called pixels (a word made up of
pix, for picture and els for elements) are arranged in
horizontal and vertical rows. Each pixel translates the
light to an electrical current.

These electrical signals travel to the recording


section. The current creates the small magnetic field
which is recorded on the magnetic coating of the tape. To
view the image the process is reversed.

The magnetic field on the tape creates an


electrical current which is used to generate the picture in
the viewfinder or in the television or monitor
Parts Of Camera:
LENS

The lens, which is made of glass, is used to let light to pass into the
camera. The lens on a video camera serves same function as the still camera’s
lens.
It draws in light and captures the image at which the camera
points. The function to change the focal distance of the eye so that it can focus
on object at various distance.
VIEWFINDER

The viewfinder is the area on the camera that you look through in order
to compose your shot or it shows a small video image of what the lens is
seeing .For some cameras an LCD screen is used as a viewfinder.
This can be a simple eye sized window (called as Optical Viewfinder) ,
or it may be small pixel screen called LCD or (Electronic Viewfinder) that folds
into the camera when not in use, many models have both versions.
Imaging Device
Charged Couple Device:

CCD is an imaging device or pick-up device that converts the optical image
as delivered by the lens into electrical signals. The CCD contains hundred of
thousands of image sensing elements, called pixels (a word made up of pix, for
picture and els, for elements), that are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows.
Its a device of light sensitive integrated circuit that stores and display the
data for an image in such a way that each pixel in the image is converted into an
electrical image.
Microphone:

The lens picks up only the visual images for the camera,
meaning this alone would create a silent pictures.
Video Cameras, therefore, also includes microphones that
record sound in the area while recording. The microphone is
usually mounted next to the lens and pointing in the same direction
so the audio and video are closely sync.
Types Of Video Camera

A number of factors can influence one’s choice of


camera including:

1) Cost initial and running cost.


2) Physical aspects: e.g. weight, portability, methods of
mounting.
3) Operational features: - e.g. facilities, controls,
handling flexibility (e.g. zoom range).
4) Electronic/optical performance: - e.g. Resolution, color
quality, picture noise; performance stability.
Studio Camera

They are most commonly found inside the studio, it is also


used outside in the field, where it is mounted relatively at a fixed
position.

As Studio cameras are heavy in weight they are mounted


on heavy duty wheel dollies pedestals or rolling tripods on a
panning head (pan and tilt head) which enables it to turn (pan) and
tilt. Its focus and zoom controls are usually fixed to the panning
handles which position the head.

To make it easier for the operator to accurately focus and


compose pictures, a full size 5 or 7 inch ,viewfinder is usually fitted
to the studio camera.

All studio cameras receive their power from a DC (direct


Portable Cameras:
Although the large studio cameras produce superior quality; they
do have the drawbacks of being costly, bulky, and heavy. So, as the high
performance and with much lower operating costs, portable cameras
become available; they were adopted by many organizations

The portable cameras can be used in several different formats: -

1. It may have a separate compact video cassette.


2. The cameras output may be routed via cable to a near by video tape
recorder.
3. The Camera may be connected to an up station (portable or van),
which transmits its output via a satellite to the control center.
Convertible cameras: -

Where a camera is convertible, you can use it in various


configurations i.e. fittings different kind of lenses, viewfinders, videotape
recorders etc, to suit a particular production.
For a studio show, the camera is mounted on a dolly; with the
larger viewfinder that is essential for flexible dolly operation. While you
can use its standard zoom lens.
When you want to shoulder-support your camera for maximum
mobility, you can fit light weight attachments a smaller hand operated
zoom, and a compact eye piece viewfinder because you are working up
close to the camera where you need them, you can attach a small camera
light and a microphone.
ENG/EFP cameras: -

Although systems are often designated as ENG (Electronic news


gathering) or EFP (electronic field production) they are in fact just
variations on the portable cameras.

1. ENG- (electronic news gathering) The camcorders used for news


gathering invariably work alone, are generally shoulder mounted with
a small camera light and microphone attached and powered by a
battery, belt power. It weights around 2 to 6 kg.

2. EFP- (electronic field production) Shooting away from the studio


program inserts, documentaries, magazine features; commercials etc
high grade portable cameras may be used in various configurations.
Most productions shoot with a single camcorder, but some times (e.g.
drama or sports event) a multi camera shoot is controlled at a central
point (CCU). The cameras may be setup on a mountings range from
a tripod to a portable pedestal or a jib arm or crane.
Consumer grade Cameras
Certain equipment formats found in the low budget non professional market
are now increasingly known as consumer camcorders.
The, Mini DV, Handy Cams and DVC videotape recorder formats in handheld
camcorders and the various desktop video facilities based on the personal computer,
reflect the high technical standards that are now achievable in minimum price.
These cameras are easy to handle as they don’t require much technical
specification. Now a days due to advancement in technology the video is recorded on a
memory card to make it easy to use or view.

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