BALLASTING AND

DEBALLASTING
OPERATION
HEAVEN F. FELOSOPO
2ND YEAR - BSMARE
WHAT IS BALLASTING

- Ballasting is the process of adding water or ballast (typically sea water) to

specific compartments or tanks within a ship to adjust its stability, draft,
and trim. The primary purpose of ballasting is to control the ship's weight
distribution, ensuring that it remains stable and safe during various phases
of its voyage.
WHY DO WE NEED TO DO BALLASTING?

is a crucial operation on ships for several reasons, as it plays a fundamental role in

ensuring the safety, stability, and operational efficiency of the vessel. Here are the main
reasons why ballasting is necessary for:
1. Stability: 1. Structural integrity

2. Draft control 2. Sailing Performance

3. Load Distribution 3. Regulatory compliance

4. Fuel Efficiency: 4. Operational Flexibility

5. Seakeeping 5. Safety
WHAT IS DEBALLASTING?

- Deballasting is the process of removing water or ballast from specific

compartments or tanks within the ship. The primary purpose of
deballasting is to restore the ship's draft, stability, and trim to their
desired conditions.
WHY DO WE NEED TO DO DEBALLASTING?

- deballasting is an essential maritime operation that allows ships to adjust their draft,
stability, and trim to meet regulatory requirements, adapt to changing cargo
conditions, and maintain safety and operational efficiency. Proper deballasting
practices contribute to the safe and environmentally responsible operation of
vessels. Deballasting is an important operation on ships with ballast tanks and it is
necessary for several reasons LIKE:

- DRAFT ADJUSTMENT - OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY

- CARGO OPERATION - ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
- STABILITY AND TRIM CONTROL - STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY
- FUEL EFFICIENCY - SAFETY
NEGATIVE EFFECT OF DEBALLASTING

- During deballasting operation it can affect the environment by discharging water in

sea with the following:
- Bacteria
- Microbes
- Microorganisms
- Invasive species (animals, plants, microorganism that came from other region in the
world that do not belong in their new environment.)
BALLAST WATER TREATMENT

- Ballast water treatment refers to the process of treating ballast water taken on by a
ship during loading and discharging operations to prevent the transfer of potentially
harmful or invasive aquatic species and pathogens from one region to another.
Ballast water is used by ships to maintain stability and balance by adjusting their
weight distribution. However, if this water is not properly managed and treated, it
can pose significant ecological and environmental risks. Ballast water treatment is
designed to mitigate these risks and comply with international regulations,
including the Ballast Water Management Convention.
BALLAST AND DEBALLAST
STEPS IN CONDUCTING BALLASTING.
- Safety Precautions:

- Before commencing the ballasting operation, the ship's crew must ensure that all safety measures are in place. This includes
ensuring that the ballast tank valves and associated systems are in proper working condition, and the tank is ready for ballasting.

- Selecting the Tanks:

- Determine which ballast tanks need to be filled based on the ship's stability requirements and the cargo being loaded or
unloaded.

- Setting Valves and Piping:

- The crew will configure the ship's valves and piping to direct seawater or ballast water to the selected ballast tanks. This is
typically done in the ship's ballast control room, which is equipped with control panels for the valves.
STEPS IN CONDUCTING BALLASTING.

- Starting the Pumps:

- Activate the ballast pumps that are responsible for drawing in water from the surrounding environment, such as the sea, and
pumping it into the designated ballast tanks. Ships often have multiple ballast pumps to allow for efficient ballasting.

- Monitoring and Control:

- Throughout the ballasting operation, the ship's crew will monitor the tank levels, pressures, and other parameters to ensure that
the tanks are filling at the desired rate and that the ship's stability is maintained.

- Adjusting Flow Rate:

- The flow rate of water into the ballast tanks may need to be adjusted to achieve the desired draft, stability, and trim, especially if
the ship is loading or unloading cargo.
STEPS IN CONDUCTING BALLASTING.
- Monitoring Weight and Stability:

- Continuously monitor the ship's weight distribution and stability to ensure that it remains within acceptable limits. Adjustments to the
ballasting operation may be made as needed.

- Stopping the Pumps:

- Once the ballast tanks are filled to the desired level and the ship's stability requirements are met, the ballast pumps are stopped.

- Valve Closing and Securing:

- Close the necessary valves to isolate the ballast tanks from the pumps and seawater source. Secure all equipment and systems to prevent
accidental discharges and maintain ship safety.

- Record Keeping:

- Accurate records of the ballasting operation, including the time, tank levels, and the amount of ballast water used, are maintained. This
documentation is often required for regulatory compliance.
STEPS IN CONDUCTING DE-BALLASTING.

- Safety Precautions:

- Prior to starting the deballasting operation, the ship's crew must ensure that all safety precautions are in place. This includes
confirming that the ballast tank valves and associated systems are in proper working condition and that the tank is ready for
deballasting.

- Selecting the Tanks:

- Determine which ballast tanks need to be emptied based on the ship's stability requirements and the specific cargo operations,
draft restrictions, or navigational requirements.

- Setting Valves and Piping:

- Configure the ship's valves and piping to direct water from the selected ballast tanks to the discharge point, typically overboard
or to a reception facility.
STEPS IN CONDUCTING DE-BALLASTING.

- Starting the Deballasting Pumps:

- Activate the deballasting pumps, which are responsible for drawing water from the ballast tanks and discharging it.
Ships typically have multiple deballasting pumps to ensure efficient and controlled deballasting.

- Monitoring and Control:

- Continuously monitor the tank levels, pressures, and other parameters to ensure that the tanks are emptying at the
desired rate and that the ship's stability is maintained.

- Adjusting Flow Rate:

- The flow rate of water out of the ballast tanks may need to be adjusted to achieve the desired draft, stability, and trim,
especially if the ship is discharging cargo or adjusting its weight distribution.
STEPS IN CONDUCTING DE-BALLASTING.
- Monitoring Weight and Stability:

- Continuously monitor the ship's weight distribution and stability to ensure that it remains within acceptable limits. Adjustments to the
deballasting operation may be made as needed.

- Stopping the Deballasting Pumps:

- Once the ballast tanks are empty to the desired level and the ship's stability requirements are met, the deballasting pumps are stopped.

- Valve Closing and Securing:

- Close the necessary valves to isolate the ballast tanks from the pumps and discharge point. Secure all equipment and systems to prevent
accidental discharges and maintain ship safety.

- Record Keeping:

- Accurate records of the deballasting operation, including the time, tank levels, and the amount of ballast water discharged, are maintained.
This documentation is often required for regulatory compliance.
THANK YOU!