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    Lecture 1

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    Roshan Charagh
    This document contains a summary of the Engineering Analysis course for Fall 2009 taught by Professor Dan C. Marinescu. It includes information about class organization, grading, textbook, and an overview of the course content which involves numerical methods, algorithmic aspects, practical applications in Matlab, and modeling physical systems analytically and through numerical simulation. Example problems are presented on modeling the velocity of a bungee jumper analytically using differential equations and numerically using finite differences.

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    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Roshan Charagh
    20 views22 pages
    This document contains a summary of the Engineering Analysis course for Fall 2009 taught by Professor Dan C. Marinescu. It includes information about class organization, grading, textbook, and an overview of the course content which involves numerical methods, algorithmic aspects, practical applications in Matlab, and modeling physical systems analytically and through numerical simulation. Example problems are presented on modeling the velocity of a bungee jumper analytically using differential equations and numerically using finite differences.

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    Lecture1

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    This document contains a summary of the Engineering Analysis course for Fall 2009 taught by Professor Dan C. Marinescu. It includes information about class organization, grading, textbook, and an overview of the course content which involves numerical methods, algorithmic aspects, practical applications in Matlab, and modeling physical systems analytically and through numerical simulation. Example problems are presented on modeling the velocity of a bungee jumper analytically using differential equations and numerically using finite differences.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    20 views22 pages

    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Roshan Charagh
    This document contains a summary of the Engineering Analysis course for Fall 2009 taught by Professor Dan C. Marinescu. It includes information about class organization, grading, textbook, and an overview of the course content which involves numerical methods, algorithmic aspects, practical applications in Matlab, and modeling physical systems analytically and through numerical simulation. Example problems are presented on modeling the velocity of a bungee jumper analytically using differential equations and numerically using finite differences.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Engineering Analysis – Fall 2009

    Dan C. Marinescu
    Office: HEC 439 B
    Office hours: Tu-Th 11:00-12:00
    Class organization
     Class webpage:
     www.cs.ucf.edu/~dcm/Teaching/EngineeringAnalysis
     Textbook:
     "Applied Numerical Methods with Matlab" (Second
    Edition) by S. C. Chapra. Publisher Mc. Graw Hill
    2008. ISBN 978-0-07-313290-7
     Class Notes.

    Lecture 1 2
    Grade

    Homeworks Projects Midterm Final


    20% 30% 20% 30%

    Weight of different activities

    Lecture 1 3
    Algorithmic aspects of
    numerical methods

    Practical use
    Applications
    of Matlab

    Lecture 1 4
     The textbook covers five categories of
    numerical methods:

    Lecture 1 5
    Lecture 1

     Motivation for the use of mathematical


    software packages
     From Models to Analytical and to
    Numerical Simulation
     Example

    Lecture 1 6
    Motivation
     Science and engineering demand a quantitative analysis
    of physical phenomena. Such an analysis requires a
    sophisticated mathematical apparatus.
     Computers are very helpful; several software packages
    for mathematical software exist.
     Specialized packages such as Ellpack for solving elliptic
    boundary value problems.
     General-purpose systems are:
     (i) Mathematica of Wolfram Research;
     (ii) Maple of Maplesoft;
     (iii) Matlab of Mathworks); and
     (iv) IDL.

    Lecture 1 7
    Mathematica
     All-purpose mathematical software package.
     It integrates
     swift and accurate symbolic and numerical calculation,
     all-purpose graphics, and
     a powerful programming language.
     It has a sophisticated ``notebook interface'' for
    documenting and displaying work. It can save individual
    graphics in several graphics format.
     Its functional programming language (as opposed to
    procedural) makes it possible to do complex programming
    using very short concise commands; it does, however,
    allow the use of basic procedural programming constructs
    like Do and For.
     Drawbacks: steeper learning curve for beginners used to
    procedural languages; more expensive.
    Lecture 1 8
    Maple
     Powerful analytical and mathematical software.
     Does the same sorts of things that Mathematica does,
    with similar high quality.
     Maple's programming language is procedural (like C or
    Fortran or Basic) although it has a few functional
    programming constructs.
     Drawbacks: Worksheet interface/typesetting not as
    developed as Mathematica's, but it is less expensive.

    Lecture 1 9
    Matlab
     Combines efficient computation, visualization and
    programming for linear-algebraic technical work and
    other mathematical areas.
     Widely used in the Engineering schools.
     Drawbacks: Does not support analytical/symbolic
    math.

    Lecture 1 10
    Models
     Abstractions of physical, social, economical, systems
    or phenomena.
     Design to allow us to understand complex systems or
    phenomena.
     A model captures only aspects of the original system
    relevant for the type of analysis being conducted.
     Example: the study of the liftoff properties of a wing in
    a wind tunnel.

    Lecture 1 11
    Computer simulation
     Theoretical studies, experiment and computer
    simulation are three exploratory methods in science
    and engineering.
     In this class we are only concerned with computer
    models of physical systems.

    Lecture 1 12
    Mathematical Models
     A formulation or equation that expresses the essential
    features of a physical system or process in
    mathematical terms.
     Models can be represented by a functional relationship
    between:
     dependent variables,
     independent variables,
     parameters, and
     forcing functions.

    Dependent independent forcing 


     f  , parameters, 
    variable  variables functions
    Lecture 1 13
    Mathematical Model (cont’d)
    •Dependent variable  a characteristic that usually
    reflects the behavior or state of the system
    •Independent variables  dimensions, such as time and
    space, along which the system’s behavior is being
    determined
    •Parameters  constants reflective of the system’s
    properties or composition
    •Forcing functions  external influences acting upon the
    system

    Lecture 1 14
    Mathematical Model (cont’d)
     Conservation laws provide the foundation for many
    model functions. Examples of such laws:
     Conservation of mass
     Conservation of momentum
     Conservation of charge
     Conservation of energy
     Some system models will be given as implicit functions
    or as differential equations - these can be solved
    either using analytical methods or numerical methods.

    Lecture 1 15
    Mathematical Model (cont’d)
    •Dependent variable  a characteristic that usually
    reflects the behavior or state of the system
    •Independent variables  dimensions, such as time and
    space, along which the system’s behavior is being
    determined
    •Parameters  constants reflective of the system’s
    properties or composition
    •Forcing functions  external influences acting upon the
    system

    Lecture 1 16
    Analytical versus numerical methods for
    model solving
     Once a mathematical model is constructed one could
    use
     Analytical methods
     Numerical methods
     Analytical methods
     Produce exact solutions
     Not always feasible
     May require mathematical sophystication
     Numerical methods
     Produce an approximate solution
     The time to solve a numerical problem is a function of the
    desired accuracy of the approximation.

    Lecture 1 17
    Example: the analytical model
    Consider a bungee jumper in midair. The model for its
    velocity is given by the differential equation:
    dv cd 2
     g v
    dt m
    The change in velocity is affected by: the gravitational
    force which pulls it down and are opposed by the drag
    force

    Dependent variable - velocity v


    Independent variables - time t
    Parameters - mass m, drag coefficient cd
    Forcing function - gravitational acceleration g
    Lecture 1 18
    Example – the analytical solution
    gm  gc 
    vt  tanh d
    t 
    cd  m 
    The model can be used to generate a graph. Example: the velocity of a
    68.1 kg jumper, assuming a drag coefficient of 0.25 kg/m

    

    Lecture 1 19
    Example: numerical solution
     For the numerical solution we observe that the time
    rate of change of velocity can be approximated as:

    dv v vti1  vti 
     
    dt t ti1  ti

    Lecture 1 20
    Example: numerical results
     The efficiency and accuracy of numerical
    methods depend upon how the method is
    applied.
     Applying the previous method in 2 s intervals
    yields:

    Lecture 1 21
    The solution of the analytical model

     Done on the white board.

    Lecture 1 22

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