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Phrase and Its Types - II

The document discusses different types of phrases: appositive phrases, absolute phrases, and verbals. An appositive phrase renames a noun and acts as an adjective. An absolute phrase modifies a sentence as a whole and lacks a finite verb. Verbals include gerund phrases, participial phrases, and infinitive phrases, which are formed from verbs but function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs rather than verbs. Examples are provided for each type of phrase.

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64 views7 pages

Phrase and Its Types - II

The document discusses different types of phrases: appositive phrases, absolute phrases, and verbals. An appositive phrase renames a noun and acts as an adjective. An absolute phrase modifies a sentence as a whole and lacks a finite verb. Verbals include gerund phrases, participial phrases, and infinitive phrases, which are formed from verbs but function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs rather than verbs. Examples are provided for each type of phrase.

Uploaded by

Manal Hajra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Phrase and its Types (Part-II)

Dr. Khalil Ahmad


Appositive phrase (Ap.P)
An appositive is a noun phrase that renames another noun or
pronoun.
An appositive phrase consists of an appositive and all its modifiers to
modify a noun or pronoun. An appositive phrase acts as an adjective.

For example:
Sheza, my student with blue scarf, controlled the class.
The author, Victor Hugo, was born in France.
My friend, an English teacher, migrated to England.
Absolute Phrase (Ab.P)

An absolute phrase is a group of words that modifies an


independent clause/sentence as a whole. An absolute is made
up of a noun and its modifiers (which frequently, but not always,
include a participle).
It resembles a clause but it lack a true finite verb. It is separated by a
comma from the rest sentence.

Examples
• He looks sad, his face expressing worry.
• The storm having passed, we went outside to assess the
damage.
• She was waiting for her friend, her eyes on the clock.
• John is painting a wall, his shirt dirty with paint.
Verbals

The following three types of phrases, i.e. Gerund phrase,


Participial phrase and Infinitive phrase are called verbals.

• They are called ‘verbals’ because they are formed of verbs


but they do not function as verbs.
Gerund phrase (GP)
A gerund phrase consists of a gerund (verb + ing) and modifiers or
other words associated with the gerund. A gerund phrase acts as a
noun in a sentence.

Examples

I like writing good essays. (As noun/object)


She started thinking about the problem. (As noun/object)
Sleeping late in night is not a good habit. (As noun/subject)
Weeping of a baby woke him up. (As noun/subject)
Participial Phrase (Pl.P)

A participial phrase consists of a present participle (verb + ing), a past


participle (verb ending in -ed or other form in case of irregular verbs)
and modifiers or other associate words. A participle phrase is
separated by commas. It always acts as an adjective in a sentence.

Examples

The kids, making a noise, need food. (modifies kids)


I received a letter, mentioning about my exam. (modifies letter)
The table, made of steel, is too expensive. (modifies table)
We saw a car, damaged in an accident. (modifies car)
Infinitive Phrase (Ive. P)

An infinitive phrase consist of an infinitive (to + base form of verb) and


modifiers or other words associated to the infinitive.
An infinitive phrase always functions as an adjective, adverb or a noun in
a sentence.

Examples.

He likes to read books. (As noun/object)


To earn money is a desire of everyone. (As noun/subject)
He shouted to inform people about fire. (As adverb, modifies verb shout)
He made a plan to buy a car. (As adjective, modifies noun plan)

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