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Antiderivative and Indefinite Integrals

The document discusses antiderivatives and indefinite integrals. It provides the following key points: 1) An antiderivative of a function f(x) is any function F(x) whose derivative is f(x). Antiderivatives can differ by a constant. 2) The indefinite integral represents the family of all antiderivatives of a function. It is written as the integral sign followed by the integrand and dx. 3) Examples are provided of computing antiderivatives using properties such as the power rule and rules for constants, exponentials, and logarithms. Properties for integrating sums and differences are also outlined.

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Mark Belsonda
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231 views11 pages

Antiderivative and Indefinite Integrals

The document discusses antiderivatives and indefinite integrals. It provides the following key points: 1) An antiderivative of a function f(x) is any function F(x) whose derivative is f(x). Antiderivatives can differ by a constant. 2) The indefinite integral represents the family of all antiderivatives of a function. It is written as the integral sign followed by the integrand and dx. 3) Examples are provided of computing antiderivatives using properties such as the power rule and rules for constants, exponentials, and logarithms. Properties for integrating sums and differences are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Mark Belsonda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The reverse operation of finding a derivative is called the

antiderivative. A function F is an antiderivative of a function f if


F ’(x) = f (x).

1) Find the antiderivative of f(x) = 5 Theorem 1:

Find several functions that have the derivative of 5 If a function


has more than
Answer: 5x; 5x+ 1; 5x -3; one
antiderivative,
2) Find the antiderivative of f(x) = x2
then the
Find several functions that have the derivative of x2 antiderivatives
differ by at
1 3 1 3 1 3 most a
Answer: x ; or x  ; or x  e constant.
3 3 3
 The graphs of antiderivatives are vertical translations
of each other.

 For example: f(x) = 2x


Find several functions that are the antiderivatives
for f(x)

Answer: x2,
x2 + 1,
x2 + 3,
x2 - 2,
x2 + c (c is any real number)
Let f (x) be a function. The family of all functions that are
antiderivatives of f (x) is called the indefinite integral and has

the symbol f ( x) dx

The symbol  is called an integral sign, and the function f (x)


is called the integrand. The symbol dx indicates that anti-
 f ( x) dx  F ( x)  C
differentiation is performed with respect to the variable x.
By the previous theorem, if F(x) is any antiderivative of f, then

The arbitrary constant C is called the constant of integration.


n 1
x
1.  x n dx   C , n   1 (power rule)
n 1
  C
x x
2. e dx e
1
3.  x dx  ln | x | C
4.  k f ( x) dx  k  f ( x) dx
5.   f ( x)  g ( x) dx   f ( x) dx   g ( x) dx
It is important to note that property 4 states that a constant
factor can be moved across an integral sign. A variable
factor cannot be moved across an integral sign.
A)  2dx  2 x  C

 16e dt  16e
t
B) t
C

 x5  3 5
 3x dx 
4
C) 3   C  x  C
 5 5
   
5 2
D) ( 2 x 3 x 1) dx

  2 x 5 dx   3 x 2 dx   1dx
x 6
 x 3

 2   3   1x  C
 6   3 
1 6
 x  x  xC
3

3
 23 3 
A)
 
 2 x  
x 
4
dx 
2 2
  2 x dx   3 x dx  2 x dx  3 x  4 dx
4
 
3 3

 5 
 x3   x 3  5
6 3 3
 2   3   C  x  x  C
 5   3  5
 
 3  5
6 3 1
 x  3 C
5 x
3
B)
 dw  4  w dw 
5 3
4 w 5

 8 
 w5  5
8
 4   C  x5  C
 8  2
 
 5 
 x  8 x dx 
 x  8x
4 3
 2
C)
  x 2
 dx 

  x dx   8 xdx
2

x3
x  2
  8   C
3  2
3
x
  4x  C
2

3
     x 
2
D) ( x 2)( x 3) dx 3
 3 x 2  2 x  6 dx 

  x dx   3 x dx   2 xdx   6dx
3 2

x 4
x  x
3 2

  3   2   6 x  C
4  3  2 
4
x
  x3  x 2  6 x  C
4

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