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Umesh Patidar PPT On Java Final PPT 011

This document provides an introduction to Java programming concepts including: 1) Java syntax and the Java API are introduced along with examples of stand-alone Java programs and Java applets. 2) Key features of Java like platform independence and security are highlighted. 3) The differences between applets, servlets, and applications are explained as well as how to build standalone Java programs.

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36 views23 pages

Umesh Patidar PPT On Java Final PPT 011

This document provides an introduction to Java programming concepts including: 1) Java syntax and the Java API are introduced along with examples of stand-alone Java programs and Java applets. 2) Key features of Java like platform independence and security are highlighted. 3) The differences between applets, servlets, and applications are explained as well as how to build standalone Java programs.

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dgbtsfgbsa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Indira Gandhi Government Engineering

Sagar, Madhya-Pradesh
College
Internship Presentation on

Submitted To – Prof. RSS Rawat Submitted By – Umesh Patidar


Sir Enrollment No. – 0601IT211056
(HOD of IT Department )
Introduction to Java
Introduction
• Present the syntax of Java
• Introduce the Java API
• Demonstrate how to build
• stand-alone Java programs
• Java applets, which run within browsers e.g. Netscape
• Example programs
Why Java?

• It’s the current “hot” language


• It’s almost entirely object-oriented
• It has a vast library of predefined objects and operations
• It’s more platform independent
• this makes it great for Web programming
• It’s more secure
Applets, Servlets and Applications

• An applet is designed to be embedded in a Web page, and run by a


browser
• Applets run in a sandbox with numerous restrictions; for example,
they can’t read files and then use the network
• A servlet is designed to be run by a web server
• An application is a conventional program
Building Standalone JAVA Programs (on
UNIX)
• Prepare the file foo.java using an editor
• Invoke the compiler: javac foo.java
• This creates foo.class
• Run the java interpreter: java foo
Java Virtual Machine
• The .class files generated by the compiler are not executable binaries
• so Java combines compilation and interpretation
• Instead, they contain “byte-codes” to be executed by the Java Virtual
Machine
• other languages have done this, e.g. UCSD Pascal
• This approach provides platform independence, and greater security
HelloWorld (standalone)
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}

• Note that String is built in


• println is a member function for the System.out class
Comments are almost like C++

• /* This kind of comment can span multiple lines */


• // This kind is to the end of the line
Primitive data types are like C

• Main data types are int, double, boolean, char


• Also have byte, short, long, float
• boolean has values true and false
• Declarations look like C, for example,
• double x, y;
• int count = 0;
Expressions are like C (Operator)

• Assignment statements mostly look like those in C; you


can use =, +=, *= etc.
• Arithmetic uses the familiar + - * / %
• Java also has ++ and --
• Java has boolean operators && || !
• Java has comparisons < <= == != >= >
• Java does not have pointers or pointer arithmetic
Conditional statements / loops

• if (x < y) smaller = x;
• if (x < y){ smaller=x;sum += x;}
else { smaller = y; sum += y; }
• while (x < y) { y = y - x; }
• do { y = y - x; } while (x < y)
• for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) sum += i;
Control statements II

switch (n + 1) {
case 0: m = n - 1; break;
case 1: m = n + 1;
case 3: m = m * n; break;
default: m = -n; break;
}
• Java also introduces the try statement, about which more later
Java isn't C!

• In C, almost everything is in functions


• In Java, almost everything is in classes
• There is often only one class per file
• There must be only one public class per file
• The file name must be the same as the name of that public class, but
with a .java extension
Java program layout

• A typical Java file looks like:

import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
public class SomethingOrOther {
// object definitions go here
...
}

This must be in a file named SomethingOrOther.java !


What is a class?

• Early languages had only arrays


• all elements had to be of the same type
• Then languages introduced structures (called
records, or structs)
• allowed different data types to be grouped
• Then Abstract Data Types (ADTs) became popular
• grouped operations along with the data
So, what is a class?

• A class consists of
• a collection of fields, or variables, very much like the named fields of a struct
• all the operations (called methods) that can be performed on those fields
• can be instantiated
• A class describes objects and operations defined on those objects
An example of a class

class Person {
String name;
int age;
void birthday ( ) {
age++;
System.out.println (name + ' is now ' + age);
}
}
Another example of a class

class Driver extends Person {


long driversLicenseNumber;
Date expirationDate;
}
Creating and using an object

• Person john;
john = new Person ( );
john.name = "John Smith";
john.age = 37;
• Person mary = new Person ( );
mary.name = "Mary Brown";
mary.age = 33;
mary.birthday ( );
An array is an object

• Person mary = new Person ( );


• int myArray[ ] = new int[5];
• or:
• int myArray[ ] = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25};
• String languages [ ] = {"Prolog", "Java"};

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