WEEK 1 Students Lecture

What is it?
Earth exists for 4.543 billion years.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

What is it?
The presence of life on Earth was made
possible due to the following factors:
1. Temperature
Low temperature slows down chemical
reaction and produces ice that makes
liquid water unavailable. High
temperature can cause break down
of important biological molecules.
What is it?
1. Temperature
In Earth’s condition,
temperature is just right to
support life.
What is it?
2. Water
It is one of the important ingredients on
the different biological processes.
Absence of this will interfere
reactions necessary for life.
What is it?
2. Water
Water in earth has different forms. It
is solid (ice) in the 2 poles and liquid
along the equator which allows living
organisms to consume it.
What is it?
3. Atmosphere
It provides significant insulation or shielding
from the sun and impact of small to medium
size meteorites.
Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2)
and methane (CH4) traps heat and avoid our
planet from freezing.
What is it?
3. Atmosphere
Moreover, ozone (O3)
layer shields the Earth’s
surface from harmful UV
radiation.
3. Atmosphere
Size of the planet and its distance from the sun
affects its ability to hold significant amount of
atmosphere. Earth has a right size and distance
from the sun that permits it to have a right
amount of atmosphere. The presence of gravity
also helps in sustaining its atmosphere.
What is it?
4. Energy
Earth has available energy- rich sunlight to
support life. Living organisms like plants and
photosynthetic bacteria use light as the
source of their energy.
4. Energy
Earth is at right position from the sun that
enables it to harness enough amount of
sunlight.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

What is it?
5. Nutrients
It is an essential factor used to build and
maintain organism’s body structure.
In Earth, there are processes that recycle

nutrients. Water, carbon and oxygen,
phosphate and nitrogen cycles.
5. Nutrients Volcanism also helps in
cycling the nutrients.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
What is it?
Biosphere Hydrosphere
Earth is a complex
system of
interrelating physical,
chemical and
biological processes.
Geosphere Atmosphere
What is it?
Atmosphere serves as the

Earth’s blanket.
The air in the atmosphere
is generally composed of
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen,
0.9% argon and the
remaining 0.10% is made up
of different trace gases
and vapor.
What is it?
It serves as the Earth’s

protection form harmful UV
rays and keeps the planet
warm through green house
gasses.
Atmosphere is affected by
the Earth’s gravity.
altitude
amount of
gases in
What is it?
Geosphere comes from the

Greek word geos meaning
ground. It pertains to
the solid part of the earth.
It is composed of naturally
occurring solid aggregate
of minerals, organic
material or natural glass
called rocks.
What is it?
It is also composed of loose

particles of rocks that
enveloped the surface of
Earth called regolith.
It contains all the soil,

rocks, and minerals present
in the crust to the core of
the Earth.
What is it?
Hydrosphere is composed of
all the water on Earth in
any form. This can either
be in a form of water
vapor and liquid water.
Another part of this
subsystem is the
permanently frozen parts
called cryosphere.
What is it?
Earth is the only planet in

the solar system that are
known to contains
water in all three phases.
Water on Earth is constant
and consistently moving
because of temperature
and salinity.
What is it?
It also plays an important

role in absorption
and redistribution of solar
radiation.
What is it?
Biosphere is composed of
all living things and the
areas where they are
found. It includes all
animals, microbes, and
plants.
In biosphere, each
organism plays an important
role the food web.
What is it?
Matter and
energy flows and
cycle between
the four
subsystems to
sustain
and make life on
Earth possible.
What is it?
It is also generally where

the spheres intersect and
affect each other. The
processes that move matter
and energy from one sphere
to another is called as
sphere interactions.
What is it?
Changes in any sphere

greatly affect the other
spheres as well since all
the spheres are
interconnected system.
What is it?
The four subsystems are

closely linked through the
biogeochemical cycles
which involves biological,
geochemical and chemical
factors.
What is it?
These cycles are

alleyways by which
substances move through
biotic which is biosphere
and abiotic which are
geosphere, atmosphere and
hydrosphere, components of
Earth.
What is it?
It allows the circulation of

important nutrients that
form and support life like
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus, calcium and
water. It maintains the
balance of substances in
the different subsystem of
the Earth.
What is it?
Any interference and

disturbances in the
flow of matter and
energy may cause
damage to any of the
subsystems and its
components.

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What is it?

Earth exists for 4.543 billion years.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

In Earth, there are processes that recycle

Atmosphere serves as the

It serves as the Earth’s

Geosphere comes from the

It is also composed of loose

It contains all the soil,

Earth is the only planet in

It also plays an important

It is also generally where

Changes in any sphere

The four subsystems are

These cycles are

It allows the circulation of

Any interference and

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