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    Stored Procedures

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    Janitha Chamaka
    Stored procedures allow defining a programming interface for the database rather than allowing direct interaction. They encapsulate SQL queries and validation logic. A stored procedure uses PL/SQL to define a named block of code that can take parameters, perform data manipulation, and return values. This document provides examples of creating, calling, and using stored procedures with parameters, cursors, exceptions, and return statements.

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    Stored Procedures

    Uploaded by

    Janitha Chamaka
    29 views23 pages
    Stored procedures allow defining a programming interface for the database rather than allowing direct interaction. They encapsulate SQL queries and validation logic. A stored procedure uses PL/SQL to define a named block of code that can take parameters, perform data manipulation, and return values. This document provides examples of creating, calling, and using stored procedures with parameters, cursors, exceptions, and return statements.

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    Stored procedures allow defining a programming interface for the database rather than allowing direct interaction. They encapsulate SQL queries and validation logic. A stored procedure uses PL/SQL to define a named block of code that can take parameters, perform data manipulation, and return values. This document provides examples of creating, calling, and using stored procedures with parameters, cursors, exceptions, and return statements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views23 pages

    Stored Procedures

    Uploaded by

    Janitha Chamaka
    Stored procedures allow defining a programming interface for the database rather than allowing direct interaction. They encapsulate SQL queries and validation logic. A stored procedure uses PL/SQL to define a named block of code that can take parameters, perform data manipulation, and return values. This document provides examples of creating, calling, and using stored procedures with parameters, cursors, exceptions, and return statements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Stored Procedures

    S.Naji
    [email protected]
    Stored procedures
    A stored procedure is a named set of PL/SQL statements
    designed to perform an action. Stored procedures are
    stored inside the database. They define a programming
    interface for the database rather than allowing the client
    application to interact with database objects directly.
    Stored procedures are typically used for data validation
    or to encapsulate large, complex processing instructions
    that combine several SQL queries.
    Stored functions have a single return value parameter.
    Unlike functions, procedures may or may not return
    values.
    Procedure format
    CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE
    procedure_name
    [ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
    IS
    [declaration_section]
    BEGIN
    executable_section
    [EXCEPTION
    exception_section]
    END [procedure_name];
    Simple Procedure
    CREATE PROCEDURE ins
     IS
     begin
     insert into users values(1,'a');
     end;
    /
    Calling the procedure (pl/sql)
    begin
     ins;
    Ins;
     end;
    /
    Example 2
    create table Employee(
     ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL,
     First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
     Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
     Start_Date DATE,
     End_Date DATE,
     Salary Number(8,2),
     City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
     Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
     )
     /
    Inserting Data
    insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name,
    Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
     values ('01','Jason',
    'Martin',to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'),
    to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto',
    'Programmer')
     /

    Select * from employee; (View the table)


    Creating sequence
    Sequence is used to Enter some Numbers(Sequence
    order) to the tables, always it will give the next value for
    the sequence. We can determine the minimum and
    maximum limit of the sequence.

    CREATE SEQUENCE sequence_name


    MINVALUE value
    MAXVALUE value
    START WITH value
    INCREMENT BY value
    CACHE value;
    Example
    CREATE SEQUENCE sup
    MINVALUE 1
    MAXVALUE 99
    START WITH 1
    INCREMENT BY 1
    CACHE 20;
    Creating sequence for the above program

    create sequence student_sequence;


    Dropping a sequence (After the usage)
     drop sequence sequence_name;
    Creating Procedure
     CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE AddNewEmployee (
     p_FirstName employee.first_name%TYPE,
     p_LastName employee.last_name%TYPE,
     p_Salary employee.salary%TYPE) AS
     BEGIN
     INSERT INTO employee (ID, first_name, last_name,salary)
     VALUES (student_sequence.nextval, p_FirstName,p_LastName,p_Salary);
     COMMIT;
     END;
     /
     Should be mention before procedure
     Create sequence student_sequence;
     begin
     AddNewEmployee(‘hh’,’jjkk’,34000)
     End;
    Calling a procedure
    DECLARE
     v_NewFirstName employee.first_name%TYPE := 'Margaret';
     v_NewLastName employee.last_name%TYPE := 'Mason';
     v_NewSalary employee.salary%TYPE := 2000;
     BEGIN
     -- Add Margaret Mason to the database.
     AddNewEmployee(v_NewFirstName, v_NewLastName,
    v_NewSalary);
     END;
     /
    Example 3
     CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
     p_factor IN NUMBER
     ) AS
     BEGIN
     UPDATE employee
     SET salary = salary * p_factor;
     COMMIT;
     EXCEPTION
     WHEN OTHERS THEN
     ROLLBACK;
     END update_employee_salary;
     /
    Calling a procedure (Simple call)

    CALL update_employee_salary(1.5);
    DBMS_output.put_line
     set SERVEROUTPUT ON
     Set echo on
     (To use DBMS_output.put_line )

     CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_change_s (i_emp_id


    IN VARCHAR2) AS
     BEGIN
     UPDATE employee set City = 'New' WHERE id = i_emp_id;

     DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('updated ');
     END emp_change_s;
     /
    Calling the Procedure
    call emp_change_s('01');
    Simple Example DBMS_output.put_line
     create or replace procedure p_hello
     is
     v_string varchar2(256):='Hello, World!';
     begin
     dbms_output.put_line(v_string);
     end;
     /
    Calling
    begin
    p_hello;
     end;
     /
    Current Record Access
     CREATE TABLE customer
     (customer_id NUMBER(7),
     customer_name VARCHAR2(50),
     phone VARCHAR2(15),
     address VARCHAR2(400),
     city VARCHAR2(35),
     state VARCHAR2(30),
     country VARCHAR2(30),
     zip_code VARCHAR2(10),
     credit_rating VARCHAR2(9),
     sales_rep_id NUMBER(7),
     region_id NUMBER(7),
     comments VARCHAR2(255),
     preferred_customer VARCHAR2(1) DEFAULT 'N' NOT NULL,
     shipping_method VARCHAR2(1) DEFAULT 'M' NOT NULL);
    Insert Rows
    INSERT INTO customer VALUES (201, 'Jane', '111-1111',
    '7 AVE','SAO', NULL, 'BRAZIL', NULL,
    'EXCELLENT',12, 2, 'A', 'N', 'M');
    INSERT INTO customer VALUES (207, 'Cat', '777-
    7777', '6 STREET','LAGOS', NULL, 'NIGERIA', NULL,
    'GOOD', NULL, 3, NULL,'N', 'M');
    Procedure with Cursor
     CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE display_customers
     AUTHID CURRENT_USER IS
     CURSOR cur_cust IS
     SELECT customer_id, customer_name
     FROM customer;
     BEGIN
     FOR cur_cust_rec IN cur_cust LOOP
     DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Id: ' ||
    cur_cust_rec.customer_id || CHR(9) || ' Customer Name: ' ||
    cur_cust_rec.customer_name);
     END LOOP;
     END;
     /
    Calling
    Begin
    Display_customers;
    End;
    /
    Return from Procedure
    create or replace procedure p_print (i_string in
    VARCHAR2,i_replace in VARCHAR2 := 'new') is
     begin
     if i_string is null then
    return;
     end if;
     DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(replace(i_string,'<in>',
    i_replace));
     end;
     /
    Calling and declaring
    declare
     v VARCHAR2(50):= 'I just printed my <in> line!';
     begin
     p_print (v,'first');
     p_print (v,'second');
     p_print (v);
     end;
     /

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