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Lecture 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of Human Computer Interaction (HCI). It defines HCI as the design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems for human use. It discusses that HCI involves understanding users and their tasks, as well as applying principles of usability and user-centered design. The goal of HCI is to develop systems that are safe, effective, efficient, and usable for people.

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Minahel Noor Fatima
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52 views

Lecture 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of Human Computer Interaction (HCI). It defines HCI as the design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems for human use. It discusses that HCI involves understanding users and their tasks, as well as applying principles of usability and user-centered design. The goal of HCI is to develop systems that are safe, effective, efficient, and usable for people.

Uploaded by

Minahel Noor Fatima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

Human Computer

Interaction (HCI)
What is HCI?
Design, Implementation and Evaluation of interactive systems
for HUMAN use.
What is HCI? - Human
• Human?? Or User
• The user is whoever is trying to get the job
done using the technology
• An individual User
• Group of Users working together
• Sequence of users in an organization, each dealing with
some part of the task or process.
What is HCI? - Computer
• Computer??
• any technology ranging from the general
desktop computer to a large-scale computer
system, a process control system or an embedded
system

• Any other???
What is HCI? - Interaction
• Any communication between a user and
computer
• Can be direct or indirect
• Direct interaction involves a dialog with feedback
and control throughout performance of the task
• Indirect interaction may involve batch processing
or intelligent sensors controlling the environment
User Interfaces (UI’s)

• Interaction between users and computers


occurs at the user interface

• The golden principle in HCI is that “people


should come first”.
Goal of HCI
• Reduce negative aspect such as frustration,
annoyance..
• Enhance the positive aspect such as enjoyment,
engagement...
• Make the product usable. Usable mean usability.
What is Usability?

Dr 8
What is Usability?
• Ease of learning
• faster the second time and so on...
• Recall
• remember how from one session to the next
• Productivity
• perform tasks quickly and efficiently
• Minimal error rates
• if they occur, good feedback so user can recover
• High user satisfaction
• confident of success
HCI is Not about
• Making the interface look pretty

• Only about desktop computers (and that goes for computing as well!)

• Something that would be nice to do but usually there’s no time for it


HCI is about
• Understanding the users
• Understanding users tasks
• Understanding the surrounding environment
• GUI requirements gathering and analysis
• Design prototype
• Evaluate the system

• The goal of HCI “is to develop or improve


the safety, utility, effectiveness, efficiency
and usability of system that include
computers.”
(Interacting with computers, 1989, p3)
Why is usability important?
A Good user-interface can:

1. Earn a company billions.

2. Increase users loyalty.

3. Increase users trust.

4. Makes users happy : )


Why ..(cont.)
A Bad user-interface can:

1. be annoying, embarrassing, frustrating, and even deadly.


2. Increase mistakes in data entry and system operation.
3. Makes functions become completely inaccessible.
4. System failure because of user rejection.
Examples of good and bad design
Do I have any choice?
What happens when you cancel a cancelled operation?
Examples ..(cont.)
Examples ..(cont.)
Examples ..(cont.)
Examples ..(cont.)
Examples ..(cont.)
Examples ..(cont.)
Is HCI really Important?
A real life example

A real example: a pilot shuts down


the wrong engine and the plane
crashes (as happened near
Leicestershire, in England on the M1
motorway in 1989), this is obviously
more serious. 47 died
A real ..(cont.)
Example about: direct correlation between HCI and sales
• NYNEX: a telecommunicationon company in Italy
– Purpose: to increase the performance of helpdesk
office
– Decided to improve the usability of the helpdesk
operator interface
– Reduced the process time 1 second per call
Result: $ 3,000,000 benefit / year
Why study HCI?

• You will be building “real” systems


• That other people will use
• UI’s major part of most systems
• Often over 50%
• 50% of effort rarely on UI!
• Bad UI’s cost
• money (your product will be a flop)
• lives (planes crash, reactors blow up)
• Interfaces are hard to get right
• understanding of human capabilities will help
• understanding principles of design will help
Why study human use of computer systems?
• Business view:
• to use humans more productively/effectively
• the human costs now far outweigh hardware and software costs
• Personal view:
• people view computers as appliances, and want it to perform as one
• Marketplace view:
• everyday people using computers
• now expect “easy to use system”
• not tolerant of poorly designed systems
• little vendor control of training
• heterogeneous group
• if product is hard to use, people will seek other products
• eg Mac vs IBM (Microsoft Windows)
Why study human use of computer systems?
• The system view:
• complex human
• complex computer
• complex interface between the two

• The human factors view:


• humans have necessary limitations
• errors are costly in terms of
• loss of time
• loss of money
• loss of lives in critical systems
• loss of morale
• design can cope with such limitations!
Who Builds Interfaces?
• A team of specialists (ideally)
• graphic designers
• interaction / interface designers
• technical writers
• marketers
• test engineers
• software engineers
• customers
Foundations for building UI’s

• Design Cycle
• Psychology of everyday things
• Understanding users and their tasks
• Task centered design
• Design principles, usability heuristics
• Designing with the user
• User centered design
• Rapid prototyping
• Evaluation of the interface with users
• Qualitative & quantitative
• Iteration
Design Cycle Design

Implementation
Evaluate

A discipline concerned with the design, implementation, and evaluation of


interactive computing systems for human use
Task analysis and design

• Observe existing work practices


• Create examples and scenarios of actual use of artifacts
• Try out new ideas with users before building anything if possible
Rapid Prototyping

• Build mockup of design


• Low fidelity prototypes
• Paper sketches
• Video segments
• Steal, cut, copy, paste!
• High fidelity prototypes Fantasy Basketball
• Somewhat working models
• HTML, Hypercard, Director, physical media
• Fake some of it
Evaluation
• “That’s cool!”, “I love it!” is NOT good enough
• perception not always reality
• conscious articulation not always behaviour
• Human behaviour & performance is complex
• sometimes beyond analysis
• individual differences
• Objective, quantitative, measures
• Qualitative techniques
Course Objectives
• Know what is meant by good design
• Have an understanding of human capabilities, design guidelines, models,
and how to apply them to interface design
• Know and have applied some methods for
• Design
• Prototyping
• Evaluation
• Know how to involve a user in the process
• Be familiar with a number of advanced topics in HCI
• Know how to communicate your work
• Have background to
• Apply this to work in industry
• Begin research in the area

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