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    Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis

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    zeemred085
    This document discusses unsymmetrical fault analysis in power systems. It explains the different types of unsymmetrical faults and how to analyze them using symmetrical components. The document provides details on how to calculate positive, negative, and zero sequence components for voltages and currents in an unbalanced three-phase system.

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    Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis

    Uploaded by

    zeemred085
    58 views15 pages
    This document discusses unsymmetrical fault analysis in power systems. It explains the different types of unsymmetrical faults and how to analyze them using symmetrical components. The document provides details on how to calculate positive, negative, and zero sequence components for voltages and currents in an unbalanced three-phase system.

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    Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis

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    This document discusses unsymmetrical fault analysis in power systems. It explains the different types of unsymmetrical faults and how to analyze them using symmetrical components. The document provides details on how to calculate positive, negative, and zero sequence components for voltages and currents in an unbalanced three-phase system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    58 views15 pages

    Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis

    Uploaded by

    zeemred085
    This document discusses unsymmetrical fault analysis in power systems. It explains the different types of unsymmetrical faults and how to analyze them using symmetrical components. The document provides details on how to calculate positive, negative, and zero sequence components for voltages and currents in an unbalanced three-phase system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 15

    UNSYMMETRICAL Redwanul Mahbub Talukder

    FAULT ANALYSIS
    FAULT ANALYSIS
    A fault in a power system refers to an abnormal condition where the normal flow of
    electric current is interrupted due to various reasons such as equipment failures,
    short circuits, insulation breakdowns, and external factors.

    Fault analysis is critical for maintaining a reliable and secure electrical supply and
    optimize system performance

    Fault analysis can be of two types depending upon the impedances in each phase
    i. Balanced / Symmetrical Faults
    ii. Unbalanced / Unsymmetrical Faults
    SYMMETERICAL AND
    UNSYMMETRICAL NETWORK

    Symmeterical Network Unsymmetrical Network


    UNSYMMETRICAL FAULT
    TYPES
    i. L-G( Line to Ground) Fault :
    Phase conductor contacts the ground and results in phase to ground short circuit
    Ii. L-L( Line to Line) Fault :
    Two phases come into contact and results in phase to phase short circuit
    Iii. L-L-G( Line to Line to Ground) Fault :
    One phase touches another phase and the ground
    UNSYMMETRICAL FAULT
    ANALYSIS
    In 1918 Charles Legeyt Fortescue demonstrated that any set of N
    unbalanced phasors could be expressed as the sum of N symmetrical sets of balanced
    phasors

    The unsymmetrical quantities are transformed into symmetrical components-


    positive, negative and zero sequence.
    UNSYMMETRICAL FAULT
    ANALYSIS

    Unsymmetrical phasors Unsymmetrical Network


    in time domain
    POSITIVE SEQUENCE
    COMPONENT
    Positive sequence components represent the normal operating conditions of a
    balanced power system, where all phases have identical characteristics.

    All three voltages (A, B, and C phases) are equal in magnitude and have a 120-
    degree phase separation from one another .
    NEGATIVE SEQUENCE
    COMPONENT
    Negative sequence voltages typically arise from asymmetrical faults, unbalanced
    loads, or other disturbances.

    All three voltages (A, B, and C phases) are equal in magnitude and have a 120-
    degree phase separation from one another in a direction opposite to that of positive
    Sequence.
    ZERO SEQUENCE COMPONENT
    Zero sequence voltage refers to a set of voltages that are equal in magnitude and in
    phase with each other.

    All three voltages (A, B, and C phases) are equal in magnitude and have no phase
    separation from one another
    UNSYMMETRICAL NETWORK WITH
    SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS

    VR= VR1 + VR2 + VR3

    VB= VB1 + VB2 + VB3

    VY= VY1 + VY2 + VY3


    OPERATOR a
    The operator a is one, which when multiplied to a vector rotates the vector
    through 120° in the anticlockwise direction.

    a = 1120° = -0.5+j 0.866


    a2 = 1240° = -0.5-j 0.866
    a3 = 1360° = 1
    1+ a + a2 = 0
    VOLTAGE IN SYMMETRICAL
    COMPONENT
    VR= VR1 + VR2 + VR3
    VB= VB1 + VB2 + VB3
    VY= VY1 + VY2 + VY3

    VR= VR1 + VR2 + VR3


    VB= a VR1 + a2 VR2 + VR3
    VY= a2 VR1 + a VR2 + VR3
    SYMMETRICAL COMPONENT
    VALUES
    Positive sequence voltage, VR1 = (VR +a VB+ a2Vy)
    Negative sequence voltage, VR2 = (VR + a2 VB+ a VY)
    Zero sequence voltage, VR3 = (VR + VB+ VY)

    Positive sequence current, IR1 = (IR +a IB+ a2Iy)


    Negative sequence current, IR2 = (IR + a2 IB+ a IY)
    Zero sequence current, IR3 = (IR + IB+ IY)
    MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM
    The current in a 3 phase unbalanced system are:
    IR = (12+ j6) A , IB = (12- j12)A, IY = (-15+ j10) A

    The phase sequence is RYB. Calculate the zero, negative and positive components of current.

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