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Lecture 3... Fluidized Bed

The document discusses fluidized-bed roasting, where ore particles are roasted while suspended in an upward gas stream. It operates at around 1000°C and reacts more rapidly than older processes. The document outlines the 5 stages of fluidization behavior and notes advantages like high energy efficiency and sulfur recovery.

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44 views6 pages

Lecture 3... Fluidized Bed

The document discusses fluidized-bed roasting, where ore particles are roasted while suspended in an upward gas stream. It operates at around 1000°C and reacts more rapidly than older processes. The document outlines the 5 stages of fluidization behavior and notes advantages like high energy efficiency and sulfur recovery.

Uploaded by

jimmycart159
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fluidized-bed roasting

 The ore particles are roasted while suspended in


an upward stream of gas

 Finelyground sulfide concentrates in size over the


range 0.005 to 0.05 cm in diameter is used

 As in the suspension roaster, the reaction rates for


desulfurization are more rapid than in the older
multiple-hearth processes.

 Fluidized-bed roasters operate under a pressure


slightly lower than atmospheric and at
temperatures averaging 1000°C (1800°F).

 Inthe fluidized-bed process, no additional fuel is


required after ignition has been achieved.
Steps observed during roasting process
Stage-1
 When the gas flow rate is very low, and the ore bed
is porous, the gas permeates the bed without
disturbing the ore particles
 Pressure drop across the bed is proportional to flow
rate

Stage-2
 Gas velocity increses, the bed expands upwards
due to the effect of the drag forces exerted by gas
stream
 The pressure drop across the bed depends on the
gas velocity
Stage-3
 When gas velocity further increases a stage is
reached
 Pressure drop = wt. of the particle per unit area of
the bed
 Particles remain individually suspended and offer
less resistance to gas flow

Stage-4
 Further increase in gas velocity lead to continued
expansion of the bed
 Results in increase in interparticle distance
 Pressure drop across bed continues to decrease
as the gas velocity increases
Stage-5
 Finally, the expansion of the bed is independent of
gas velocity
 Outcoming gas stream appears in the form of
bubbles bursting on the surface of the bed which
looks like well stirred boiling liquid
 In this condition the bed is said to be fluidized.
 The fluidized bed has an apparent density distinctly
different from the density of the solid and is
capable of flowing like a liquid.
The Fluidization Behaviour
Advantages
High energy efficiency because it can be
autogenously operated

Useful in recovery of sulphur because the


gas that it produces has high SO2 content

Ideal for roasting of oxide ores because


the oxidizing reactions that take place
during roasting is highly exothermic.
e.g. Pyrite FeS2, Millerite NiS, etc.

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