Wolkite University

College of Computing and Informatics

Subject: Computer
By: Abraham Assefa

E-Mail: [email protected]
What is STEAM Education?
 Contents

 Basics of Computer
 Productivity Program
 Internet and World Wide Web (WWW)
Computer basics
Definition
How does computer works?
 Cont...

 Computer can be used to help you perform various tasks,

such as:
Write Text
Organize Files and other
Make Presentations
Maintain Records
Send e-mail
 Cont.…
 Knowledge check
1. Computers are used in which of the following?
a) Automobiles
b) Airplanes
c) Street lights
d) All of the above
2. Computers are used by which of the following professions?
e) Business
f) Art
g) Education
h) All of the above
Answers:
#1. Computers are used in all of these examples and in
many more ways, too.
#2. Computers are used in all of these examples and in
many more industries.
Hardware Parts of Computer
Internal Hardware Parts of Computer
Motherboard
Knowledge check
1. A keyboard is an example of a ______ device.
A. Input
B. Output
C. Storage
Answers:
#1: A keyboard is an input device.
 Using a computer

 To start a computer, you press the power button. This

may cause a small light to turn on and then the monitor to
turn on.
 Cont...

 The computer will check all of its components

and if everything is running smoothly, it will
display the welcome screen, and then to the user
screen.
 Logging on
 Logging on is a security measure that is enforced before
allowing users to gain access to a computer system, a
network, an email account or a restricted area of a
website.
 If your computer is set up to support multiple users,
you’ll first come to the welcome screen. Here you may
login into your personal user, or as a guest.
Cont...
 Cont...

 There are other options; such as Sleep Mode,Log off, Restart,

and Shut down.
 Sleep Mode
 All new computers now have an energy-saving mode
called Sleep that allows the computer to temporarily shut
down all nonessentials.
 Usually, there is a light flashing to indicate that it is a
sleep.
 Cont…

 This is a huge energy saver, using as much electricity as a

Night light and taking seconds to start up. The computer
may seem to be shut down, except all of your work will
still open and will not be lost.
 It takes seconds to turn back on and continue to work on
any pages that were open, sleep is a very useful tool on a
computer.
 Log off: Logging off will exit you from the current user
that you are using.
Any open programs will remain open and once
logged back in will open up, unless the computer is
shut down.
 Cont...

 Restart: Restart option is usually used when something

is not corresponding.
This option will shut down the computer and
automatically begin to turn on the computer again.
Remember that any unsaved information will be lost if
it is not saved if the computer is restarted.
 Cont...

 Shut down: the computer will completely turn off the

whole system.
Any unsaved information will be lost, so remember to
save before shutting down the computer.
 Cont…

 Before doing any of those options, make sure to save all

unsaved items because they can become lost.
 Do not press the power button to shut down the computer
unless the whole computer has stopped responding and
you can no longer restart it.
 Cont.…

Knowledge check
1. Logging off your computer will close any open
programs?
A. True
B. False
2. Unsaved data is safe if you do a restart but lost if you
shut down.
C. True
D. False
Answers:
#1. False. Logging off will end the current user session
but leave programs running.
#2. False. Unsaved data is lost in both a restart and a
shut down. Always save your work.
 Overview of a Keyboard

 The keyboard is an input device that helps us to insert

alphabets, numerical data, symbols, and commands in to
the computer.
 There are different kinds of keyboards in their layouts,
connection types, and also operating system.
Cont...
 Cont...

 The most common kind is a QWERT keyboard, which is

named after the keys on the top rows of letters.
Keyboard Keys
Cont...
 Cont....
 Alt Key: A computer key that you press together with
another key so that the other key does something
different from what it usually does. You can also refer to
this key simply as Alt.
 Arrow Key: One of four computer keys marked with an
up, down, left, or right arrow, used for moving the cursor.
 Backspace: The key that you press on a keyboard to
move one space backwards in a document.
 Cont....

 Caps Lock: A key on a computer keyboard that makes all

the keys produce capital letters.
 Character Set: A complete set of letters, numbers, or
symbols that can be used by a computer.
 Command Key: On some computers, a key that you
press together with another key to make the computer do
a particular thing.
 Cont....

 Control Key: A key on a computer keyboard that is used

in combination with other keys for doing particular
operations. This key is usually marked ‘Ctrl’.
 Delete Key: A computer key that removes characters.
This key is sometimes simply referred to as del.
 Enter Key: A key on a computer keyboard that makes the
computer perform an action or start a new line of writing.
 Cont....
 Escape Key: A key on a computer keyboard that allows
someone to stop an action, leave a program, or return to a
previous menu. This key is usually marked ‘Esc’.
 Function Key: A special button on a computer keyboard
that is used for a particular operation in a program. The
keys near the top of a keyboard marked ‘F1’ to ‘F12’ are
function keys.
 Cont....
 Numeric Keypad: The part of a computer keyboard to
the right of the main keys that has keys with numbers on
them.
 Num Lock: A computer key that you press to make the
number keys below it enter numbers and not be used for
moving up and down a document.
 Shift Key: The key that you press on a computer
keyboard when you want to write a capital letter.
 Cont...

 Short Cut: Computing a computer icon or a combination

of keys on the keyboard such as ‘Alt + C’ that helps you
to do something on the computer more quickly, for
example go to a particular program or copy information.
 List of Common Control Key Shortcuts

Alphanumeric keys: cover most the typical

keyboard.
Navigation keys are used for moving around
in documents or webpages and editing text.
It include Delete, Insert, Home and End, and
Page Up and Page Down keys.
 Cont...

 Ctrl+A: These two keys will select all text or other

objects.
 Ctrl+B: Bold highlighted text.
 Ctrl+C: Copy any selected text or another object.
 Ctrl+E: Center text.
 Ctrl+F: Open find window.
 Ctrl+I: Italicize text.
 Cont...

 Ctrl + N: Create a new page or document.

 Ctrl + P Open a print window to print the page you're
viewing.
 Ctrl+V: Paste any text or another object that has been
copied.
 Ctrl+W: Close open tab in a browser or close a document
in Word.
 Ctrl+X: Cut selected text or another object.
 Cont...

 Ctrl+Z: Pressing these two keys will undo any action.

 Ctrl+End: Moves cursor to the end of a document
instead of end of the line.
 Ctrl+Esc: Open the Windows Start Menu.
 Ctrl+Shift+Tab: Will go backwards (right to left).
 Functions keys

 Functions keys: is labeled from F1 to F12, and perform

specific tasks based on the operating system. Example:
 F1 – Opens the Help screen for almost every program.
 F2 – Allows you to rename a selected file or folder.
 F3 – Opens a search feature for an application that is
active at the moment.
 F4 – Alt + F4 closes the active window.
 Cont...
 F5 – Allows you to refresh or reload the page or
document window.
 F6 – Moves the cursor to the address bar in most Internet
browsers.
 F7 – Used to spell check and grammar check a document
in Microsoft Apps (e.g. Word).
 F8 – Used to access the boot menu in Windows when
turning on the computer.
 Cont...

 F9 – Refreshes a document in Microsoft Word and sends

and receives emails in Outlook.
 F10 – Activates the menu bar of an open application.
Shift + F10 is the same as right clicking.
 F11 – Enters and exits full screen mode in Internet
browsers.
 F12 – Opens the Save As dialog box in Microsoft Word.
 Special key
 Special key: are perform certain actions alone or in
combination other keys.
 Windows,

 Control (ctrl),

 Alternate (Alt),

 Escape (Esc),

 Tab,

 Caps Lock, and

 Shift keys.
 Cont…
Knowledge check
1) Function keys perform different actions depending
on what program is running?
A. True
B. False
2) Shift key is a _____ key.
A. Navigational key
B. Numerical key
C. Alphanumerical key
D. Special key
Answers:
#1 . True. Depending on what program is running, the
function keys perform different actions.
#2. Shift is a special key.
 Mouse
 A mouse is a handheld device that lets you point to
objects on the screen, click them, and move them. Take a
look at the diagram below to learn the different parts of a
typical mouse.
Cont....
 Using Mouse
 Click/Clickinging: When you click, you're interacting
with the computer, telling it what to do. In order to click,
press and release the left mouse button with your index
finger.
 Rollover: In many instances, when you place the cursor
over an icon, it will change its appearance. This is called a
rollover effect. It might mean that you can interact with
the icon, or maybe it's just highlighting where you cursor
currently is.
 Cont...

 Double clicking: A double click is when you quickly

click the mouse button twice. This can be used to open
folders, files, or start programs on your desktop.
 Drag and drop: You may sometimes need to drag and
drop icons to move them around. This can be used to
place files in new folders, delete them, and more.
 Cont...

 Scrolling: is usually done with the help of scroll bars

located at the sides of an application's window. It allows
users to browse through long documents or Web pages.
Scrolling is typically accomplished on desktop and
laptop computers with a mouse (often with a built-in
scroll wheel) or a touch pad.
Knowledge check
1. Which mouse button most commonly opens items?
A. Left
B. Right
C. Middle Wheel
2. What does the right mouse button most commonly
do?
D. Pen Items
E. Perform Tasks
F. Display a menu
G. None of the above
Answers:
#1. You perform most tasks, including opening items, by
clicking the left mouse button.
#2. Clicking the right mouse button often displays a
shortcut menu.
Components of Computer System
Hardware Components of Computer System
Software Components of computer system
Uses/Application of computer
 Thank You !
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