Station1: Learn
Know Your Danger
Content Hub: CH1584701
The aim of the activities in this
module is to introduce the
dangers, risk, human made and
natural hazards or combination of
both. We will learn about
vulnerabilities and what we can
do to increase capacities and build
resilience towards disasters.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this session, the children and adults are expected to:
• Distinguish hazards from disasters;
• Learn about the different hazards, their causes and
effects;
• Learn the several situations that can decrease our
vulnerability to disasters and identify the most affected
(vulnerable) people or places in their own
communities; and
• Learn to identify the resources and increase capacities
that could lessen the adverse impacts of disasters.
World Risk Index 2022
RISK PROFILE NG PILIPINAS
Ang Pilipinas ay nangunguna sa 171
na bansa sa buong mundo ayun sa
World Index (2022).
Pangalawa batay sa dami ng bagyo,
lindol, pang-lima batay sa dami ng
tsunami at pang-walo batay sa pag
baha.
Pang-24 at pang-33 sa kinahaharap
na pagguho ng lupa at tagtuyot.
Bakit tayo madalas maharap sa panganib?
Ang Pilipinas ay nakapuwesto sa
Pacific Ring of Fire at sa “Typhoon
Belt”.
Ang dami ng aktibong faults at
trenches, at ang Philippine Fault
Zone na may habang 1,200 na
kilometro
Ang pagkaroon ng 24 na aktibong
bulkan mula sa kabuang bilang na
300 na bulkan.
Panganib or Hazard
Ang panganib ay mga delikadong mga pangyayari,
bagay, gawain ng tao o kondisyon, na maaaring magdulot
ng pinsala o kamatayan, pagkasira ng ari-arian,
pagkagambala ng panlipunang kalagayan at pang-
ekonomiyang gawain o pagkasira ng kalikasan.
Maaari itong dulot ng kalikasan o gawa ng tao.
Ang mga likas na panganib ay dulot ng mga natural na
pangyayari.
Kalamidad or Disaster
Isang matinding pagkagambala sa normal na
sitwasyon ng komunidad o lipunan na
nagdudulot ng malawakang pinsala sa buhay
ng tao, mga gamit, at kabuhayan o kalikasan,
kung saan hindi na kaya ng naapektuhang
komunidad na makatugon gamit ang sariling
mga rekurso (ADPC, 2005, p. 10).
Panganib vs Kalamidad
Hazard Disaster
No death, no damage in properties and livelihood and There are dead people, damaged properties and
no affected people livelihood and affected people
Panganib vs Kalamidad
Hindi lahat ng panganib ay humahantong sa kalamidad. Ang panganib ay
maaaring maging kalamidad lamang kapag ito ay nagdulot ng malaking pinsala
at pagkagambala na higit sa kahandaan at kakayanan ng komunidad na
tumugon.
Different Examples of
Hazards and risks facing
children in and around
schools
Conflict
An armed conflict arises whenever there is
fighting between States or protracted armed
violence between government authorities
and organized armed groups or just between
organized armed groups
• ATTACKS ON SCHOOLS
• ATTACKS ON STUDENTS AND
STAFF
• MILITARY USE OF FACILITIES
• CHILD RECRUITMENT
Violence
Defined as “physical maltreatment, emotional abuse,
sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, or
commercial and other forms of exploitation, resulting in
actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival,
development or dignity in the context of a relationship of
responsibility, trust or power” (Violence against children:
According to the World Report on Violence and Health
[2002]).
All Hazards
TECHNOLOGICAL:
•hazardous materials release, nuclear accident, power
shortage, transportation accident (train, plane, boat,
bus), road accident (car, bicycle, pedicab etc.)
HEALTH:
•Pandemic (Covid-19, HIV, flu, Avian Flu, Ebola
etc.), epidemic (eg. gastrointestinal,) Malaria,
Dengue, Zika, food poisoning, food shortage,
malnutrition
OTHER:
•drowning, playground accident, pest infestation,
dangerous animals, separation from family, falling
coconuts (?)
Natural Hazards
EARTH:
earthquake, landslide, debris or mud-flow,
glacial lake outburst, volcanic eruption,
avalanche
WIND & WATER:
flood, tropical cyclone, windstorm, coastal
erosion, tsunami, dam break, drought water
shortage, hailstorm, sandstorm, lightning
FIRE:
wildfire, structural fire
TEMPERATURE:
extreme cold, extreme heat
Eartquake
An earthquake is the shaking of the ground
due to the sudden movement of rock
materials below the earth’s surface.
Landslide/Mudslide
Mudslide is the rapid downward movement of a mass of
rock or mud from elevated areas. It occurs during
periods of intense rainfall, and during or after an
earthquake.
Volcanic Eruption
A process wherein molten rock materials
are emitted in the form of flowing
masses or particles from a crater of a
volcano. Volcanic hazards may include
ash fall, lava flow, pyroclastic flow, and
lahar flow.
Fire
A combustion or burning which gives
out bright light, heat, and smoke.
Common causes of fire are lighted
candle left alone, faulty electrical wiring,
children playing with fire and
combustion of LPG tank.
Typhoon
A typhoon is an event that produces
strong winds and heavy rains.
Tsunami
Tsunamis are big waves caused by
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or
landslides under the sea.
Storm Surge
Water from storm surges look like big
waves. Storm surge is the rising of the
sea as a result of strong wind that
comes with a storm.
Drought
Drought is a period of time (months or
years) where the land is dry from lack
of rain.
Flood
Flood is a large quantity of water covering land that
is usually not under water.
Floods can be caused by high tides, heavy rains, and
cutting down of trees without replacing them.
Katatagan or Resilience
Tinukoy bilang kakayahan ng isang
sistema na mapanatili ang mga
pangunahing pagpapaandar at proseso sa
harap ng mga stress o pressures sa
pamamagitan ng paglaban sa at
pagkatapos ay pagbawi o adaptasyon sa
pagbabago.
Kahinaan or Vulnerability
Ang kawalan ng kapasidad ng isang
komunidad na makatugon sa panganib
Tumutukoy sa mga katangian at
kalagayan ng isang komunidad, sistema,
o pag-aari na nagiging sanhi ng kahinaan
o pagiging lapitin sa mga mapaminsalang
epekto ng panganib (RA 10121, 2010,
section no. 3).
Halimbawa ng Kahinaan o Vulnerability
• Hindi ligtas na desenyo at pagkakagawa ng mga
bahay at gusali
• Kakulangan sa pagpaplano para sa ligtas na pabahay
• Hindi pagkakasundo sa komunidad
• Kakulangan sa kaalaman at kakayahan sa paghahanda
at mga pamamaraan upang maprotektahan ang sarili
at pamayanan
• Kahirapan
• Kawalan o mababang angtas ng edukasyon
• Mga ugaling tulad ng kawalan ng magagawa,
pagiging palaasa at kawalan ng pakialam
Halimbawa ng Kahinaan o Vulnerability
Capacity
Ang kombinasyon ng mga lakas, katangian at
rekurso na mayroon ang komunidad, lipunan o
organisasyon na maaaring magamit upang
makamit ang napagkaisahang layunin (RA
10121, 2010, section no.3)
Ito ay ang kakayahan ng mga kabahayan at
komunidad upang maka-angkop sa panganib
Mga Halimbawa ng Kapasidad
•Permanenteng pabahay
•Pagmamay-ari ng lupa
•Sapat na pagkain at pagkukuhanan ng kabuhayan
•Kapasidad ng bawat pamilya
•Suporta mula sa pamilya at komunidad sa panahon
ng kagipitan
•Masigasig na partisipasyon ng mga bulnerableng
grupo tulad ng mga bata, kababaihan at may mga
kapansanan.
Disaster Risk Formula
DISASTER RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability
Capacity
Disaster Risk Formula
DISASTER RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability
Capacity
Disaster Risk Formula
DISASTER RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability
Capacity
QUESTION?
THANK YOU!
Content Hub: CH1575085
