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Programming C

This document outlines the syllabus for a Programming C course. It introduces C programming and provides an overview of the course topics which include data types, operators, control structures, functions, and pointers. It describes the history and importance of C and how it is commonly used. It also explains the basic structure of C programs and the process for creating, compiling, linking and executing a C program. Programming style guidelines in C are also covered.

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7 views

Programming C

This document outlines the syllabus for a Programming C course. It introduces C programming and provides an overview of the course topics which include data types, operators, control structures, functions, and pointers. It describes the history and importance of C and how it is commonly used. It also explains the basic structure of C programs and the process for creating, compiling, linking and executing a C program. Programming style guidelines in C are also covered.

Uploaded by

jabbarbookeditor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC – 183

Programming C

Chapter - 1
Overview of C

Md. Mortuza Hossain


Assistant Lecturer, Department of CSE
IUBAT

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 1


Course Materials

• Text Book:
– Programming In ANSI C (5th Edition) by E Balagurusamy
– C – The Complete Reference by Herbert Schildt

• Additional Support:
– Class Lecture Slides

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 2


Course Outline:
• Introduction to C programming
• Constants, Variable & Data Types
• C Operators & Expressions
• Managing I/O Operations in C
• C Control Structure
• C Arrays
• C Characters and Strings
• C Functions
• C Pointers
• Structure and Union in C

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 3


Today’s Outline:
• Introduction to Programming
• History of C
• Why teach C
• What is C used for?
• Hello World! C Program
• Basic Structure of C Programs
• Programming Style in C
• Executing A ‘C’ Program
• Process for Executing A ‘C’ Program
• Rules to Remember.

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 4


Introduction to Programming
• What is a program?
– A computer program is a set of instructions that tell a computer
what to do.

• What is programming language?


– A programming language is a formal computer language
designed to communicate and give instructions to a machine,
particularly a computer.

• What is Programming C?
– C is a high-level and general purpose programming language.

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 5


History of C
• The root of all modern languages is ALGOL, introduced in
1960s.
• In 1967, Martin Rachards developed BCPL.
• In 1970, Ken Thompson created B by using BCPL features.
• In 1972, C was evolved from ALGOL, BCPL and B by Dennis
Ritchie at the Bell Laboratories on DEC PDP-11 machine.
Which referred as "Traditional C“.
• In 1978, introduced K&R C (Kerningham and Dennis
Ritchie).
• In 1989, ANSI approved a version of C known as ANSI C.
• In 1990, ISO also approved this version referred as C89.
• In 1999, Another enhanced version of C is introduced C99.
October 27, 2023 CSC-183 6
Why teach C / Importance of C
• C is small (only 32 keywords).
• C has rich set of built-in functions and support variety of data
types & operators.
• C is highly portable (Machine independent).
• C is structured.
• C has ability to extend itself.
• C is stable (the language doesn’t change much).
• C is quick running (code written in c is efficient & fast).
• C is the basis for many other languages (C++, C#, Java, Perl etc).
• C is a Programmers Language.

• It may not feel like it but C is one of the easiest language to


learn.
October 27, 2023 CSC-183 7
What is C used for?
• C is most likely an evergreen language.
• Initially, C widely known as the development language of
the UNIX operating system but today virtually all new
major operating systems are written in C and/or C++.

– Systems programming: OSes, like Linux.

– Microcontrollers: Automobiles and Airplanes.

– Embedded processors: Phones, Portable Electronics etc.

– DSP processors: Digital Audio.


October 27, 2023 CSC-183 8
Hello World! Program

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 9


Format of simple C programs

main() Function Name

{ Start of Program

………….
…………. Program Statements
………….
} End of Program

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 10


Basic Structure of C Programs

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 11


Basic Structure of C Programs (with Example)
/* Program for Print, Author: Mr. X */ Documentation Section
#include<stdio.h> Link Section
#define PI 3.1416 Definition Section
void print_pi(); Global Declaration Section
main() Function Section
int main() {
{
print_pi(); ………………
return 0; ………………
}
}

Subprogram Section
void print_pi() Function1()
{ {
printf("Value of PI is: %.4f",PI);
} }

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 12


Programming Style
• You should follow one style for programming.
• We must develop the habit of writing programs in
lowercase letters, because C programs statements are
written in lowercase letters.
• Uppercase letters are used only for symbolic constants.
• Braces, {} indicates beginning and end of a functions.
• Need, braces to align for easy readability.
• Try to write one statement into one line, although C
support multiple statement in a single line.

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 13


Executing A ‘C’ Program
• Executing a program written in C involves a series of
steps. There are:

1. Creating the program;

2. Compiling the program;

3. Linking the program with functions that are needed from the
C library;

4. Executing the program.

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 14


Process for Executing A ‘C’ Program

Edit
Program

Source
Code

Compile

Object
Code

Library Link Object


Files Code Executable

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 15


Rules to Remember:
• Every C program requires a main() program (more than
one main() illegal)
• Execution of a function begins at the { opening brace and
ends at the corresponding } closing brace.
• C programs are written in lowercase letters. Higher case
used for symbolic name and output strings.
• Every program statement in a C language must end with a
semicolon.
• include and define are special instruction s to compiler,
they do not end with a semicolon.
• Using comment /* Comment */ is a good programming
habit.
October 27, 2023 CSC-183 16
October 27, 2023 CSC-183 17
Thank You All

October 27, 2023 CSC-183 18

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