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Chapter - 1 G9 Term 3

1. A current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force due to the interaction between the magnetic field of the conductor and the external magnetic field. 2. This principle is used in electric motors and loudspeakers, where a coil carrying a current is placed in a uniform magnetic field. As the current changes direction, the coil experiences a force, causing it to rotate in the case of motors or vibrate in the case of loudspeakers. 3. Fleming's left hand rule can be used to determine the direction of the force on a conductor in a magnetic field, while Fleming's right hand rule determines the direction of force on a moving charge.

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38 views23 pages

Chapter - 1 G9 Term 3

1. A current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force due to the interaction between the magnetic field of the conductor and the external magnetic field. 2. This principle is used in electric motors and loudspeakers, where a coil carrying a current is placed in a uniform magnetic field. As the current changes direction, the coil experiences a force, causing it to rotate in the case of motors or vibrate in the case of loudspeakers. 3. Fleming's left hand rule can be used to determine the direction of the force on a conductor in a magnetic field, while Fleming's right hand rule determines the direction of force on a moving charge.

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CHAPTER - 1

ELECTROMAGNETISM &ELECTRIC MOTORS


CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR
AND MAGNETIC FIELD:-
• A current carrying conductor created magnetic field around own.
• Intensity of produce magnetic field depends upon the flow of electric
current through the conductor.
• Direction of magnetic field
• change if we change direction
• of flow of current.

bing chilling
RIGHT HAND
THUMB
RULE:-
If a current carrying
conductor is imagined to be
held in your right
hand such that
the thumb points along the
direction of current, then the
direction of the wrapped
fingers will give the
direction of magnetic field
lines.
LOOP OR
COIL:-
SOLENOID AND ITS MAGNETIC
FIELD:-
•A
PROPERTY OF MAGNETIC FIELD
DUE TO A CURRENT CARRYING
SOLENOID:-
• 1. Magnetic field is uniform inside a current carrying solenoid.
• 2. A current carrying solenoid act as a bar magnet.
• 3. If direction of current flowing through the solenoid change then direction
of magnetic field of solenoid also change.
• 4. Magnetic field of a solenoid depends on:
• * current flowing through solenoid
• * number of turns per unit length
• * material which is used in core of solenoid.( if soft magnetic material used
as core in solenoid) then magnetic field of solenoid increase.
• *Magnetic field of solenoid does depends area of solenoid.
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS:
Q.1 Which two of the following are ways to increase the strength of the magnetic field created
by a solenoid?
a. Increasing the width of the solenoid
b. Decreasing the length of the solenoid
c. Increasing the current through the solenoid
d. Decreasing the number of turns in the solenoid
e. Adding an iron core to the solenoid
• A) c and a
• B) c and e
• C) a and e
• D) d and b
• E) a and b
Q.2 Which of the following is the correct description of a solenoid?

• A) A solenoid is a long coil of insulated wire. Passing an electric


current through it creates a magnetic field similar to that of a bar
magnet.
• B) A solenoid is a single loop of insulated wire. Passing an electric
current through it creates a magnetic field similar to that of a bar
magnet.
• C) A solenoid is a single straight piece of wire. Passing an electric
current along it creates a magnetic field around it.
Q.3 Which of the four diagrams correctly shows the field lines
of the magnetic field created around a current-carrying wire?

•A (c)

•B (d)

•C (a)

•D (b)
Q.4 The following diagrams show different configurations of
magnetic field lines. Which one shows the field lines of the
magnetic field produced by a solenoid?
ELECTROMAGNET:-
• An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic
field is produced by an electric current.
• The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off.
Force on a charged particle when it moves in a magnetic field:-
• When a charge particle move in a magnetic
field then it experience a force.

or

= angle between direction velocity of & m.f


• The direction of force, direction of
magnetic field and direction of velocity all are mutually perpendicular
to each other.
Note- If direction of velocity of charge particle parallel to magnetic field
then value of force will be zero.
FLEMING’S RIGHT HAND RULE:-
• If we stretch forefinger, middle finger, and thumb of the right
hand perpendicular to each other and forefinger points towards
the direction of magnetic field, middle finger points towards the
direction of velocity of charged particle then the thumb points
towards the direction of the force experienced by the charged particle.
Why a force is exerted on a current-
carrying wire placed in a magnetic field?
• Ans. We know than that
• Magnetic field of two different magnetic source (magnet or current
carrying wire) interact (repel or attract) to each other.
• We also know that current carrying wire act as magnet.
• When we place a current carrying wire in a m.f then m.f of current
carrying wire and source m.f ( in which current carrying wire placed)
interact (apply force) each other. Due which current carrying wire
experience force.
• The formula for force
• OR
Force is exerted on a current-carrying wire
placed in a magnetic field:-
• The value of force experienced by acurrent carrying conductor placed
in a magnetic field is given by

or

The value of force depend on:


B, I, L & angle between B and I
FLEMING’S LEFT HAND RULE:-
• If we stretch forefinger, middle finger, and thumb of the left hand
perpendicular to each other and forefinger points towards the
direction of magnetic field, middle finger points towards the
direction of current (flowing through the conductor) then the
thumb points towards the direction of the force experienced by the
conductor.
NOTE-
In order to find the direction of force acting on a
current carrying conductor we use Fleming's left hand
rule.
In order to find the direction of force acting on a charge
particle moving in a magnetic field we use Fleming's
right hand rule.
DC MOTOR OR ELECTRIC MOTOR:-
• It is device that convert electric energy into mechanical energy.

• PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRIC MOTOR OR DC


MOTOR:-
• An electric motor (dc motor) works on the principle that when an
electric current is passed through a conductor placed normally in a
magnetic field, a force acts on the conductor as a result of which the
conductor begins to move and mechanical energy is obtained.
Application of force is exerted on a current-carrying
wire placed in a magnetic field in DC motors:-
• In Electric Motor:-

• Write its working by yourself


WORKING OF ELCTRIC MOTOR OR
DC MOTOR:-
Armature or coil placed in a magnetic field of magnets.
When current flow through the coil then coil itself produces magnetic
field.
Due to interaction of these two magnetic fields, coil experienced force
and starts spin / rotation.
Application of force is exerted on a current-carrying
wire placed in a magnetic field in loudspeakers:-
WORKING:-
• Magnet:- It produce uniform magnetic field in which voice-coil
placed.
• VOICE-COIL:- When alternating current flow through the voice coil
then an alternating or changing magnetic field produced. Due to
interaction of these two magnetic fields voice-coil experienced force
and move back and fourth.
CONE:- since cone is connected with the voice coil therefore cone also
move back and fourth, creates vibration in the near by air and we get
sound.
END

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