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Data Types

This document provides an overview of key concepts in C++ including algorithms, program control, data types, and derived types. It discusses how algorithms are procedures that specify actions and order of execution. It defines data types as classifications that specify what values a variable can hold, and describes built-in types like integers, characters, and floats. User-defined types are introduced, including structures, unions, classes, and enumerations. Derived types such as arrays, functions, and pointers are also covered. The objectives are to introduce C++ keywords, data types, built-in types, user-defined types, and derived types. Homework is assigned on related programming problems.

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63 views21 pages

Data Types

This document provides an overview of key concepts in C++ including algorithms, program control, data types, and derived types. It discusses how algorithms are procedures that specify actions and order of execution. It defines data types as classifications that specify what values a variable can hold, and describes built-in types like integers, characters, and floats. User-defined types are introduced, including structures, unions, classes, and enumerations. Derived types such as arrays, functions, and pointers are also covered. The objectives are to introduce C++ keywords, data types, built-in types, user-defined types, and derived types. Homework is assigned on related programming problems.

Uploaded by

arkmalik2236
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Recape

•Computing problems
• Solved by executing a series of actions in a
specific order
•Algorithm is a procedure determining
• Actions to be executed
• Order to be executed
• Example: recipe
•Program control
• Specifies the order in which statements are
executed
Who remember?
• Write your programs on
your machine
• Compile
• Debug
• Execute
Objectives

• We will introduce key words in C++


• Data types in C++
• Built in types
• User defined types
• Derived types

3
Common key words in C++
Data Type
• A data type is a classification that specifies the
types of value a variable can hold
• General syntax of declaration of data type is
Syntax: data_type variable_name
Variable name: it can be a combination of a-z, 0-9.
• Example: int number;
float number 2;
char choice;
C++ Data Types
Built in Data Types 1/4
• Integer Data Types:
• Keyword: int (INT)
• Storage space: Two bytes
• Range: -32768 to 32767
• Types of integer
• Short int
• Int
• Long int
Built in Data Types 2/4
• Character Data Types:
• Keyword: char (CHAR)
• Storage space: One byte
• Range: -128 to 127
Built in Data Types 3/4
• Float Data Types:
• Keyword: float (FLOAT)
• Storage space: Four bytes
• Range: 3.4e-38 to 3.4e+38
• Floating types
• Float
• Double
• Long Double
Built in Data Types 4/4
•Void Data Types:
It was introduced in ansi C
•To specify the return type of a function
when it is not returning any value.
•To indicate an empty argument list to a
function
•Example: void function name (void)
User Defined Types 1/5
•Structure
•Union
•class
•enumeration
User define Type 2/5
• Structure:
• They are used for grouping together elements with
dissimilar types
• The general syntax of a structure is

Struct name
{
Data types 1;
Data types 2;
};
User define Type 3/5
• Unions:
• They are conceptually similar to structures as they
allow us to group together dissimilar types
elements inside a single unit.
• The size of union is equal to the size of its largest
member elements
User define Type 4/5
• Classes:
• Entire set of data and code of an object can be
made a user-define data the with the help of a
classes
• Once a class has been defined, we can create any
number of objects belonging to that class.
• Example: fruit mango;
• Will create an object mango belonging to the class
fruit.
User define Type 5/5
• Enumerate:
• An enumerated dyat type is another user defined
data thpe which provides a way for attaching
number to names.
• General syntax of enumerated data types is
Enum identifier
{
value1, value2…..valuen
};
Derived types 1/3
• An array is a fixed sequence collection of
elements of same data types that share a
common name.
• General syntax to declare is:
• Data type name[size];
• Example:
int data[10];

16
Derived types 2/3
Functions:
•A function is a group of statements that work
together to perform a task
•Every C++ program has at least one function which
is main().

Void main()
{
statements;
}
17
Derived types 3/3
Pointers:
•A pointer is a variable that holds a memory
address
•General syntax to declare pointer is:
• Data_type *pointer_name;
•Every:

Int *ptr;

18
Lecture Recap
• We discuss following
• key words in C++
• Data types in C++
• Built in types
• User defined types
• Derived types
End of Lecture
Any Questions
Home work
• Write a program to check the overflow and under flow of
built in data types.
• Write a program that input a number and find whether its
even or odd
• Write a program that input a integer and print its ASCI
character.
• Write a program that inputs salary and grade. It adds 50%
bonus if grade is greater than 15. It adds 25% bonus if
grade is 15 or less, and then displays the total salary.
• Write a program for calculator. (use different data types)

Submit within 4 days

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