0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views

Operating System Structure

Uploaded by

kylafrancisco624
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views

Operating System Structure

Uploaded by

kylafrancisco624
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Operating System

Structure
BY:
ARIEL E. OLIMPIADA
System Components:
1. Hardware:
• Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer-based system.
2. Software:
• Software encompasses the programs, applications, and operating systems that control and manage the hardware.
3. Data:
• Data represents the raw facts, figures, and information that a computer system processes.
4. Procedures:
• Procedures are the set of instructions or rules that dictate how tasks are performed within the system.
5. People:
• People are the users, operators, and administrators who interact with the computer-based system.
6. Communication Channels:
• Communication channels enable data exchange between system components, both internally and externally.
System Components:

7. Feedback Mechanisms:
• Feedback mechanisms provide information to the system about its performance and help it make necessary adjustments.
8. Control:
• Control mechanisms manage and coordinate the activities of system components to ensure proper functioning.
9. Security Measures:
• Security measures safeguard the system and its data from unauthorized access, breaches, and threats.
10. Environment:
• The environment refers to the physical and operational conditions in which the system operates.
11. Maintenance and Support:
• Maintenance and support activities ensure the system's ongoing operation, updates, and troubleshooting.
12. Documentation:
• Documentation provides written or digital records of system specifications, configurations, and procedures.
Process Management:
• Process management involves creating, scheduling, and terminating
processes. Processes are independent program units running concurrently.
• Example:
• In a multitasking OS, multiple processes, such as web browsers and text editors, run
simultaneously.
Memory Management:
• Memory management controls and allocates system memory to processes,
ensuring efficient use of RAM.
• Example:
• The OS manages memory to prevent one program from overwriting another's data.
File Management
• File management deals with creating, organizing, and manipulating files
and directories.
• Example:
• Users can create, rename, or delete files and folders using file management
functions.
I/O System Management
• I/O system management oversees input and output operations to devices
like keyboards, screens, and storage devices.
• Example:
• The OS handles data transfers between software and hardware, ensuring data
integrity.
Secondary Storage Management
• Secondary storage management involves managing non-volatile storage
devices like hard drives.
• Example:
• The OS manages storage allocation and retrieval, preventing data loss on power
failure.
Operating System Services
• Operating systems offer various services to applications and users,
including program execution, I/O operations, and file manipulation.
• Example:
• Users interact with the OS to run applications, access files, and perform tasks like
printing.
System Calls and System Programs
•System Calls:
•System calls are interfaces between applications and the OS, allowing programs to
request OS services.
•Example:
open(), read(), and write() are system calls for file operations.

•System Programs:
•Definition: System programs are utility programs provided by the OS to simplify
common tasks.
•Example:
The ls command in Unix-like systems is a system program for listing directory contents
Layered Approach
• A layered approach organizes the OS into layers, each responsible for
specific functions. Communication occurs between adjacent layers.
• Example:
• In the OSI network model, layers like transport and data link interact systematically.
System Design
• System design involves planning and structuring the OS to meet its
objectives, such as performance, security, and usability.
• Example:
• Design decisions may focus on real-time processing for embedded systems or user-
friendliness for desktop OS.
Mechanism and Policies

• Mechanisms are the mechanisms that implement OS functions, while


policies define the rules for how those functions are applied.
• Example:
• In memory management, the mechanism might involve paging, while the policy
determines which pages to load or evict based on optimization criteria.
THANK YOU!

You might also like