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    Midsem PPT Anand

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    hrithik suresh
    Satellite observations of atmospheric aerosols at the foothills of the Western Ghats showed strong seasonality in their vertical distribution. During the winter and post-monsoon seasons, the majority of aerosols were confined to within 2 km of the surface due to a shallow atmospheric boundary layer. In contrast, the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons saw higher concentrations of aerosols above 2 km, which were likely lifted by higher surface temperatures and monsoon circulations. Time series analysis revealed the influence of atmospheric boundary layer dynamics and precipitation patterns on the aerosol characteristics in the region.

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    Midsem PPT Anand

    Uploaded by

    hrithik suresh
    16 views14 pages
    Satellite observations of atmospheric aerosols at the foothills of the Western Ghats showed strong seasonality in their vertical distribution. During the winter and post-monsoon seasons, the majority of aerosols were confined to within 2 km of the surface due to a shallow atmospheric boundary layer. In contrast, the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons saw higher concentrations of aerosols above 2 km, which were likely lifted by higher surface temperatures and monsoon circulations. Time series analysis revealed the influence of atmospheric boundary layer dynamics and precipitation patterns on the aerosol characteristics in the region.

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    Midsem Ppt Anand

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    Satellite observations of atmospheric aerosols at the foothills of the Western Ghats showed strong seasonality in their vertical distribution. During the winter and post-monsoon seasons, the majority of aerosols were confined to within 2 km of the surface due to a shallow atmospheric boundary layer. In contrast, the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons saw higher concentrations of aerosols above 2 km, which were likely lifted by higher surface temperatures and monsoon circulations. Time series analysis revealed the influence of atmospheric boundary layer dynamics and precipitation patterns on the aerosol characteristics in the region.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    16 views14 pages

    Midsem PPT Anand

    Uploaded by

    hrithik suresh
    Satellite observations of atmospheric aerosols at the foothills of the Western Ghats showed strong seasonality in their vertical distribution. During the winter and post-monsoon seasons, the majority of aerosols were confined to within 2 km of the surface due to a shallow atmospheric boundary layer. In contrast, the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons saw higher concentrations of aerosols above 2 km, which were likely lifted by higher surface temperatures and monsoon circulations. Time series analysis revealed the influence of atmospheric boundary layer dynamics and precipitation patterns on the aerosol characteristics in the region.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Satellite observations of atmospheric

    aerosols at the foothills of the Western Ghats

    Sreelekshmi T.
    Supervisor: Dr. N. Anand
    IMS18188
    OUTLINE

    1 Intoduction
    and relevance of 3 Results and
    discussion
    study

    2 Data and
    methodology
    INTRODUCTION
    Aerosols are tiny particles of solid/liquid phase suspended in the atmosphere
    with size range 10-3 μm – 102 μm)

    Volcanic ash

    Sea salt Dust


    Types

    s
    ate

    ot
    lph

    So
    Su
    Source : https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/aerosols-and-their-relation-to-global-climate-102215345/
    AEROSOL STUDIES?
    WHY WESTERN GHATS?

    Source : www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/aerosol-
    improper-managementof-water-led-to-floods-says-gadgil/ Source : https://zeenews.india.com/india/aerosols-in-indo-gangetic-plain-
    article30596165.ece responsible-for-high-rainfall-in-himalayan-foothills-2330319.html

    Source : https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/environment/aerosol-pollution-has-huge-impact-on-india-s-infant-
    mortality-crop-productivity-study-85112 4
    Interplay between
    meteorology and
    aerosol – cloud

    Elevated Heat Global dimming


    Pump (EHP) and decline in
    hypothesis precipitation

    Uncertainties
    in calculations
    of radiative
    forcing

    Source : IPCC 2013 report

    Source : Das, L., & Meher, J. K. (2019). Drivers of climate over the Western Himalayan region
    of India: A review
    Continuation…..

    ● Less emission due to anthropogenic activities


    ● Orographic effect

    Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?
    v=8M4hPSCWugw&t=27s&ab_channel=RPCSE
    Source : https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in

    6
    Methodology

    ● Vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols can be


    obtained using active remote sensing.

    ● Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization


    (CALIOP) is a spaceborne lidar that transmits laser
    beam into the atmosphere.
    ● Backscattered intensity is analyzed to understand
    the concentration of aerosols at different altitudes.
    CALIOP lidar
    Source :
    ● Precipitation data was obtained using climate https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/calipso

    reanalysis.
    7
    By Beer - Lambert’s law,
    I0 = Incident light intensity
    I = Transmitted light intensity
    -∫k(z) dz
    I = I0 e z = distance
    k = total extinction coefficient
    k = km + ka
    km = molecular extinction coefficient
    ka = aerosol extinction coefficient

    ka = ka,s + ka,a
    ka,s = aerosol scattering coefficient
    Source : https://chemdictionary.org/beer-lambert-law/
    ka,a = aerosol absorption coefficient

    Extinction coefficient is a characteristic that determines how strongly a species


    absorbs or scatters radiation at a particular wavelength.
    8
    Data
    ● The CALIOP-derived level-2 aerosol extinction coefficient profiles
    collected from 2015 to 2020
    ● Aerosol extinction coefficient at 532 nm wavelength was subjected to
    standard screening procedures
    ● Seasonality was studied for winter (December to January; DJF), pre-
    monsoon (March to May; MAM), monsoon (June to September, JJAS)
    and post-monsoon (October-November, ON) seasons
    ● Precipitation data was obtained from the high-resolution European
    Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis data
    fifth generation (ERA5)
    9
    Results

    Significance of
    cloud screening

    The backscattered pulses from the clouds will be ‘noise’ while retrieving aerosols
    10
    ● The highest values are
    observed near the surface
    in all the seasons

    ● During DJF and ON,


    majority of the aerosols
    are confined within 2 km

    ● During MAM and JJAS,


    aerosols are lifted to
    higher altitudes as well
    DJF: winter MAM: pre-monsoon
    JJAS: monsoon ON: post-monsoon 11
    ● Strong seasonality and
    the role of ABL dynamics

    ● Influence of rainfall

    a) Time series of monthly averaged vertical distribution of aerosols represented using its
    extinction coefficient (kext)
    b) cumulative precipitation (normalized) over the study region 12
    Conclusion and future work
    The vertical structure of aerosols and its seasonal variations
    at the foothills of the Western Ghats has been characterized
    using long-term (2015 - 2020) satellite lidar observations.

    Winter and post-monsoon seasons have a major share of


    aerosols located within the 2 km altitude due to shallow
    Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL).

    Pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons are marked with higher


    concentration of aerosols above 2 km, which are most likely
    due to higher surface temperatures and monsoon circulations.

    Time series analysis revealed the role of ABL dynamics and


    precipitation in influencing the aerosol characteristics at the
    study region.

    The presence of high-altitude aerosols will have large climate


    implications which will be investigated in detail in the second
    half of the project.
    THANK YOU

    14

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