0101110? CHAPTER 1.

1
AE73F9?

Number System
Binary System
 Motivation
Why Binary System
• Any form of information needs to be converted into a binary format so that it can be processed
by a computer
• Computer contains millions and millions of tiny switches, which can be turned on and off.

• Therefore, the binary system is chosen as the way for a computer to represent any sort of data.

On = 1 Off = 0
 Explanation
Denary System

Eg. 365
102 =100 101 =10 100 =1

3 6 5
Explanation: Multiply the digit value (eg.3) by the place value (eg. 100)

(3x100) + (6x10) + (5x1) = 365

 Explanation

Binary Denary

Denary Binary
Binary Denary Explanation

22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 1 1

(1x4) + (1x2) + (1x1) = 7 in denary

Binary Denary Explanation

Eg. "1011"
23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 0 1 1
Explanation: Multiply the digit value (eg.1) by the place value (eg. 8).
Then sum it all up!

(1x8) + (0x4) + (1x2) + (1x1) = 11 in denary

Binary Denary DIY

What is the denary form of "11100"?

24 =16 23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 1 1 0 0
Binary Denary DIY

ANSWER
24 =16 23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 1 1 0 0
(1x16) + (1x8) + (1x4) + (0x2) + (0x1)
= 28 in denary
Denary Binary Explanation

Convert 5 to binary:

5
2 2 remainder
1 Read the remainder
2 1 remainder
0 from bottom to top

2 0 remainder
1

Answer: 101
Denary Binary Explanation

Convert 39 to binary:

39
2 19 remainder
1
2 9 1
39
remainder

2 4 remainder
1 Read the remainder
from bottom to top
2 2 remainder
0
2 1 remainder
0
2 0 remainder
1

Answer: 100111
Denary Binary DIY

What is the binary form of 42?

25 =32 24 =16 23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1
Denary Binary DIY

ANSWER
Convert 42 to binary:

42
2 21 remainder
0
2 10 1
42
remainder

2 5 remainder
0 Read the remainder
from bottom to top
2 2 remainder
1
2 1 remainder
0
2 0 remainder
1

Answer: 101010
 RECAP
Denary System
102 101 100

(7x100) + (6x10)
7 6 5
+ (5x1) = 765
Hundredth Tenth Ones
 RECAP
Denary System
102 101 100

(7x100) + (6x10)
7 6 5
+ (5x1) = 765
Binary System
22 21 20
(1x4) + (1x2)
1 1 1 + (1x1) = 7
Binary Denary DIY

What is the denary form of "1010"?

23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 0 1 0
Binary Denary DIY

ANSWER
23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 0 1 0
(1x8) + (1x2) = 10 in denary
Denary Binary DIY

What is the binary form of 38?

25 =32 24 =16 23 =8 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1
Denary Binary (Method 2) DIY

ANSWER
Convert 38 to binary:

38
2 19 remainder
0
2 9 1
38
remainder

2 4 remainder
1 Read the remainder
from bottom to top
2 2 remainder
0
2 1 remainder
0
2 0 remainder
1

Answer: 100110
PA S T Y E A R Q U E S T I O N
ANSWER
Hexadecimal
System
 Motivation
Hexadecimal System

• It is a base 16 system.
• It uses 16 digits to represent each value

Number System Digits used to represent each value

Denary 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Binary 0, 1

Hexadecimal 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , A, B, C, D, E, F
 Explanation
Hexadecimal System
Denary System Binary System

102 =100 101 =10 100 =1 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

3 6 5 1 0 1
(3x100) + (6x10) + (5x1) = 365 (1x4) + (0x2) + (1x1) = 5

Hexadecimal System

?2 =? ?1 =? ?0 =?

3 E 5
 Explanation
Hexadecimal System
Denary System Binary System

102 =100 101 =10 100 =1 22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

3 6 5 1 0 1
(3x100) + (6x10) + (5x1) = 365 (1x4) + (0x2) + (1x1) = 5

Hexadecimal System

162 =256 161 =16 160 =1

3 E 5
Conversion

Binary Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal Binary
Binary Hexadecimal Explanation

• Since 16 = 24 this means that FOUR binary digits are equivalent to each hexadecimal digit.
Binary Hexadecimal Explanation

101111100001

101 1 111 0 0 0 01

B E 1

ANSWER : BE1
Binary Hexadecimal Explanation

10 000111111101

00 10 0001 1111 1101

2 1 F D
ANSWER : 21FD
Binary Hexadecimal DIY

What is the hexadecimal form of

0111010011100?
Binary Hexadecimal DIY

ANSWER

0111010011100

0000 1110 1001 1100

0 E 9 C
Hexadecimal Binary Explanation

F 9 3 5
1111 0011 0101
1001

Answer: 1111 1001 0011 0101

Hexadecimal Binary DIY

What is the binary form of

BF08?
Hexadecimal Binary DIY

B F 0 8
1011 0000 1000
1111

Answer: 1011 1111 0000 1000

Conversion

Hexadecimal Denary

Denary Hexadecimal
Binary Denary RECAP

Eg. "111"
22 =4 21 =2 20 =1

1 1 1

(1x4) + (1x2) + (1x1) = 7 in denary

Hexadecimal Denary Explanation

Eg. "45A"
162 =256 161 =16 160 =1

4 5 A
Note: A=10

(4x256) + (5x16) + (10x1) = 1114 in denary

Hexadecimal Denary Explanation

Eg. "C8F"
162 =256 161 =16 160 =1

C 8 F Note: C=12, F=15

(12x256) + (8x16) + (15x1) = 3215 in denary

Hexadecimal Denary DIY

What is the denary form of BF08?

163 =4096 162 =256 161 =16 160 =1

B F 0 8
Hexadecimal Denary DIY

ANSWER

163 =4096 162 =256 161 =16 160 =1

B F 0 8

(11x4096) + (15x256) + (0x16) + (8x1) = 48904 in denary

Denary Binary (Method 2) RECAP

Convert 5 to binary:

5
2 2 remainder
1 Read the remainder
2 1 remainder
0 from bottom to top

2 0 remainder
1

Answer: 101
Denary Hexadecimal Explanation

Eg. "2004"

2004/16 = 125
remainder = 4 2004
16 125 remainder
4
16 7 remainder
13
125/16 = 7
remainder = 13
16 0 remainder
7
Note: 13=D

Answer: 7D4
Denary Hexadecimal DIY

What is the hexadecimal form of 3179?

3179/16 = ?
3179
16 198 remainder
?
16 ? remainder
?
16 ? remainder
?
Denary Hexadecimal DIY

What is the hexadecimal form of 3179?

3179/16 = 198
remainder = 11 3179
16 198 remainder
11
198/16 = 12 16 12 remainder
6
remainder = 6 0 12
16 remainder

Answer: C6B
PA S T Y E A R Q U E S T I O N
ANSWER
PA S T Y E A R Q U E S T I O N
ANSWER