Title: L1 Mitosis Date: October 17, 2023

Learning objective: To describe and explain the process of mitosis.

Do Now Success criteria:

What is the role of ribosomes in a 1. I can describe that mitosis occurs during
cell? growth, repair, cloning and asexual
reproduction.
Explain the difference between a 2. I can explain the purpose and stages of
prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell? mitosis.
3. I can justify the stage of mitosis a cell is in
using diagrams.
Explain why sperm cells contain a
lot of mitochondria
 How do we grow?
All living organisms must make new
cells. These new cells are needed for
cell growth or to replace cells that
HOOK

have been damaged.

To do this cells must divide into two

cells in a process called mitosis.
 How do we grow?
HOOK
Other than growth, give 3 reasons a cell will divide by
Mitosis (the pictures might help).
1. Repair (replace damaged cells or when cells die).
2. Asexual Reproduction (in Single Celled Eukaryotes e.g.
Yeast).
3. Division of Cancer Cells.
4. Eukaryotic Cell Cloning.
 Re-write the false statements! True False
A Mitosis is used for cell growth and replacement
B Cells must increase numbers of mitochondria before mitosis
C CellReplication
division happens before mitosis
of DNA happens before mitosis
AAdiploid
haploid cell contains half the number of chromosomes as a
D
body cell
E Mitosis and the cell cycle are not the same
F 42 non-identical
identical cells are made
During mitosis in humans the DNA replicates so there are 92
G
pairs
92 of chromosomes
H There is one cell division in mitosis
 Mitosis Parent cell

This is the type of cell division that

happens in normal body cells.
Introduce

It results in a cell splitting into two

identical cells (daughter cells).

In some parts of a plant or animal

it happens rapidly all of the time Two daughter
(eg. skin). cells
 Support-Will making a
model of each stage help?
Task 1: L1 Mitosis
Grade 4
Identify each stage as: cytokinesis,
interphase or mitosis (anaphase, prophase,
metaphase, telophase).
APPLY

grade 5-6
Label the diagram using the key terms.

grade 7-8 grade 9

Explain what happens at each stage Sketch a graph of the DNA content per cell over time.
Tip: label each stage of your graph.
Key terms
Need some help? Watch the short video, which illustrates the Parent cell Sub-cellular Daughter
process of mitosis. Chromosomes Duplicate Diploid
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eV6nbisahek Cell Fibres Divides Nuclear membrane
 Background information-see next few slides

Keywords: Gametes, Mitosis, Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase,

Anaphase, Telophase, Chromosomes, Cytokinesis, Division,
Daughter cells
grade 2-3

Interphase prophase metaphase

anaphase

telophase cytokinesis
Mitosis
 grade 4-5
Number of sub- Cell fibres form
Chromosomes cellular and nuclear
structures membrane
increases Nuclear breaks down
membrane
Nucleus The cell divides
from into two
parent identical
cell to be daughter cells
copied (diploid)
(diploid)
Number of chromosomes
duplicates
Cell begins to split, new
nuclear membrane is
formed
Cell Cycle – process of cell growth and division
Stage 1 (growth and DNA replication)
Stage 2 (Mitosis) Stage 2 Mitosis
Stage 1
Cell Cycle – process of cell growth and division
Stage 1
In a regular cell that’s not dividing, the DNA is
spread out into long ‘strings’.
1. Cell has to grow and increase the number of sub-
cellular structures (e.g. mitochondria and ribosomes).
2. The cell duplicates its DNA so there’s one copy for
each of the two new cells.
3. The DNA forms ‘X’ shaped chromosomes (both
‘arm’ has exactly the same DNA).
 Prophase

Cell Cycle –
Stage 2 (Mitosis) Metaphase

Interphase Prophase Telophase

Anaphase

Telophase
 grade 7-8
Interphase
___ – 1. The nuclear membrane breaks down and X-shape
chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Cell fibres form
and contract to pull apart each ‘arm’ of the chromosome to
opposite ends of the cell

___ and ____ – 2. The cytoplasm and cell membrane will

divide and the cell splits into two daughter cells. The daughter
prophase
cells contain 46 chromosomes (diploid cells) and are
genetically identical to the parent cell.

___ - 3. DNA replication takes place. The chromosomes in the

parent cell duplicate so there are 92 chromosomes and form X-
shapes metaphase
___- 4. The parent cell contains 46 chromosomes and is
described as ‘diploid’. During the cell cycle the parent cell will
grow and the number of sub-cellular structures will increase
e.g. Mitochondria and ribosomes
anaphase
___ – 5. The cell begins to split. A new nuclear membrane will
form around each set of chromosomes
telophase

cytokinesis
 grade 7-8
Interphase
A - The parent cell contains 46 chromosomes and is described as ‘diploid’. During the
cell cycle the parent cell will grow and the number of sub-cellular structures will
increase e.g. Mitochondria and ribosomes

B - DNA replication takes place. The chromosomes in the parent cell duplicate so prophase
there are 92 chromosomes and form X-shapes
Mitosis
C – The nuclear membrane breaks down and X-shape chromosomes line up in the
middle of the cell. Cell fibres form and contract to pull apart each ‘arm’ of the
metaphase
chromosome to opposite ends of the cell

D – The cell begins to split. A new nuclear membrane will form around each set of
chromosomes
anaphase
E and F – The cytoplasm and cell membrane will divide and the cell splits telophase
into two daughter cells. The daughter cells contain 46 chromosomes (diploid
cells) and are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Interphas
e
• A cell has 2 versions
of each chromosome
– one from each
parent.

• We call this type of

cell diploid.
Mitosis
Prophase
• To prepare for cell
division, each
chromosome is
copied.
Mitosis
metaphase
• The chromosomes
line up in the centre
of the cell.
Mitosis
Anaphase
• The two copies of
each chromosome
are pulled apart by
spindle fibres.
Mitosis
Telophase
• The chromosomes
move to different
sides of the cell.

• The cell begins to

split in two.
Cytokinesis The cell completely
splits in two.

There are now two

cells, these are called
daughter cells.

Each cell is
genetically identical
to each other, and to
the original parent
cell.
Mitosis: Before the cell divides it copes its DNA forming two armed
chromosomes. This is the same first step as meiosis, but from then onward the
two processes differ:
Grade 4
stages of Mitosis
 Task 2: Complete. Mitosis
Type of cell division: .......................................................
1

1. Name the type of division in the space provided.

2. Draw the original cell with 2 pairs of chromosomes.
3. Complete the diagram filling in chromosomes at stage 2 and 3.
Describe
4. The what happens
chromosomes make between
an exact step
copy1of
and 2.
themselves.
2
5. The
Describe what happens
cell divides between
in two and stepchromosomes
half the 2 and 3. move into
each cell.

6. The
Comment
cell is on the chromosome
diploid (2n). Two of number of stage 3. in
each chromosome, 3

pairs.

7. What is special about the cell in stage 3?

The cells are genetically identical to the parent cells.
Task 2: Complete. Type of cell division: .......................................................
1
1. Name the type of division in the space provided.
2. Draw the original cell with 2 pairs of chromosomes.
3. Complete the diagram filling in chromosomes at stage 2 and 3.
4. Describe what happens between step 1 and 2.
The chromosomes make an exact copy of themselves.
2
5. Describe what happens between step 2 and 3.
The cell divides in two and half the chromosomes move into
each cell.

6. Comment on the chromosome number of stage 3. 3

The cell is diploid (2n). Two of each chromosome, in
pairs.

7. What is special about the cell in stage 3?

The cells are genetically identical to the parent cells.
 Re-write the false statements! True False
A Mitosis is used for cell growth and replacement
B Cells must increase numbers of mitochondria before mitosis
C CellReplication
division happens before mitosis
of DNA happens before mitosis
AAdiploid
haploid cell contains half the number of chromosomes as a
D
body cell
E Mitosis and the cell cycle are not the same
F 42 non-identical
identical cells are made
During mitosis in humans the DNA replicates so there are 92
G
pairs
92 of chromosomes
H There is one cell division in mitosis
 Self assess-Green pen

Exam Q-
grade 5-6 Q1. Fora baby to grow, its cells must develop in a number of ways.
Answer the Explain how the process of cell division by mitosis is part of the growth
process of a baby.
exam question.
 Self assess-green pen
Q1. For a baby to grow, its cells must develop in a number of ways.

Exam Q Explain how the process of cell division by mitosis is part of the growth process of a baby.

Answer the chromosomes duplicate or

make exact copies of self
exam question. accept forms pairs of chromatids

nuclei divide
accept chromatids or
chromosomes separate

identical (daughter) cells formed

accept for example, skin cells make
more skin cells or cells are clones
How many cell cycles are shown? Platinum
grade 7+
What is happening at the stages 1-5?

2 4
3
DNA content per cell

1 5

What is a cell cycle?

Time
 Self assess-green pen

Exam Q-
grade 7-8
ons
EXTENSION questi c m a te ri a l h a s to b e copied
’s gen e ti
Q1. Explain why a cell
e fo re it div ide s by m itosis?
b

why c e ll s ne e d to divide.
Q2. Explain
fe r in m a tu re a n im a ls ?
w d oe s the us e o f m it osis dif
Q3. Ho
 Self assess-green pen

Exam Q-
grade 7-8
EXTENSION questions m aterial ha s to b e c o p ie d b e fore it
h y a c e ll ’s g e n e ti c . It
Q1. Explain w u le o f DNA ne e d s b e b e c o m e tw o
s is ? O n e m o le c
divides by mito ca l to th e p a re nt cell.
re id e n ti
is replicated so they a ivide Re p la c e w o rn -o u t c e ll s, repair
w h y c e ll s n e e d to d
Q2. Explain
d c e ll s, g ro w m o re cells.
da m a ge
e r in m atu re a n im a ls? In
d oe s th e u s e o f m itosis diff
Q3. Ho w
q u ire d fo r g ro w . M a ture
a n im a ls c e ll d ivis io n is not re
mature w.
o n o t co n ti n u e to g ro
animals d
 prophase
Platinum
grade 9
Interphase anaphase

Explain what

DNA content per cell

happens to the
DNA content cytokinesis
at each stage?

Time
 Plenary-Purple Pen A
1. Give 2 reasons a cell will divide by mitosis.
2. What are the stages of mitosis.
3. What stages of mitosis are represented in the
pictures A and B?
4. How many daughter cells are produced during
mitosis?
5. How does mitosis lead to genetic variability?
B
Keywords: Mitosis, Haploid, Diploid, Interphase, Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, chromatid, chromosome
 Plenary-Purple Pen A
1. Give 2 reasons a cell will divide by mitosis. How they reproduce, repair.

2. What are the stages of mitosis. Interphase, Prophase, Metophase, Anaphase,

Telophase

3. What stages of mitosis are represented in the pictures A and B.

A-metaphase. B-Anaphase

4. How many daughter cells are produced during mitosis? 2

5.How does mitosis lead to genetic variability?

Mitosis builds a person with an identical set of chromosomes in
every cell.
B
Keywords: Mitosis, Haploid, Diploid, Interphase, Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, chromatid, chromosome
• Worksheets to print if you want
• Print progress checks too
 Mitosis L.O: To describe and explain the process of mitosis.

Do it now: Label the diagram Mitosis

When is mitosis used?

Task 1: Choose one task
Bronze
Identify each stage as:
cytokinesis, interphase or
mitosis (anaphase, prophase,
metaphase, telophase).

Silver
Label the diagram using the key
terms.
Gold
Explain what happens at each
stage (match up the given
sentences).
Platinum
Sketch a graph of the DNA
content per cell over time. Tip:
label each stage of your graph.
___ - 3. DNA replication takes place. The chromosomes in the parent
Key terms ___ – 1. The nuclear membrane breaks down and X- cell duplicate so there are 92 chromosomes and form X-shapes
Parent cell Sub-cellular shape chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
Daughter Chromosomes Cell fibres form and contract to pull apart each ‘arm’ ___- 4. The parent cell contains 46 chromosomes and is described as
Duplicate Diploid of the chromosome to opposite ends of the cell. ‘diploid’. During the cell cycle the parent cell will grow and the
Cell Fibres Divides number of sub-cellular structures will increase e.g. Mitochondria and
___ and ____ – 2. The cytoplasm and cell membrane ribosomes
Nuclear membrane
will divide and the cell splits into two daughter cells.
The daughter cells contain 46 chromosomes (diploid ___ – 5. The cell begins to split. A new nuclear membrane will form
cells) and are genetically identical to the parent cell. around each set of chromosomes
 Task 2: Label the diagram Progress check: Classify the sentences as T or F.

1. Name the type of division in the space True or false?

provided.
A Mitosis is used for cell growth and replacement
2. Draw the original cell with 2 pairs of
chromosomes. Cells must increase numbers of mitochondria before
B
mitosis
3. Complete the diagram filling in chromosomes
at stage 2 and 3. C Cell division happens before mitosis
4. Describe what happens between step 1 and 2. A diploid cell contains half the number of
D
chromosomes as a body cell
E Mitosis and the cell cycle are not the same
5. Describe what happens between step 2 and 3.
F 4 non-identical cells are made

During mitosis in humans the DNA replicates so there

G
6. Comment on the chromosome number of stage 3. are 92 pairs of chromosomes

H There is one cell division in mitosis

7. What is special about the cell in stage 3? Gold

Challenge rewrite the false ones.

Task 3: Model time: Using the resources provided create a model of mitosis.
Bronze Silver Gold
Label your model and explain what Label your model and explain what Use your model to explain why a cell’s
happens in one phase. happens to the chromosomes at each genetic material has to be copied before it
phase.
divides by mitosis? Evaluate your model.