StomachGastricCancer

STOMACH (GASTRIC)
CANCER
CAUSES | SYMPTOMS | TREATMENT |
DIAGNOSIS
WHAT IS STOMACH CANCER ?
Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, begins when cells
on the inside lining of the stomach (adenocarcinoma) become
abnormal and grow hysterically. Stomach cancers are
classified according to the type of tissue from which they
originate. The most common forms of stomach cancer include
adenocarcinoma, lymphomas and sarcomas.
CAUSES OF STOMACH CANCER
The precise cause of stomach cancer is not clear, but various
medical conditions can increase the risk, including:
 Smoking
 Obesity
 A diet rich in smoked, pickled, or salty foods
 Stomach surgery for an ulcer
 Certain genes
 Working in coal, metal, timber, or rubber industries
Stomach cancer is often seen in people over age 55, and

affects men more than women.
SYMPTOMS OF STOMACH CANCER
Stomach cancer is usually not detected early because it often
does not cause specific symptoms. However, when they do
occur, they may include:
 Indigestion or heartburn
 Pain or discomfort in the abdomen
 Nausea and vomiting, particularly vomiting up solid food
shortly after eating
 Diarrhea or constipation
 Bloating of the stomach after meals
SYMPTOMS CONTINUE…
 Loss of appetite
 Sensation of food getting stuck in the throat while eating
 Weakness and fatigue
 Vomiting blood or having blood in the stool
 Unexplained weight loss
 Trouble swallowing
DIAGNOSIS OF STOMACH CANCER
When you show some of the initial symptoms such as
indigestion, weight loss, nausea, and loss of appetite, your
doctor may recommend screening tests including:
 Blood tests to look for disease-causing substances in the

blood and complete blood count to determine the number
of red blood cells.
 X-rays of the esophagus and stomach which helps the
doctor find tumors or other abnormal areas.
 Fecal occult blood test to look for blood in the stool
DIAGNOSIS CONTINUE…
 Gastroscopy test examines the esophagus and stomach
using a thin, lighted instrument called a gastroscope,
which is passed through the mouth down to the stomach.
This helps the doctor look at the inside of the stomach.
 A biopsy procedure is performed in which the doctor
removes some tissue for examination. It is the only sure
way to diagnose cancer.
 CT scans, MRI are also performed that provide detailed
images of the organs.
TREATMENT OF STOMACH CANCER
 Surgery: The aim of the surgery is to remove all of the
stomach cancer and some healthy tissues, when possible.
Options include: A.Removing early-stage tumors from the
stomach lining B.Removing a portion of the stomach
known as subtotal gastrectomy C.Removing the entire
stomach known as total gastrectomy D.Removing lymph
nodes to look for cancer e.Surgery to relieve signs and
symptoms
 Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy can be used before
surgery to shrink a stomach tumor so that it's easily
removed. The therapy uses high-powered beams of energy,
such as X-rays, to execute cancer cells.
TREATMENT CONTINUE…
 Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that
uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. It can be given before
surgery to help shrink a tumor for easy removal.
Chemotherapy is often used in combination with radiation
therapy.
 Targeted therapy: This type of therapy uses drugs that
attack specific irregularities within cancer cells.
Prior to the commencement of treatment, discuss any possible

side effects of your specific treatment plan with the
oncologist. If you experience any problem during the
treatment, be sure to inform him.
PREVENTIONS OF STOMACH CANCER
The most important way to prevent stomach cancer is to
avoid cigarette smoking. Eating more fruits and vegetables
and less smoked or pickled foods, salt, and foods with a high
amount of nitrates is helpful as well.
Wear protective garments if working in the coal mining,
metal processing, or rubber industries. Occupational
exposure in these industries has been shown to increase the
risk of gastric cancer.
COMPLICATIONS OF STOMACH CANCER
Complications related to gastric cancer are two-fold. If the
cancer is not treated, many complications are associated with
the disease progression. These include pain, weight loss,
difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting and bleeding. The
cancer may spread to the liver and cause such complications
as jaundice, ascites (fluid collection in the abdominal cavity),
fever and malaise.
Complications may be associated with the treatment.
Gastrectomy may necessitate lifestyle changes. Some patients
may need to eat smaller meals more frequently. There may be
a change in bowel habits.
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STOMACH (GASTRIC)

Stomach cancer is often seen in people over age 55, and

 Blood tests to look for disease-causing substances in the

Prior to the commencement of treatment, discuss any possible

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