THE EARTH’S

ATMOSPHERE

\
 By the end of the presentation the
students should be able to:

• Get information regarding to

the topic
OBJECTIVES
• Answer the questions that will
be provided.

• Get knowledge in our

presentation.

• Understand the whole point of

the topic.
 EARTH
Earth is the third planet from the Sun
and the only astronomical object known
to harbor life. This is enabled by Earth
being a water world, the only one in the
Solar System sustaining liquid surface
water. The characteristics of the Earth's
atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, and
argon.
 The Characteristics of the Earth’s
Atmosphere
Nitrogen
is a key contributor to climate change
When nitrogen in its active form, such as in Oxygen Argon
fertilizer, is exposed to soil, microbial reactions
take place that release nitrous oxide. This gas is is not the main constituent of Earth's is a noble gas, and it is the third
300 times more potent at warming the atmosphere atmosphere, comprising 21% of the most abundant gas in earth's
than carbon dioxide. Nitrogen dilutes oxygen and total compared with Nitrogen's 78%, atmosphere. Argon is the most
prevents rapid or instantaneous burning at the but its role in the survival of many common gas in the atmosphere
Earth's surface, as oxygen gas is a necessary forms of life elevates its significance. besides Nitrogen and Oxygen.
reactant of the combustion process Oxygen plays a critical role in Argon has no known biological
respiration, the energy-producing role. Argon makes up 0.94% of
chemistry that drives the metabolisms the Earth's atmosphere.
of most living things.
THE EARTH’S MAJOR LAYERS

Layers of the Atmosphere

Despite being thin, the

atmosphere could still be
divided into layers. The layers
are the troposphere,
stratosphere, mesosphere,
thermosphere, and exosphere.
 Troposphere
"Bad" ozone is found in the troposphere, the layer nearest the
ground. Tropospheric ozone is a harmful pollutant which forms when

Earth’s
sunlight alters various chemicals emitted by humans. It is called such

1
because of the persistently changing weather in this layer at the

multi-layered
atmosphere. Its thickness varies depending on your location on Earth,
but the range is between 5 and 9 miles (8 and 14km). The temperature
gets cooler as you go higher in the atmosphere. This lowest layer is
where humans live. It also regulates weather and climate. Example of
the objects that you can find in the troposphere are the airplanes
cake
and hot air balloons.

Stratosphere
2 The stratosphere is a layer of the atmosphere that surrounds the
Earth. As it absorbs energy from the incoming ultraviolet
radiation from the Sun, ozone, an uncommon form of oxygen
molecule that is relatively abundant in the stratosphere, heat
this layer. From the top of the troposphere to about 50
kilometers (31 miles) above ground, the stratosphere exists.
Stratosphere is home to the notorious ozone layer. The
infamous ozone layer is found within the stratosphere.
 Mesosphere Meteor showers, also known as shooting
stars, are meteors burning up in the
mesosphere. This layer protects earth

Earth’s
Mesosphere comes from the word “meso” from the impact of those debris. The
which means middle. Mesosphere layer debris burns as a result of the frictional
protects the Earth from large force between air and debris molecules.

multi-layered
meteoroids. It’s in the mesosphere where it Example of objects that can be found
serves as a shield for meteorites. This 35 in this layer is the meteors.
km thick layer is termed the coldest layer
because it has a minimum temperature of
cake
3
roughly -85 degrees Celsius. The reason
behind this low temperature is the lessened
solar heat and high cooling due to carbon
dioxide.

Thermosphere
4 Thermosphere comes from the word ‘thermo” which means
heat. The second highest layer of Earth‘s atmosphere. The
thermosphere is roughly 600 km thick and can reach a
temperature of about 1500 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the
thermosphere regulates temperature and filters X-rays and
some Ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun. Another
interesting fact is that the international Space Station orbits
through this layer. The aurora, or Northern Lights and
Southern Lights, occur in the parts of the thermosphere.
 Exosphere
Earth’s
Exosphere comes from the word
“exo” which means outside. This

multi-layered
farthest layer absorbs some radiation
and protects the layers underneath. It
contains hydrogen and helium. The
air is almost similar to the vacuum in
space because it is so thin. This
cake
10,000 km thick outermost layer
forms a boundary between Earth and 5
space.

The exosphere is very thick

so going to space is really too
far. The first layer to shield
the Earth from meteors,
asteroids, and cosmic rays.
Most of these satellites orbit
within the exosphere.
The Hydrologic Cycle

Hydrologic cycle
-involves the continuous circulation of
water in the Earth-Atmosphere system. One
important process of this cycle is
evaporation. Evaporation is the process of
converting liquid to gas. The bodies of
water undergo this process, and it becomes
atmospheric water vapor. In plants, instead
of evaporation, the process of Evo
transposition takes place.
 Atmosphere’s Role in the Hydrological Cycle

Water is a renewable resource because it is continually circulated across Earth through a process
known as the Hydrological Cycle, Its three main important processes are evaporation, condensation,
and precipitation.

Evaporation Precipitation Percolation and

Condensation
Transpiration
The process by which Any liquid or frozen
percolation – the process
This is a type of water vapor in the air water that forms in the
of slowly passing through a
vaporization that is changed into liquid atmosphere and falls
filter.
occurs on the surface water. Crucial to the back to earth. Water that
Transpiration – the
of liquid as it changes water cycle because it falls from the clouds
process by which plants
into gas phase. is responsible for the toward the ground,
give off water vapor
formation of clouds. especially as rain or
through the stomata in their
snow: Hail and sleet are
leaves.
types of precipitation.