Development of an

Occupational Safety and

Health Program
Session Objectives

At the end of the session, the participants will be able to:

 Identify the elements needed in the successful implementation
of OSH program;
 Determine the commitment and participation of various levels
of the organization in implementing the OSH program; and
 Identify the company resources needed to develop and
implement an OSH program

Page  2
What is a Workplace Safety and Health Program?

A safety program is a systematic

plan to IDENTIFY and CONTROL
hazards and respond to
Safety Program EMERGENCIES.

It lays out RESPONSIBILITIES, RESOURCES,

and PROCEDURES for keeping the
workplace safety and healthy.
Page  3
 Effective Safety and Health Programs

 It has been found out that effective

management of worker safety and
health programs:
 Reduces the extent and severity of work
related injuries and illnesses
 Improves employee morale and
productivity
 Reduces workers’ compensation costs

Page  4
Safety and Health Program Criteria

 Workplace specific;
 Have commitment from the employer and senior
management;
 Have input from the workers;
 Assign clear responsibilities and accountabilities;
 Each of the program’s elements must be in writing;
 Must address the safety and health of contractors;
 Be available and effectively communicated; and
 Have an evaluation mechanism

Page  5
Role of Management in Safety Programming

Effective safety program can be

achieved basically through
control of people’s actions.
Only top management has the
authority to implement such
controls.

Page  6
Management Leadership and Attitude

Leadership
 Assumption of responsibility and stated in the OSH
policy
Attitude
 Enforce safe practices and conditions
 Comply with company policy
 Follow safety instructions
 Obtain good preventive maintenance of equipment
or selection of proper equipment when purchased.

Page  7
Assignment of Responsibility and Accountability

To operating officials, safety directors, supervisors, health

and safety committees

Page  8
 Management Commitment and
Employee Involvement

 Management commitment
– provides the motivating force and resources for
organizing and controlling activities within an
organization
 Employee involvement
– provides the means through which workers
develop and express their own commitment to
safety and health protection
 Management commitment and employee
involvement are complementary

Page  9
 Safety & Health Committee

Page  10
Composition of SHC

 CEO/Manager or his representative

 Workers’ Representatives (union members if
organized)
 Company Physician, nurse or first-aider
 Safety Officer

Page  11
Duties of Safety and Health Committee

 Plan and develop accident prevention programs for

the establishment
 Direct the accident prevention programs of the
establishment
 Conduct safety and health meetings at least once a
month

Page  12
Duties of Safety and Health Committee

 Review report of inspection, accident

investigations and implementation of programs
 Submit report to the manager
 Initiate and supervise safety training
 Develop and maintain disaster contingency plans

Page  13
 OSH
POLICY
IN DU
SAF
ETY HY STRIA
&E CO P GIE L
M
PRE ERG TRO N R OG NE
PAR EN L RA
ED CY M
NE
SS OC
CU
PA
EN HE TION
VIR OSH PRO ALTH AL
PRO NMO Pro GR
CO
TEC ENT gr a
AM
M T IO AL m
REL MUN N &
AT ITY
ION
S CA
P
BU ACIT
AC S ILD Y
CO OCIA O I N
U L NO G
PRO NTAB SH
GR I LI T
AM Y
S
Safety Policy

A document stating the following:

 Top management’s safety objectives;
 The level of safety that can be performed by the
organization; and
 The responsibility of the organization’s members
for executing the policy and ensuring safety.

Page  15
 OSH
OSH POLICY
POLICY
SAF
ETY IND
CO UST 1. Specific to the organization,
NT HYG RIAL
&E
M
PRE ERG
RO
LPRO IENE concise, clearly written, dated,
PAR EN GR signed.
ED CY AM
N ESS
OC
C
2. Indicates management
UPA
HE TION commitment, support and
EN
VIR O SH PRO ALTH AL
PRO NMO Pro GR accountability
TEC ENT gra AM
CO
MM TION AL m 3. Includes principle and objectives
REL UN &
AT ITY
ION of protecting SH of all members
S CA
P of the organization.
AC SOC BU ACIT
CO
UN IAL O
ILD
I N
Y 4. States compliance with OSHS and
PRO TAB NO G
GR I LI T SH related laws.
AM Y
S 5. States objectives to continually
improve the OSH MS
6. Employees are aware of the
Policy (communicated/posted)
7. Covers all workers and
community
Sample Corporate OSH Policy

ABC Corporation ensures a safe and healthy workplace for

employees conducive to greater productivity.
The Corporation is committed to continually improve its
occupational safety and health management systems and comply with all
relevant safety legislation and requirements to prevent accidents
resulting in personal injury and illnesses, damage to equipment and
materials, and operational interruption.
Concern for occupational safety and health is a shared
responsibility between the Corporation and its employees.
All managers, supervisors and employees are enjoined to ensure
that safety programs and practices are in place in their areas of
responsibility.

Juan Dela Cruz

General Manager
Page  17
Strategies to involve workers

 Workers should know their roles in the safety and

health program including their rights and responsibilities
 Consultations directly between the employer and
workers
 Requiring and encouraging workers to report safety and
health concerns promptly
 Encouraging workers to suggest improvements in the
safety and health program

Page  18
Strategies to involve workers

 Making safety and health committee effective:

– Training committee members
– Enhancing communication between the committee, workers,
and senior management
– Responding promptly to problems or concerns raised by the
committee
– Considering the committee’s recommendations during the
development of plans, policies, programs or procedures
required by regulations/ standards.
 Providing safety and health incentive

Page  19
Worksite Analysis

1. Comprehensive Hazard Identification

– Comprehensive Hazard Survey
– Change Analysis
– Routine Hazard Analysis
• Job safety analysis
• Process hazard analysis

2. Regular Site Safety Inspections

Page  20
 Worksite Analysis

3. Employee Reports of Hazards

4. Accident and Illness Investigations
5. Injury and Illness Trend Analysis

Page  21
 Systems to Control Hazards
Administrative Control :
Exposure time limitations, Safe work practices
Alarms and Warning signs, Training and Education

SOURCE PATH RECEIVER

Pre-contact: Point of contact:

Engineering Control : Personal Protective
Elimination/Minimization Equipment
Enclosure of the Hazard Last line of defense
Isolation of the Hazard
Page  22
Redirection of Hazard
 OSH
POLICY  SAFETY CONTROL AND
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

IND Housekeeping
U
HY STRIA
PRO GIENE L Material handling and storage
GR
AM
Electrical safety
OC
C UPA
SAFE TY H TIO Machine guarding
EN E A N
VIR
O CONTROL PRO LTH AL
PRO NM
TEC ENT & EMERGENCY
GR
AM List of PPE provided
CO T IO ALPREPAREDNESS
M
REL MUN N & Fire safety orientations and drills
AT ITY
ION
S conducted
CA
P
AC SOC BU ACIT Maintenance of fire fighting
CO IAL ILD Y
U O I N
YP N
RO TABI
NO
SH
G facilities
GR LI T
AM
S Incident/accident investigation
analysis, recording and reporting
Safety inspections
Emergency preparedness plans
and related training
 The Need for Emergency Preparedness

The importance of an effective workplace

safety and health program cannot be
overemphasized. There are many benefits
from such a program including increased
productivity, improved employee morale,
reduced absenteeism and illness; however,
incidents still may occur in spite of efforts
to prevent them. Therefore, proper
planning for emergencies is necessary to
minimize employee injury and property
damage.
Page  24
 Emergency Preparedness Program Elements

Evaluate
Review
Resources
Hazards
Develop
Integrate with Emergency
community plan Plan & Procedure
Conduct
Educate Training
Conduct
the public Drills &
Exercises

Page  25
 OSH
‚ POLIC
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SAF
E
Y
& E TY CO
PROGRAM PRE MERG NTRO
PAR EN L
ED CY
NE
SS OC
HE CUPA
AL
Inventory of chemicals EN TH TION
VI INDUSTRIA PRO AL
PRO RONM GR
AM
Emergency contingency plan T E L HYGIENE
CO ECTI NTAL
M O PROGRAM
REL MUN N &
Capability building program for AT ITY
ION
chemical users S CA
PAC
B
Materials handling and storage AC S UILD ITY
CO OCIA ON ING
UN L OSH
procedures PRO TAB
GR I L
AM ITY
S
Abatement of physical hazards
 OSH

SAF
POLICY
DUIN
ƒ OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH PROGRAM
ETY HY STRIA
&E CO GIE L
PRE MERG NTRO PROG NE
PAR EN
ED CY
L RA
M Employment or hiring of medical
NE
SS staff
EN
VI Availability of clinical, dental
PRO RONM OCCUPATIONAL
T E and medical equipment
CO ECTI NTAL HEALTH
M O
REL MUN N & PROGRAM Preparation and submission of
AT ITY
ION
S CA Annual Medical Report
P
BU ACIT
AC
CO
SOC O
I LD
NO G I N
Y Compilation of medical records
UN IAL
PRO TAB SH of employees, including analysis
GR I L
AM ITY of the data
S
HMO or in-house
health services or both
Medical services and other
programs implemented
„ ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
OSH
POLICY
INDU
SAF
& COMMUNITY RELATIONS &E
ETY HY STRIA
GIE
CO L
PRE MERG NTRO PROG NE
PAR EN L RA
ED CY M
NE
SS OC
HE CUPA
AL T
Data on classification and ENVIRONMENTAL TH PR IONA
PROTECTION & OG L
volume of waste generated RA
M
COMMUNITY
Pollution prevention facilities RELATIONS
(e.g. wastewater treatment)
CA
P
Employment of a Pollution AC SOC BU ACIT
CO IA IL Y
Control Officer (PCO) Y P UNTA L ON DING
RO OSH
GR BILIT
AM
List of outreach programs and S
description
 OSH
POLICY
…
SOCIAL
IN DU
SAF
ETY HY STRIA
ACCOUNTABILITY
&E CO GIE L
PRE MERG NTRO PROG NE PROGRAMS
PAR EN L RA
ED CY M
NE
SS
OC
CU
EN PA
VIR HE TION
PRO ONM SOCIAL PRO ALTH AL Policy on gender
T E
CO ECTI NTALACCOUNTABILITY GRAM
MM O
REL UN N & PROGRAMS Policy on Child Labor
AT ITY
ION
S CA
P
Policy on PWDs
BU ACIT
ILD Y
ON ING Other corporate social
OSH
responsibility programs
† CAPACITY BUILDING
OSH
POLICY
IN
ON OSH SAF
ETY
DU
HY STRIA
&E CO GI L
PRE MERG NTRO PROG ENE
PAR EN L RA
ED CY M
NE
List of required orientations/ SS OC
CU
PA
trainings on OSH provided EN
VI
HE TION
CAPACITY PR ALT AL
(BOSH, CST, Drugs, PRO RONM OG H
TEC ENT BUILDING RA
M
HIV/AIDS, Gender/S&H, Anti-Sexual CO T A
MM ION L ON OSH
Harassment, Family Welfare, OSH-MS and REL UN &
AT ITY
others) ION
S
Training calendar of the AC S
CO OCIA
company; other staff U
PRO NTAB
L
GR IL
development activities AM ITY
S
Plans on communicating OSH
Information program, materials
and dissemination strategies
Monitoring and evaluation
Some Promotional Methods

 Safety Meetings

SLOGAN

 Safety Contest
– Injury rate contest
– Non-injury rate contest:
safety slogan, poster,
housekeeping
Page  31
Some Promotional Methods

Use of posters, bulletin boards and

displays to publicize safety

SAFETY BULLETIN BOARD

Page  32
Some Promotional Methods

 Others like safety campaigns, safety courses and

demonstrations, public address systems,
publications, suggestion system.

Page  33
 Monitoring

A safety and health program is a “LIVING

THING” that should be constantly adapted,
evaluated and enhanced to make the
workplace healthier and safer.
 Safety and Health Policy
 OSH Objectives
Examples:
 100% compliance on helmet and safety shoes
 Green Tag for all scaffoldings in use
 Zero unprotected wall and floor openings.
Page  34
 Monitoring

 Tools for Monitoring

– Safety Inspection
– Accident Investigation
– Work Environment Measurement
 Frequency
– Continuous review
– Scheduled
– Warning signs of program breakdown
• Death or serious injury
• Incident or series of incidents requiring action/ program modification
• Near miss

Page  35
 Why Evaluate a Program?

 Know if changes or revisions are necessary.

 Check areas that have to be prioritized.
 Monitor the performance of the program.

Page  36
 Steps in Making Evaluation

• Collection of data & information

– Review of past experience
– Interviews
– Review of SOPs
• Sorting of data
• Analysis of data
• Interpretation and conclusion
• Recommendations
• Submission of reports
• Follow-ups and feedbacks

Page  37
 Program Evaluation

 Who conducts evaluation

– Qualification
• Interest
• Expertise
• Experience
• Analytical ability
• Communication skills
– Internal/ External

Page  38
 Program Evaluation

 Program effectiveness
– Number of accidents and injuries are trending downward
– Cost of accidents and injuries is trending downward
– Time lost due to work-related injuries or illnesses is reduced

Page  39
 Program Evaluation

– Recommendations addressing health and safety issues are

made and completed
– Organization is working towards compliance with applicable
laws, codes and standards
– Judgment – perception of people

Page  40
 Successful Safety and Health Program

Unless an organization has a written, well-defined,

systematic safety plan in which everyone in the
organization logically understands their roles and
responsibilities, all of the hard work, all of the
expense, and all of the hopes for a successful
program will be for nothing.

Page  41