ELECTRO-PNEUMATICS

LOGIC OPERATIONS
 The are used to produce the required movements
by pneumatic cylinders under certain conditions.

 Logic operations:
 OR circuits
 AND circuits
LOGIC OPERATION – OR CIRCUIT
 The OR circuit has two inputs and a single output
 The aim is to be able to extend the piston rod of a
cylinder with two different input elements,
pushbuttons PB1 and PB2.
 The contacts of the PB1 and PB2 are arranged in
parallel branches in the circuit diagram.
 If at least one of the pushbuttons is pressed, the
solenoid valve switches to the actuated position
and the piston rod advances.
 0 : push buttons are not pressed and thus there is
no input signal.
 1: push button pressed and thus the input signal
exists.
 Y1 is 0 : means the solenoid valve is not
activated.
 Y1 is 1: means solenoid valve is activated.
LOGIC OPERATION – AND CIRCUIT
 The AND circuit has two inputs and a single
output
 The aim is to be able to extend the piston rod of a
cylinder with two different input elements,
pushbuttons PB1 and PB2.
 The contacts of the PB1 and PB2 are arranged in
series branches in the circuit diagram.
 If only one pushbutton is pressed, the solenoid
valve wont actuate and stays on its initial position
and the piston rod will not extend.

 If both of the pushbuttons are pressed, the

solenoid valve switches to the actuated position
and the piston rod advances.
LOGIC OPERATION – AND CIRCUIT
 The AND circuit has two inputs and single
output.

 The output of the AND circuits exists only when

both inputs are existing.
 0 : push buttons are not pressed and thus there is
no input signal.
 1: push button pressed and thus the input signal
exists.
 Y1 is 0 : means the solenoid valve is not
activated.
 Y1 is 1: means solenoid valve is activated.
MECHANICAL POSITION SENSOR (LIMIT SWITCH)
SAMPLE CIRCUIT WITH LIMIT SWITCH
LATCHING CIRCUITS
 Latching is a process where the relay contacts
remain on without keeping the relay coil
energized. In other words, it is required
something to keep the circuit powered for a
certain powered for a certain function even
though a pushbutton switch is released to the
open position.
Latching circuit can be :

 Dominant ON

 Dominant Off

Dominant position refer to starts of relay

coil ( circuit) when both the start and stop signals
are applied simultaneously
DOMINANT ON
 If the PB1 (start) and PB2 (stop) are both pressed
at the same time the relay coil is energized
DOMINANT OFF
 If the PB1 (start) and PB2 (stop) are both pressed
at the same time the relay coil is not energized
LATCHING CIRCUIT WITH DOMINANT ON
 When Start button (PB1) and Stop button (PB2)
are pressed simultaneously, if the circuit goes to
ON position , then such a circuit is called
Dominant ON latching circuit.
a) When we press START push button PB1 is pressed and released , following
operations occurs:
1. Relay coil K1 in branch 1 ( vertical) is energized. All Contact K1 closes
2. Notice that there is a NO contact of K1 in branch 2 , which is connected parallel to
PB1and in series with PB2. This NO contact of K1 latches the start push button.
Therefore even if the PB1 is released, NO contact of K1 in branch 2 keeps coil K1
energized.
3. There is another NO contact in branch 3, which is connected to Y1. When push
button PB1 is pressed this also remain closed, as a result cylinder moves forward
and remains there until stop button PB2 is pressed.

b) When we press STOP push button PB2 is pressed momentarily and released ,
following operations occurs:
1. Relay coil K1 in branch 1 ( vertical) is de-energized. All Contact K1 opens
2. NO contact of K1 in branch 2 , which is connected parallel to PB1 is now open. This
NO contact of K1 no more latches the start push button.
3. NO contact in branch 3 is also open now, which is de-energizes. As a result cylinder
moves back to its home position and remains in home position until start button
PB1 is pressed again.
LATCHING CIRCUIT WITH DOMINANT OFF

 When Start button (PB1) and Stop button (PB2)

are pressed simultaneously, if the circuit goes to
OFF position , then such a circuit is called
Dominant OFF latching circuit.
a.)When we press START push button PB1 is pressed and released , following operations
occurs:

1. Relay coil K1 in branch 1 ( vertical) is energized. All Contact K1 closes

2.Notice that there is a NO contact of K1 in branch 2 , which is connected parallel to PB1.

This NO contact of K1 latches the start push button. Therefore even if the PB1 is
released, NO contact of K1 in branch 2 keeps coil K1 energized.

3. There is another NO contact in branch 3, which is connected to Y1. When push button
PB1 is pressed this also remain closed, as a result cylinder moves forward and remains
there until stop button PB2 is pressed.

b) When we press STOP push button PB2 is pressed momentarily and released , following
operations occurs:
1. Relay coil K1 in branch 1 ( vertical) is de-energized. All Contact K1 opens
2. NO contact of K1 in branch 2 , which is connected parallel to PB1 is now open. This
NO contact of K1 no more latches the start push button.
3. NO contact in branch 3 is also open now, which is de-energizes. As a result cylinder
moves back to its home position and remains there until start button PB1 is pressed
again.
Control an indicator lamp/light using push buttons.
Apply latching circuit principle.